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Gränsledarskap - att leda i organisatoriska mellanrum: En kvalitativ studie om mellanchefers upplevelser av sina arbetsförutsättningar i två olika organisatoriska kontexter
Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

This bachelor’s thesis explores how middle managers perceived discretion and organizational conditions are shaped by different organizational structures, specifically, the machine bureaucracy and professional bureaucracy. Through a qualitative study based on a thematic analysis, with semi-structured interviews from two contrasting organizational contexts, the study applies Mintzberg’s structural theory, Social Exchange Theory (SET), and the Job Demand-Control-Support model as analytical frameworks. The findings show that structural characteristics such as centralization, formalization, and professionalization significantly affect middle managers’ ability to make decisions, handle demands, and access support. Organization X (professional bureaucracy with features of a machine bureaucracy) demonstrates a hybrid structure where informal autonomy and trust foster flexibility, while Organization Y (machine bureaucracy) is characterized by formalized governance and varying degrees of decisionmaking power. The role of the middle manager often emerges as ambiguous, marked by unclear mandates, dual expectations, and reliance on relational rather than formal resources. This study introduces the concept of cross-boundary leadership to conceptualize the unique position of middle managers, where leadership is exercised between formal authority and practical responsibility. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how organizational structures influence leadership in practice and emphasizes the need to recognize middle managers as active agents in navigating structural and relational tensions. 

Abstract [sv]

Detta examensarbete undersöker hur mellanchefers upplevda handlingsutrymme och organisatoriska villkor påverkas av olika typer av organisationsstrukturer, närmare bestämt maskinbyråkrati och professionell byråkrati. Genom en kvalitativ studie med tematisk analys och semistrukturerade intervjuer från två organisationer analyseras mellanchefers arbetsförutsättningar, med stöd i Mintzbergs strukturteori, Social Exchange Theory och kravkontroll-stöd-modellen. Resultatet visar att strukturella faktorer som centralisering, formalisering och professionalisering i hög grad påverkar mellanchefers möjlighet att fatta beslut, hantera krav och få tillgång till stöd. Organisation X (en professionell byråkrati med inslag av maskinbyråkrati) uppvisar en hybridstruktur där tillit och informellt handlingsutrymme skapar flexibilitet, medan Organisation Y (en maskinbyråkrati) präglas av en mer formaliserad styrning med varierande grad av autonomi. Studien visar att mellanchefens roll ofta präglas av otydliga mandat, dubbla krav och ett beroende av relationella resurser snarare än formell auktoritet. Vi introducerar begreppet gränsledarskap för att fånga denna komplexa position, där ledarskap utövas i skärningspunkten mellan struktur, relationer och ansvar. Studien bidrar med ökad förståelse för hur organisatorisk struktur påverkar ledarskapets praktiska utformning och belyser behovet av att se mellanchefen som en aktiv aktör i organisationens gränsland. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 40
Keywords [en]
Middle management, organizational structure, discretion, cross-boundary leadership, Job Demand-Control-Support model, Social Exchange Theory, Mintzberg’ structural theory
Keywords [sv]
mellanchef, organisationsstruktur, handlingsutrymme, gränsledarskap, professionalisering, krav-kontroll-stöd-modellen, social exchange theory, Mintzberg's strukturteori
National Category
Work Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-56868OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-56868DiVA, id: diva2:1978885
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Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-30 Created: 2025-06-29 Last updated: 2025-10-01Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
  • apa
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  • Other locale
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Output format
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