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Särskild begåvning under skolans tidiga år: En litteraturstudie med fokus på identifiering och anpassade metoder för matematikundervisning
Halmstad University, School of Education, Humanities and Social Science.
Halmstad University, School of Education, Humanities and Social Science.
Halmstad University, School of Education, Humanities and Social Science.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Giftedness in the Early School Years : A Literature Review Focused on Identification and Differentiated Instruction for Mathematics Teaching (English)
Abstract [sv]

Denna litteraturöversikt syftar till att undersöka vad relevant forskning lyfter kring hur skolan kan möta särskilt begåvade elevers behov i tidiga åldrar. De frågeställningar som ämnades besvaras var vilka metoder kan användas för att anpassa matematikundervisningen så att de möter särskilt begåvade elevers behov under de första skolåren, samt hur kan särskild begåvning identifieras hos barn i åldern 5-10 år? Ett urval av åtta vetenskapliga artiklar och tre avhandlingar genomfördes. Genom en tematisk analys utkristalliserades tre teman; Eleven, Didaktik samt Lärarens roll och kompetens. Utifrån dessa teman presenteras ett resultat som visar på läroplanens innehåll, vikten av bedömningsarbete och vårdnadshavares samt lärares syn på begåvning. Resultatet lyfter även hur särskild begåvning kan identifieras samt hur särskild begåvning påverkar den enskilde individens motivation, relationer och (o)hälsa. Vidare visar resultatet på utmaningar i klassrummet, flera olika arbetssätt och metoder för att differentiera undervisningen, samt lärarens skyldigheter i förhållande till elevens rättigheter. Diskussionen inkluderar såväl kopplingar som kontrasteringar mellan resultat och tidigare forskning, vilket mynnade ut i slutsatsen att lärarens kompetens och kommunikationsförmåga är två grundläggande faktorer som är viktiga för att matematikundervisningen ska möta de särskilt begåvade elevernas behov. Dessa faktorer påverkar hur väl läraren kan omsätta såväl kunskaper kring särskild begåvning i identifieringsarbetet som anpassa undervisningsmetoder i praktiken. Denna litteraturstudie bidrar till att synliggöra särskilt begåvade elevers situation i dagens skola, vilket förhoppningsvis kan bidra till förbättringar för elevgruppen på lång sikt.

Abstract [en]

This literature review aims to examine what relevant research highlights about how schools can meet the needs of gifted students at an early age. The questions that were intended to be answered were what methods can be used to adapt mathematics teaching to meet the needs of gifted students during the first years of school, and how can giftedness be identified in children aged 5-10? A selection of eight scientific articles and three dissertations was carried out. Through a thematic analysis, three themes emerged; The Student, Didactics and The Teacher's role and competence. Based on these themes, a result is presented that shows the content of the curriculum, the importance of assessment work and the guardians' and teachers' views on giftedness. The result also highlights how special giftedness can be identified and how special giftedness affects the individual's motivation, relationships and (ill)health. Furthermore, the results show challenges in the classroom, several different working methods and methods for differentiating teaching, and the teacher's obligations in relation to the student's rights. The discussion includes both connections and contrasts between the results and previous research, which led to the conclusion that the teacher's competence and communication skills are two fundamental factors that are important for mathematics teaching to meet the needs of gifted students. These factors affect how well the teacher can translate both knowledge about giftedness into identification work and adapt teaching methods in practice. This literature study helps to highlight the situation of particularly gifted students in today's schools, which can hopefully contribute to improvements for the student group in the long term.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 46
Keywords [en]
Giftedness, highly able, teaching, mathematics, method, identification, differentiation, adaption, student needs, early schoolyears.
Keywords [sv]
Särskild begåvning, särbegåvning, matematik, undervisning, metod, identifiering, differentiering, anpassning, elevbehov, tidiga skolår
National Category
Pedagogy Didactics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-56629OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-56629DiVA, id: diva2:1975281
Educational program
Primary Teacher Education, 240 credits
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-26 Created: 2025-06-23 Last updated: 2025-10-01Bibliographically approved

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