Background: Knowledge about the living conditions among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is globally scarce. Even in countries with good access to registers, this is often partly due to the absence of a single, comprehensive, nationwide register of individuals with ID or the inability to identify all individuals with ID within existing registers. In Sweden, the Halmstad University Register on Pupils with ID (HURPID) was established to fill this gap. HURPID is based on the population that left the Swedish Upper Secondary School for pupils with ID (USSID) in 2001–2020. Most young people with ID in Sweden are expected to attend USSID. The aims of this paper were to describe the construction, structure, and content of HURPID, to validate the register, and to provide examples of what it has been used for.

Methods: Based on school leaving certificates or corresponding, personal identity number, gender, educational programme, municipality where the school was located, and graduation year were registered. HURPID has been linked with various registers in projects addressing research questions about the target group's living conditions.

Results: HURPID consists of 26,910 individuals (11,078 women, 15,832 men), born in 1973–2003. Through linkages, knowledge has been gained about occupational patterns, psychiatric comorbidity, mortality, substance use, criminality and victimisation.

Conclusions: HURPID demonstrates the highest completeness of individuals with ID of working age in Sweden. This makes it possible to follow the development of adolescents with ID over time. As one of the most extensive and comprehensive registers of individuals with ID in the world, it also forms a unique register internationally. © 2025 The Author(s). JCPP Advances published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.

Många personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning har sin sysselsättning i daglig verksamhet, som är en av insatserna i Lagen (1993:387) om stöd till service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS). Trots att daglig verksamhet är den dominerande sysselsättningen för personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, finns det begränsad kunskap och forskning. Denna rapport är en sammanfattning av ett postdoktorprojekt som genomfördes mellan 2022–2024 av Renee Luthra (Fil.dr. i hälsa och livsstil inriktning handikappvetenskap) vid Högskolan i Halmstad, tillsammans med forskargruppen bestående av Magnus Tideman (Projektledare, Professor i socialt arbete med inriktning funktionshinder) och Carin Staland Nyman (Med. dr i socialmedicin). Det övergripande syftet med forskningsprojektet var att öka kunskapen och förståelsen om daglig verksamhet. Detta ledde till att två studier genomfördes – en registerstudie och en intervjustudie.

Registerstudien: Syftet med registerstudien var att undersöka gruppen vuxna med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning som efter anpassad gymnasieskola deltar i daglig verksamhet, med fokus på karakteristik och longitudinella analyser, av rörelser mellan olika typer av sysselsättningar. I studien användes det nationella registret Halmstad University Register on Pupils with Intellectual Disability. Detta register har samkörts med två andra nationella register och består av 26 908 personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, varav 13 128 individer (48,8 %) deltog i daglig verksamhet.

Resultatet visar att gruppen som deltog i daglig verksamhet bestod av något fler män än kvinnor. Många hade gått ett individuellt program i den anpassad gymnasieskola och analyserna visade att det fanns signifikant samband mellan flera bakgrundsfaktorer (kön, ålder, gymnasieprogram, och boendekommun) och deltagande i daglig verksamhet. Longitudinella analyser visade även att andelen personer i daglig verksamhet är relativt stabil över tid. Under en tioårsperiod hade dock ett antal personer övergått till att ha ett arbete (8.2%) eller till en situation där de inte hade någon känd sysselsättning (11.8%). Få individer lämnade daglig verksamhet för att studera vidare (under 1%).

Intervjustudien: Syftet med intervjustudien var att undersöka vilka upplevelser personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning hade av daglig verksamhet, och deras erfarenheter av eventuella övergångar mellan daglig verksamhet och andra sysselsättningar (arbete, utbildning och att inte ha en känd sysselsättning). Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med 15 personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning som deltog i daglig verksamhet.

Teman som framkom i resultatet var: autonomi, relationer med personal och andra deltagare i daglig verksamhet, stolthet över uppgifter, flexibilitet och stabilitet i upplevelserna av daglig verksamhet. Analyser av deltagarnas erfarenheter av övergångar mellan daglig verksamhet och andra sysselsättningar, illustrerade flera hinder för individen att söka och få ett arbete. Intresset för vidareutbildning var låg, samtidigt som majoriteten hade haft perioder utan en känd sysselsättning.

Analys av intervjumaterialet visade att deltagarna kunde delas in i två grupper, två typologier, som illustrerar att daglig verksamhet har olika betydelser och konsekvenser för olika personer. ”Nöjdhetsgruppen” var individer som var nöjda och tyckte om den dagliga verksamheten och upplevde den som en meningsfull och värdefull sysselsättning. För ”Mittemellangruppen” var daglig verksamhet ett mellansteg eller tillfällig sysselsättning, något att göra innan de kan gå vidare till ett lönearbete.  Även om det finns en önskan att lämna daglig verksamhet och få ett betalt jobb, uttryckte flera en oro över att förlora stabiliteten och/eller den försörjning som personer erhåller i daglig verksamhet.

Slutsatser: Resultaten från båda studierna kompletterar varandra och ger ny kunskap om daglig verksamhet. Tillsammans illustrerar de att daglig verksamhet fortsätter vara den vanligaste sysselsättningen för personer intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, samtidigt som det finns variationer i bakgrundsfaktorer, övergångar till andra sysselsättningar och i erfarenheter och upplevelser. Ett exempel på ny kunskap är att utflödet till arbete och till att ha ingen känd sysselsättning under en 10-årsperiod är betydligt större än tidigare känt. Daglig verksamhet är en meningsfull sysselsättning och passar många, men inte alla. Därför blir det viktigt att stödja individer utifrån deras olika behov och önskemål, oavsett om de är nöjda med sin dagliga verksamhet, eller om de vill prova en annan placering inom daglig verksamhet, eller att de i stället önskar att få en löneanställning på den öppna arbetsmarknaden.

Background: Additional research is needed to enhance our understanding of the factors that promote sustainable work participation (SWP) for individuals with common mental disorders (CMD). The aim was to analyse CMD-related work capacity as a determinant of sustainable work participation (SWP) in a sample of the Swedish working population.

Methods: Between November 2021 and August 2022, cross-sectional data were collected through an online survey of the Swedish workforce aged 18 and older (n¼10234). Mental well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 Mental Well-being Index, and work capacity was measured with the Capacity to Work Instrument (C2WI). SWP was defined as not receiving sickness benefits based on public registers over a 1-year follow-up. Logistic regression analysis measured associations between mental well-being, work capacity, and SWP by estimating odds ratios (OR), stratified by gender.

Results: When stratified by gender and age, notable variations in the distribution of mental well-being and work capacity emerged. Women, particularly those aged 18-29, reported reduced mental well-being and strained work capacity relative to older women and men across all age groups. Among women, the OR for SWP by work capacity was 0.94 [95% CI: 0.93-0.94]; among men, it was 0.95 [95% CI: 0.93-0.96]. An interaction effect was found for men, suggesting that the association between work capacity and SWP varies by the level of mental well-being in some cases but not in all.

Conclusions: The C2WI demonstrated predictive power in a diverse sample of the Swedish working population. A statistically significant association was identified between CMD-related work capacity and SWP. It can be concluded that the preconditions for SWP vary between women and men and across age groups.

Key messages:

• In a diverse sample of the Swedish working population, the C2WI demonstrated predictive power.

• During a 1-year follow-up period, CMD-related work capacity and SWP showed a statistical association.

© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association.

Background: Gender differences in sick leave due to common mental disorders (CMD) are pronounced, with more women taking sick leave. Research has reported gender differences in work modifications during return-to-work (RTW) following CMD-related sick leave. Although workplaces play a critical role in prevention, studies rarely focus on managers who are responsible for implementing preventive measures and overseeing RTW. We hypothesized that managers would propose different preventive actions depending on the gender of the individual experiencing CMD.

Aim: To examine actions proposed by managers to prevent CMDrelated sick leave, and to investigate how these preventive actions vary based on employee gender.

Data and methods: The study (n¼2147) surveyed 3,000 public sector managers via the Swedish Citizen Panel in 2024. Using an experimental design with randomized video vignettes with either a male or female employee, participants answered 20 questions about preventive actions. Chi-square analysis examined gender differences across actions. Factor analysis grouped the actions into three types: actions to adapt tasks, to involve experts, and to provide social support to the employee. Sum scores for each action type were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-test to compare the number of actions proposed for male and female vignettes.

Results: Most of the 20 actions were proposed by the managers but only one, “increase staffing to compensate for reduced work capacity” showed a significant difference between a male and female vignette (p¼0.030). No significant differences were found in the number of proposed actions for male and female vignettes across the three action types (p-values: 0.71, 0.31, 0.70).

Conclusions: This study found little evidence that gender impacts the preventive measures proposed by managers, with no significant differences across action types. This contradicts research where work modifications are implemented differently for female and male employees.

Key messages:

• Managers proposed a broad range of measures to prevent sick leave due to common mental disorders.

• Common mental disorders drive the development of sick leave, especially for women. However, this study found minimal genderbased differences in managers’ preventive strategies.

© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association.

In Sweden, day programs called Daily Activity are provided for people with intellectual disability with the objective of increasing meaningful activities and opportunities for employment. The aim of the study was to examine people with intellectual disability’s experiences of Daily Activity, as well as transitions between Daily Activity and other occupations (employment, education, and no occupation). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 individuals with intellectual disability and were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results illustrate the importance of autonomy, relationships, taking pride in tasks, flexibility, and stability in Daily Activity. Transitions highlight barriers in employment, low interest in education, and periods of not having an occupation. The participants’ overall experiences of Daily Activity and transitions between occupations resulted in two typologies—The Content Group and The In-between Group. The findings are discussed using self-determination theory and emphasize the interaction between individuals and societal systems to support people in Daily Activity. © 2025 The Author(s).

Objectives To investigate if stigmatizing attitudes to common mental disorders (CMDs) differ among managers in various private work sectors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among private Swedish managers (n = 2713) investigating managers' attitudes to CMD, through video vignette methodology, in four work sectors, based on industry affiliation. Binary logistic regression models were applied and adjusted for individual and organizational covariates. Results Managers in the white, pink and other work sectors were less likely to have negative attitudes towards CMDs than managers in the blue work sector. Conclusion The results underline that employers in the blue work sector need to combat stigmatizing and negative attitudes towards CMDs among managers. This will improve the psychosocial work environments for all employees, specifically for those with mental health problems. © 2025 American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Purpose: This study explores the importance of contextual and individual factors for managers’ support to employees with common mental disorders (CMD) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach: A web survey was sent to 5,646 Swedish private sector managers. Logistic regression was used to analyse data from 1,136 managers who had at least one subordinate with CMD in the last year.

Findings: Finding it harder to support employees with CMD during the pandemic was strongly associated with pandemic-driven changes in the work organization. Managers who had less contact with subordinates were three times more likely to report difficulties. Managers whose subordinates worked from home were also more likely to report this, and the odds increased with a greater extent of remote work. Standard organizational factors and manager characteristics were less important.

Practical implications: Regardless of worksite, but particularly when working from home, it is essential that managers stay in touch with their employees. Managers are advised to prioritize regular face-to-face meetings (physical or digital) with employees. Employers should provide adequate digital communication tools and training, as well as manager training on mental health and remote work best practices.

Originality/value: The study addresses two major labour market trends: increases in CMD and remote work. It shows that how work is organized significantly affects managers’ ability to support employees with CMD. By doing so, it expands the limited understanding of how workplace context influences leadership and offers insights into managing CMD in both traditional and remote work settings.

© Paula Nordling, Carin Staland-Nyman, Chioma Nwaru, Lisa Björk, Linda Corin and Monica Bertilsson

Purpose: Among the diverse tasks of managers, handling employees with common mental disorders (CMDs) is perceived as particularly challenging. Little is known about the organizational resources that managers use in these situations. The aim of this study was to explore the organizational resources that managers use when handling employees with CMDs and how they experience their use. Methods: An interview study inspired by the critical incident technique was designed. Swedish managers (n = 35) were recruited if they were managers in a private company with at least 50 employees and had experience supporting one or more employees with a CMD in the last 2 years. An incident was defined as a situation when a manager needed to support an employee with a CMD. Results: The analysis revealed managers’ use of seven kinds of resources, and how the resource helped or hindered support to employees: (1) routines and structures; (2) frames for action; (3) training and education; (4) expert functions; (5) safety representatives from worker unions; (6) social support from colleagues and management; (7) interaction with employees. Secondary findings were personal and external resources, widening the study’s organizational focus. Conclusions: This study is one of the first to explore managers’ real-life experiences of the support available in their organization when managing employees with CMDs. Managers’ experiences may help organizations provide structures for the management of individual cases of CMD at work. Resources flexible to the needs of managers in specific situations were experienced as supportive by participants in this study. © The Author(s) 2025.

Background: Mental health problems are common in the working-age population. More knowledge is needed on how to support work participation and reduce sickness absence. The objective of the study was to estimate the distribution of mental well-being and work capacity in women and men in a working population and assess the association between mental well-being and work capacity, while adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and working positions.

Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected through an online survey distributed to individuals who were currently working. The study population consisted of 8462 employees (58% women). The WHO-5 Mental Well-being Index (scale ranging from 0 to 100 with higher scores representing a better mental well-being) and the Capacity to Work Instrument (C2WI) (scale ranging from 14 to 56 with higher scores representing a more strained work capacity) were used. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were used to assess the associations between self-perceived mental well-being and capacity to work, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and working positions.

Results: Low self-perceived mental well-being and strained work capacity were more common among women, particularly younger aged (18-34 years). Poor health status was associated with strained work capacity in both men and women. Regression analyses showed that lower self-perceived mental well-being was significantly associated with strained work capacity. Among women, the fully adjusted model showed a regression coefficient (B) of - 0.253 (95% CI: -0.264 to - 0.242); among men, it was - 0.225 (95% CI: -0.237 to - 0.213).

Conclusions: This study, focusing on a currently working population, identified disparities in self-perceived mental well-being and work capacity across gender and age groups. These findings underscore the importance of early workplace interventions to support mental well-being and work capacity in these sub-groups. Notably, the association between the WHO-5 and C2WI may be partly attributable to item-level overlap, as certain C2WI items may capture symptoms related to mental health. This potential overlap should be considered when interpreting the findings. © 2025. The Author(s).