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Det tysta utanförskapet: En kvalitativ studie om utanförskap i barns sociala lek och pedagogers stödjande roll
Halmstad University, School of Education, Humanities and Social Science.
Halmstad University, School of Education, Humanities and Social Science.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Lek har en självklar roll i barns vardag och är en viktig del i deras utveckling och lärande. Det som däremot inte är lika självklart är att alla barn har lika förutsättningar för att bli delaktig i leken. Forskning visar att ett av nio barn står utanför leken, vilket kan leda till stora konsekvenser för barnet längre fram i livet. Syftet med vår studie var att undersöka vilka olika faktorer som gör att barn hamnar utanför leken och hur det synligörs i interaktionen. Studien undersökte även hur pedagoger stödjer barn i den sociala leken. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ anstas i form av ren observation. Empirin baseras på 125 minuters videoinspelat material som inhämtats från fem olika förskolor i en kommun i södra Sverige. Det insamlade materialet analyserades med studiens teoretiska ramverk, lekresponsiv undervisning och med inspiration av multimodal interaktionsanalys. Resultatet visar på att barns utanförskap i den sociala leken sker i det tysta och kan därför bli svårt att synligöra. Slutsatsen är att barns verbala och sociala färdigheter kan påverka barns möjlighet till att få tillträde i leken. Det framkommer även att pedagoger använder mer eller mindre lyckosamma strategier för att närma sig barns lek. Den strategi som framträder som mest lyckosam är att vara närvarande och använda sig av lekresponsiva metoder för att få alla barn delaktiga i leken. 

Abstract [en]

Play has a natural role in children's everyday lives and is an important part of their development and learning. What is not as self-evident, however, is that all children have equal opportunities to participate in play. Research shows that one in nine children is excluded from play, which can have significant consequences for the child later in life. The purpose of our study was to investigate the different factors that lead to children's exclusion from play and how this becomes visible in interaction. The study also examined how educators support children in social play. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach in the form of pure observation. The empirical data is based on 125 minutes of video-recorded material collected from five different preschools in a municipality in southern Sweden. The collected material was analyzed using the study's theoretical framework, play-responsive teaching, and inspired by multimodal interaction analysis. The results show that children's exclusion from social play often occurs silently and can therefore be difficult to detect. The conclusion is that children's verbal and social skills can affect their ability to gain access to play. It also emerges that educators use more or less successful strategies to approach children's play. The strategy that appears to be most successful is being present and using play-responsive methods to include all children in the play. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 58
Keywords [en]
Social play, exclusion, preschool, educators, interaction, Play-responsive teaching
Keywords [sv]
Social lek, utanförskap, förskola, pedagoger, interaktion, Lekresponsiv undervisning
National Category
Educational Work
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-56664OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-56664DiVA, id: diva2:1975252
Educational program
Pre-School Teacher Education, 210 credits
Presentation
2025-05-28, Halmstad Högskola, Halmstad, 09:15 (Swedish)
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-26 Created: 2025-06-23 Last updated: 2025-10-01Bibliographically approved

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