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Sambandet mellan ESG, dess komponenter och företagets finansiella prestation
Halmstad University, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Sammanfattning 

Examensarbete 30 hp, Civilekonomprogrammet, Högskolan i Halmstad. 

Författare: Shpresa Nuhaj Handledare: Savvas Papadopoulos Examinator: Fazle Rahi 

Bakgrund och syfte: ESG och hållbarhet har fått ökad uppmärksamhet de senaste åren och utgör en central faktor för företags strategiska utveckling. ESG, som står för Environmental, Social och Governance mäter hur företag hanterar och rapporterar om hållbarhetsfrågor samt vilken påverkan deras agerande har på både samhälle och miljö. Trots en omfattande mängd tidigare studier, har sambandet mellan ESG och finansiell prestation visat sig vara komplext och varierande. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur det övergripande ESG-betyget samt de enskilda komponenterna påverkar företagens finansiella resultat, mätt med redovisningsbaserade mått som ROA (Return on Assets) och ROE (Return on Equity). 

Metod: Analysen genomfördes med hjälp av multipla regressionsmodeller i SPSS. I studien har använts en kvantitativ metod där data samlades in från Swedish house of Finance och Retriever Business. Studien omfattade 206 företag. 

Resultat: Resultaten visar att det finns ett positivt och signifikant samband mellan det totala ESG-betyget och båda måtten på finansiell prestation. När de tre komponenterna analyseras var för sig framkommer att miljömässiga och sociala faktorer har ett positivt och signifikant samband med såväl ROA som ROE, medan bolagsstyrning har en positiv men icke signifikant samband med ROA och ROE. Detta tyder på att företag med högre ESG-prestanda tenderar att uppvisa bättre finansiella resultat. Samtidigt visar analyserna att förklaringsgraden i modellerna är låg, vilket innebär att ESG endast förklarar en mindre del av variationen i finansiell prestation. Det antyder att andra faktorer som inte inkluderats i denna studie också spelar en viktig roll i hur väl ett företag presterar finansiellt. 

Nyckelord: ESG, Enviromental, Social & Governance, ROA, ROE, Totala tillgångar, Skuldsättningsgrad, Legitimitetsteorin, Intressenteorin. 

Abstract [en]

Abstract

Thesis 30 credits, Master of Science in Business and Economics, Halmstad University

Author: Shpresa Nuhaj Supervisor: Savvas Papadopoulos Examiner: Fazle Rahi

Background and Aim: ESG and sustainability have received increasing attention in recent years and constitute a central factor in companies strategic development. ESG, which stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance, measures how companies manage and report on sustainability issues, as well as the impact of their actions on both society and the environment. Despite a large amount of previous research, the relationship between ESG and financial performance has proven to be complex and varied. This study aims to examine how the overall ESG score, as well as its individual components, affect corporate financial performance, measured by accounting-based indicators such as ROA (Return on Assets) and ROE (Return on Equity).

Method: The analysis was conducted using multiple regression models in SPSS. The study applied a quantitative approach with data collected from the Swedish House of Finance and Retriever Business. The sample included 206 companies.

Results: The results show a positive and significant relationship between the overall ESG-score and both measures of financial performance. When analyzing the three components separately, environmental and social factors exhibit a positive and significant relationship with both ROA and ROE, while governance shows a positive but not statistically significant relationship with ROA and ROE. This suggests that companies with higher ESG performance tend to achieve better financial results. However, the analyses also reveal a low explanatory power in the models, indicating that ESG accounts for only a small portion of the variation in financial performance. This implies that other factors not included in this study also play an important role in determining a company’s financial success.

Keywords: ESG, Environmental, Social & Governance, ROA, ROE, Total Assets, DER, Legitimacy Theory, Stakeholder Theory.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 44
Keywords [sv]
ESG, Finansiella resultat, Intressenteorin, Legitimitetsteorin.
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-56820OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-56820DiVA, id: diva2:1978540
Subject / course
Business
Educational program
Study Programme in Business and Economics, 240 credits
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-07-01 Created: 2025-06-27 Last updated: 2025-10-01Bibliographically approved

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