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Deep network pruning: A comparative study on CNNs in face recognition
Halmstad University, School of Information Technology. Universitat De Les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1400-346X
Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
Universitat De Les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6137-9558
Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2851-4260
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2025 (English)In: Pattern Recognition Letters, ISSN 0167-8655, E-ISSN 1872-7344, Vol. 189, p. 221-228Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The widespread use of mobile devices for all kinds of transactions makes necessary reliable and real-time identity authentication, leading to the adoption of face recognition (FR) via the cameras embedded in such devices. Progress of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) has provided substantial advances in FR. Nonetheless, the size of state-of-the-art architectures is unsuitable for mobile deployment, since they often encompass hundreds of megabytes and millions of parameters. We address this by studying methods for deep network compression applied to FR. In particular, we apply network pruning based on Taylor scores, where less important filters are removed iteratively. The method is tested on three networks based on the small SqueezeNet (1.24M parameters) and the popular MobileNetv2 (3.5M) and ResNet50 (23.5M) architectures. These have been selected to showcase the method on CNNs with different complexities and sizes. We observe that a substantial percentage of filters can be removed with minimal performance loss. Also, filters with the highest amount of output channels tend to be removed first, suggesting that high-dimensional spaces within popular CNNs are over-dimensioned. The models of this paper are available at https://github.com/HalmstadUniversityBiometrics/CNN-pruning-for-face-recognition. © 2025.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2025. Vol. 189, p. 221-228
Keywords [en]
Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep learning, Face recognition, Mobile biometrics, Network pruning, Taylor expansion
National Category
Computer graphics and computer vision
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-55571DOI: 10.1016/j.patrec.2025.01.023Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85217214565OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-55571DiVA, id: diva2:1941469
Funder
Vinnova, PID2022-136779OB-C32Swedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission
Note

This work was partly done while F. A.-F. was a visiting researcher at the University of the Balearic Islands . F. A.-F., K. H.-D., and J. B. thank the Swedish Research Council (VR) and the Swedish Innovation Agency (VINNOVA) for funding their research. This work is part of the Project PID2022-136779OB-C32 (PLEISAR) funded by MICIU/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033/ and FEDER, EU.

Available from: 2025-02-28 Created: 2025-02-28 Last updated: 2025-10-01Bibliographically approved

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Alonso-Fernandez, FernandoHernandez-Diaz, KevinTiwari, PrayagBigun, Josef

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Alonso-Fernandez, FernandoHernandez-Diaz, KevinBuades Rubio, Jose MariaTiwari, PrayagBigun, Josef
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