hh.sePublications
Change search
Refine search result
12 1 - 50 of 92
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Berget, Bente
    et al.
    NORCE, Kristiansand, Norge; Universitetet i Sørøst-Norge, Vestfold, Norge.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Lidfors, Lena
    Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Skara, Sverige.
    Djurens betydelse för människans hälsa2022In: Vård, omsorg och rehabilitering utomhus: teori, praktik och nya perspektiv / [ed] Å. Engström; P. Juuso; M. Liljegren; L. Lundmark Alfredsson, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2022, 1:1, p. 261-283Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 2.
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Experiences of data collection issues in qualitative studies involving people diagnosed with schizophrenia2016In: Abstracts: Narrative Nursing: Nordic Conference Of Mental Health Nursing: 14-16 September 2016, 2016, p. 41-41Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The viewpoint and special needs of individuals with severe mental illness are crucial for the development of mental health nursing. In-depth knowledge of the perspectives of people with schizophrenia is primarily established in dialogue with individuals with experience of the phenomenon investigated. Attaining trustworthiness in the findings in qualitative studies is of great importance and the interview approach used should assure trustworthiness in the data collection at different levels with regard to the perspectives of the individual, which is essential for developing nursing research and practice.

    Aim: The aim of the paper was to describe and discuss the issues related to data collection in qualitative studies involving people diagnosed with schizophrenia.

    Method: Six qualitative interview studies regarding experiences of different aspects of life among people diagnosed with schizophrenia were reflected on and discussed in terms of issues related to data collection involving people with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia (N=75).

    Results: The discussions that generated the results revealed three topics in qualitative studies involving individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia: 1) Selection of research context with respect to participants’ different aspects of life, 2) Sampling issues with regard to judgements of participants’ ability to contribute with information and 3) Choice of data collection methods to meet the aim of the enquiry.

    Conclusion: Three crucial areas in data collection in qualitative studies with individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia were revealed. Further studies regarding sampling procedures and analysis of collected data are needed to ensure trustworthiness of findings regarding interviews involving people with severe mental illness.

  • 3.
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Sandgren, Anna
    Linneaus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    How to facilitate healthy living described by persons with persistent psychiatric disorders in psychiatric out-patient settings – challenging health care professionals2016In: Abstracts: Narrative Nursing: Nordic Conference Of Mental Health Nursing: 14-16 September 2016, 2016, p. 13-13Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Over the previous decades, scientific research has demonstrated that people with persistent mental illness like schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders have a reduced life expectancy and have a higher risk of being affected of preventable physical illnesses such as developing metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Additionally it have made evident for lower quality of life as well. These risk factors make health promoting essential in the care providing and therefore it ́s important for the health professionals to have a deeper knowledge about the facilitating factors to healthy living described by persons themselves.

    Aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of persons affected by persistent mental illness such as schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders what facilitates healthy living in their everyday life. The presentation has the focus on the facilitative factors applying health professionals when providing care for persons in psychiatric out-patient settings.

    Method: The study was carried out in three different psychiatric out-patient settings in the southern Sweden. The data was collected through qualitative interviews (N= 16) and analyses by qualitative, inductive approach abased on Granheim and Lundmans ́ conceptualization of content analysis.

    Results: First, it is essential for persons with persistent and severe mental illness that they get support to bring out their needs to healthier living by having a dialogue about the issues of healthy living in their everyday life. In this dialog they may also need support to reflect and find out their own motivating factors to healthier living. Additionally, in this dialogue it is important to be aware of that they will be regarded as a whole person and include many areas of life like daily structure and social life. The professionals should show a truly involvement and active interest to persons when increasing healthy living.

    Conclusion: Many persons with persistent mental illness need practical support in their everyday life to maintaining healthier living. This requires the close cooperation between psychiatric out-patient settings, the housing support professionals from municipalities and the social services.

  • 4.
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Ivarsson, Andreas
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Sandgren, Anna
    Center for Collaborative Palliative Care, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Health Effects of an Individualized Lifestyle Intervention for People with Psychotic Disorders in Psychiatric Outpatient Services: A Two Year Follow-Up2019In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 40, no 10, p. 839-850Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    People with psychotic disorders experience to a great extent avoidable physical illnesses and early mortality. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential effects for this group of participating in a lifestyle intervention. A multi-component nurse-led lifestyle intervention using quasi-experimental design was performed. Changes in biomedical and clinical measurements, self-reported health, symptoms of illness and health behavior were investigated. Multilevel modeling was used to statistically test differences in changes over time. Statistically significant changes were found in physical activity, HbA1c and waist circumference. A lifestyle intervention for people with severe mental illness can be beneficial for increasing physical activity. © 2019 Blomqvist et al. Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 5.
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Ivarsson, Andreas
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Sport.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Sandgren, Anna
    Linnaeus University, Center for Collaborative Palliative Care , Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Växjö, Sweden.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Health Risks among People with Severe Mental Illness in Psychiatric Outpatient Settings2018In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 39, no 7, p. 585-591Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Life expectancy is greatly reduced in patients with schizophrenia, and cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and to investigate the relationships between self-rated health, sense of coherence, CVD risk, and body mass index (BMI) among people with severe mental illness (SMI) in psychiatric outpatient settings. Nearly 50% of the participants were exposed to moderate/high risk of CVD and over 50% were obese. The results showed no statistically relationships between the subjective and objective measures (Bayes factor <1) of health. The integration of physical health into clinical psychiatric nursing practice is vital. © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

  • 6.
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Ivarsson, Andreas
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Sandgren, Anna
    Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Relationship between Physical Activity and Health Outcomes in Persons with Psychotic Disorders after Participation in a 2-Year Individualized Lifestyle Intervention2023In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 44, no 7, p. 629-638Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    People with psychotic disorders have a significantly increased risk of physical diseases and excessive mortality rates. The aim of the study was to investigate relationships between changes in physical activity, levels of salutogenic health, and glycated hemoglobin among people with psychotic disorders after participation in an individualized lifestyle intervention. The results from analyses showed that self-reported increased physical activity was positively associated with the level of salutogenic health and negatively associated with the level of HbA1c on an individual level. The results indicate that coordinated, individualized, holistic and health-promoting nursing care is crucial to enabling enhanced lifestyle within this vulnerable target group. © 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

  • 7.
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Experiences of methodological issues in qualitative studies involving people with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia2016In: Programme: Second Nordic Conference in Nursing Research, 2016, p. 60-60Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The viewpoint and special needs of individuals with severe mental illness is crucial in development of mental health nursing. In-depth knowledge of the perspectives of people with severe mental illness is primarily established in dialog with individuals experienced in the phenomenon investigated. To reach trustworthiness of findings in qualitative studies is central and the interview approach used should assure trustworthiness in data collection regarding perspectives of the individual essential in developing nursing research and practice.

    Aim: The aim of the paper was to describe and discuss methodological issues related to research interviews involving people with severe and persistent mental illness.

    Method: Five qualitative interview studies regarding experiences of different aspects of life among people with severe mental illness were reflected and discussed regarding methodological issues related to the interview situation involving people with severe and persistent mental illness (N=51).

    Results: The discussions forming the results revealed three crucial topics in qualitative interview studies with individuals with severe mental illness. Use previous experiences of interactions with persons with mental disabilities with an open mind without prejudices. Balance the interviewee’s need of support and encouragement during the interview without manipulating contents of statements. Comprehend the essential meaning in the interviewee’s statements even when statements are short and narrow.

    Discussion: Three crucial topics in qualitative interview studies with individuals with severe mental illness were revealed. Further studies regarding sampling procedures and analysis of collected data are needed to ensure trustworthiness of findings regarding interviews involving people with severe mental illness.

  • 8.
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Sandgren, Anna
    Linneaus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Enabling healthy living: Experiences of people with severe mental illness in psychiatric outpatient services2018In: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1445-8330, E-ISSN 1447-0349, Vol. 27, no 1, p. 236-246Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It is well known that people with severe mental illness have a reduced life expectancy and a greater risk of being affected by preventable physical illnesses such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. There are still, however, only a few published studies focusing on what enables healthy living for this group. This study thus aimed to describe what enables healthy living among people with severe mental illness in psychiatric outpatient services. The data were collected in qualitative interviews (n = 16) and content analysis was used to analyze the data. The interviews resulted in an overall theme "Being regarded as a whole human being by self and others", which showed the multidimensional nature of health and the issues that enable healthy living among people with severe mental illness. Three categories emerged: (i) everyday structure (ii), motivating life events and (iii) support from significant others. The results indicate that a person with severe mental illness needs to be encountered as a whole person if healthy living is to be enabled. Attaining healthy living requires collaboration between the providers of care, help and support. Health care organizations need to work together to develop and provide interventions to enable healthy living and to reduce poor physical health among people with severe mental illness. © 2017 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.

  • 9.
    Cappelen, Helena
    et al.
    Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.
    Ivarsson, Andreas
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    The Effects of an Equine-Assisted Therapeutic Intervention on Well-Being in Persons Diagnosed with Schizophrenia. A Pilot Study2023In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 44, no 2, p. 104-111Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The process of personal recovery among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia may be facilitated through innovative health promotion interventions targeting multidimensional aspects of subjective well-being. The current pilot study aims to test the use of self-rated questionnaires as a means of evaluation of the effects of an equine-assisted intervention for persons diagnosed with schizophrenia. Twenty adults diagnosed with schizophrenia were offered a 12-week EAT intervention performed six times once every 14 days by a licenced mental health nurse. Two validated self-rated questionnaires, HSCL-25 and SHIS were used as outcome measurements at baseline and at post-treatment, additionally the self-rated questionnaire PANAS was completed twice a week starting one week before the 12 week - EAT intervention. Only six of the twenty participants managed to complete the validated questionnaires. Despite the low response rate of approximately 30 %, a significant difference was found between pre and post scores for positive affect and well-being. Effect sizes, ranging from small to large for pre-to-post treatment scores indicated less depression and anxiety, more positive affect, less negative affect, and reinforced well-being. Results suggest that EAT interventions may have beneficial effects among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia and that a varied range of research methods is needed to create a solid evidence base for EAT interventions intended for the target group. © 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

  • 10.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Ethical and methodological issues in qualitative studies involving people with severe and persistent mental illness such as schizophrenia and other psychotic conditions: a critical review2017In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 12, no Sup. 2, article id 1368323Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Undertaking research studies in the field of mental health is essential in mental health nursing. Qualitative research methodologies enable human experiences to become visible and recognize the importance of lived experiences. This paper argues that involving people with schizophrenia in research is critical to promote their health and well-being. The quality of qualitative research needs scrutinizing according to methodological issues such as trustworthiness and ethical standards that are a fundamental part of qualitative research and nursing curricula. The aim of this study was to critically review recent qualitative studies involving people with severe and persistent mental illness such as schizophrenia and other psychotic conditions, regarding descriptions of ethical and methodological issues in data collection and analysis. A search for relevant papers was conducted in three electronic databases, in December 2016. Fifteen qualitative interview studies were included and reviewed regarding methodological issues related to ethics, and data collection and analysis. The results revealed insufficient descriptions of methodology regarding ethical considerations and issues related to recruitment and sampling in qualitative interview studies with individuals with severe mental illness, putting trustworthiness at risk despite detailed descriptions of data analysis. Knowledge from the perspective of individuals with their own experience of mental illness is essential. Issues regarding sampling and trustworthiness in qualitative studies involving people with severe mental illness are vital to counteract the stigmatization of mental illness.

  • 11.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Bräutigam Ewe, Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Nymberg, Peter
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare. Center for Primary Health Care Research, Region Skåne, Helsingborg/Malmö, Skåne, Sweden.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Building up bit by bit, parent's experiences of equine-assisted intervention among children and adolescents with mental illness: a grounded theory study2024In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 19, no 1, article id 2354945Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Mental ill health among children and adolescents has increased worldwide. Mental health difficulties from a young age are associated with school absence and educational underachievement. A holistic perspective of treatments besides medical treatment is essential Thus, there is a need for research regarding equine-assisted intervention (EAI).

    PURPOSE: The present study aimed to understand the outcomes of an equine-assisted intervention for children and adolescents with mental ill health from the perspectives of parents and close relatives.

    METHODS: This study used a qualitative research design informed by Charmaz's Grounded Theory, with a purposive sample including six in-depth interviews.

    RESULTS: The theory "building up bit by bit" was constructed, explaining the recognition that their children/adolescents were built up bit by bit and created a stronger self-identity. The participants referred to changes in the child's or adolescent's way of being and emotional regulation, which constituted building blocks leading to the child's or adolescent's increased Harmony, enhanced Self-identity, and improved Capability.

    CONCLUSION: Parents and close relatives experienced that their child or adolescent was built up bit by bit and gained a stronger foundation to stand on. This led to increased harmony in everyday life with stronger self-worth, better performance, and reduced school absenteeism.

  • 12.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Larsson, Ingrid
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Place and space in relation to childbirth: a critical interpretive synthesis2020In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 15, no sup1, article id 1667143Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In nursing and midwifery, the concept of environment is considered a meta-concept. Research findings suggest that the location is not the only important factor, as both place and space influence the practices of midwives. Moreover, research on the geography of health suggests a connection between place and health that could be extended to reproductive health. Therefore, to move beyond and expand traditional research expressions, it is beneficial to illuminate the concepts of place and space in relation to childbirth.

    Purpose: This study was undertaken to produce a synthesis of previous qualitative research of issues in childbirth in relation to the concepts of place and space.

    Method: In this Critical Interpretive Synthesis (CIS), four electronic databases; CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO and Sociological abstracts, were used for the literature search. In total 734 papers were screened, and 27 papers met the final inclusion criteria after assessment.

    Results: The synthesis reveals a need to create a space for childbirth underpinned by four aspects; a homely space, a spiritual space, a safe space, and a territorial space.

    Conclusion: Findings from this review will provide a basis for useful dialogue in midwifery education and in clinical settings. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 13.
    Dahlqvist Jönsson, Patrik
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare. Department of Research, Development and Education (FoUU), Region of Halland, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Nunstedt, Håkan
    Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Johansson Berglund, Inger
    Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden.
    Hedman Ahlström, Britt
    Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Hedelin, Birgitta
    Department of Nursing, Gjøvik University College, Gjøvik, Norway.
    Skärsäter, Ingela
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Problematization of perspectives on health promotion and empowerment in mental health nursing – within the research network “MeHNuRse” and the Horatio conference, 20122014In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 9, no 1, article id 22945Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mental illness is increasing worldwide, while a trend towards an ever more specialized health care takes place. This development creates great demands on nurses to work from a holistic perspective of nursing. The health perspective emphasizes cooperation and communication with those who suffer from long-term mental illness, focusing on their independence and health. From a health perspective, every human being is an actor in his/her own life with an inherent ability to make their own choices. However, persons who suffer from long-term mental illness are at risk of losing power and control over areas of their lives and their health. Mental health nurses are in position to support these persons in promoting health and to regain control over their lives. The emphasis of this paper is thus to discuss mental health nurses responsibility to provide health promoting nursing care, through interpretation of the concepts of empowerment, emancipation, self-efficacy and self-management how can mental health nurses work from a health-promoting perspective in relation to these concepts. The focus of this paper is the challenge of real health promotion in mental health nursing discussed at a workshop at the European Horatio festival in Stockholm 2012 with over 600 participating mental health nurses and researchers from European countries. © 2014 P. D. Jönsson et al.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 14.
    Doyle, Louise
    et al.
    Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
    Ellilä, Heikki
    Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Lahti, Mari
    Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.
    Higgins, Agnes
    Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
    Keogh, Brian
    Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
    Meade, Oonagh
    University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Sitvast, Jan
    Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Skärsäter, Ingela
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Stickley, Theodore
    University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Kilkku, Nina
    Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland.
    Preparing master-level mental health nurses to work within a wellness paradigm: Findings from the eMenthe project2018In: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1445-8330, E-ISSN 1447-0349, Vol. 27, no 2, p. 823-832Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mental health promotion remains an important component of mental health nursing practice. Supporting wellness at both the individual and societal levels has been identified as one of the key tenets of mental health promotion. However, the prevailing biomedical paradigm of mental health education and practice has meant that many nurses have not been equipped to incorporate a wellness perspective into their mental health practice. In the present study, we report on an exploratory study which details the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required by master-level mental health nurses to practice within a wellness paradigm from the perspective of three groups of key stakeholders: (i) service users and family members (n = 23); (ii) experienced mental health nurses (n = 49); and (iii) master-level mental health nursing students (n = 37). The findings, which were reported from individual and focus group interviews across five European countries, suggested a need to reorientate mental health nursing education to include a focus on wellness and resilience to equip mental health nurses with the skills to work within a strengths-based, rather than a deficits-based, model of mental health practice. Key challenges to working within a wellness paradigm were identified as the prevailing dominance of the biomedical model of cause and treatment of mental health problems, which focusses on symptoms, rather than the holistic functioning of the individual, and positions the person as passive in the nurse-service user relationship. © 2017 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.

  • 15.
    Ellilä, Heikki
    et al.
    Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland.
    Kilkku, Nina
    Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland.
    Callaghan, Patrick
    University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    van Dommelen, Riet
    Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Doyle, Louise
    Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
    Higgins, Agnes
    Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Keogh, Brian
    Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
    van de Sande, Roland
    Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Sitvast, Jan
    Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Skärsäter, Ingela
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Stickley, Theodore
    University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Vuokila-Oikkonen, Päivi
    Diaconia University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland.
    eMenthe: a European co-operation project to enhance Master’s level education in mental health practice with eLearning material2014Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Eriksson, Monica
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Ekström‐Bergström, Anette
    Department of Health Sciences University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Arvidsson, Susann
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Thorstensson, Stina
    School of Health and Education University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
    Åström, Ulrica
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Lundgren, Ingela
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Department of Health Sciences University West, Trollhättan, Sweden; VID University, Bergen, Norway; UiT Harstad, Harstad, Norway.
    Meaning of wellness in caring science based on Rodgers's evolutionary concept analysis2024In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 38, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Wellness is a holistic, multidimensional, and process-oriented property on a continuum. It has been used interchangeably with and is undifferentiated from concepts such as health and well-being without an in-depth clarification of its theoretical foundations and a reflection on its meaning. The concept of wellness is frequently used, but its definition remains unclear.

    Aim: To conceptually and theoretically explore the concept of wellness to contribute to a deeper understanding in caring science.

    Method: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was applied to the theoretical investigation of data from publications of international origins. The focus was on antecedents, attributes, consequences, surrogate and related terms, and contextual references. A literature search was performed through a manual review of reference lists and an online search in CINAHL and PubMed via EBSCO, and in ProQuest. Abstracts were examined to identify relevant studies for further review. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed papers in English; papers published in scientific journals using the surrogate terms ‘wellness’, ‘health’, ‘health care’, and ‘health care and wellness’; and papers discussing and/or defining the concept of wellness. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria.

    Results: Based on the findings from this concept analysis, a definition of wellness was developed: ‘a holistic and multidimensional concept represented on a continuum of being well that goes beyond health’. Implications for nursing practice were correspondingly presented.

    Conclusion: Wellness is defined as a holistic and comprehensive multidimensional concept represented on a continuum of being well, that goes beyond health. It calls attention by applying the salutogenic perspective to health promotion in caring science. It is strongly related to individual lifestyle and health behaviour and is frequently used interchangeably with health and well-being without an in-depth clarification of its theoretical foundation. © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 17.
    Fridén, Linda
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Hultsjö, Sally
    Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden; Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Lydell, Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Experiences of a Therapeutic Equine-Assisted Group Intervention for People with Common Mental Disorders on Sick-Leave2024In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 45, no 3, p. 344-351Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Common mental disorders such as anxiety, depression and stress-related disorders are increasing worldwide, resulting in long-term sick leave and lower quality of life. Traditional treatment is often insufficient to facilitate the recovery process, and the need for holistic interventions that enable successful recovery is evident. Equine-assisted interventions have shown promising results in health promotion among people with mental disorders, and further research is needed to implement them within the range of available care. The aim of the study is therefore to describe experiences of a therapeutic equine-assisted group intervention for people with common mental disorders on sick leave. The study has a descriptive qualitative design with an inductive approach. Ten participants with common mental disorders on sick leave were interviewed after participating in a 12-week equine-assisted intervention and the data were analysed with conventional content analysis. The analysis generated the overall theme “The equine-assisted group intervention facilitates recovery,” which summons the four categories “The environment of the horses contributes to relaxation and an ability to be in the present,” “The presence of the horses facilitates supportive relationships in the group,” “Interplay with the horses entails physical activity and bodily improvements” and “Emotional interactions with the horses strengthen inner power.” In conclusion, equine-assisted interventions have the potential to facilitate recovery for people with common mental disorders by providing relaxation, promoting the ability to be in the present, cultivating supportive relationships and providing physical activity and bodily improvements as well as emotional interactions that strengthen the participants’ inner power. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

  • 18.
    Fridén, Linda
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Hultsjö, Sally
    Region Jönköping, Jönköping, Sweden; Linköpings universitet, Linköping, Sweden.
    Lydell, Marie
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Närståendes bidrag till professionellt lärande i en hästunderstödd intervention för personer med psykos2022In: Abstractshäfte: Häst och lärande - ett område under utveckling. Det Fjärde Nordiska Forskningsseminariet om Hästunderstödda Insatser 16-17 september 2022 på Stall Kungsgården, Drottningholm, 2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Personer med psykossjukdom saknar ofta sociala kontexter och stöd vad gäller möjligheterna att leva ett hälsosamt och meningsfullt liv och de kan ha svårigheter att delta i hälsofrämjande interventioner. Hästunderstödda interventioner har i tidigare studier påvisat positiv påverkan på personer med psykossjukdom i form av till exempel hästarnas lugnande effekt, känslan av att vara normal, bättre självkänsla och ökad fysisk aktivitet. Närstående har ofta en nära kontakt och insikt kring det dagliga livet för deras familjemedlemmar med psykossjukdom och har därför ofta stor insikt i deras förmågor och hälsotillstånd varvid deras erfarenheter kan bidra till professionellt lärande och kunskap om vad som påverkar deras liv.Syfte: Studiens syfte var att beskriva närståendes erfarenheter av en hästunderstödd intervention för personer med psykossjukdom.  Metod: Studien hade en kvalitativ och deskriptiv design där 10 närstående till personer med psykossjukdom intervjuats. Data analyserades med hjälp av en konventionell innehållsanalys.  Resultat: I resultatet framkom en övergripande kategori "Att vara med hästarna stärker hälso-förmågor" som sammanfattar de fyra subkategorierna "Hästarna bidrar till ett sammanhang med gemensamt fokus, "Interaktion med hästarna stärker självkänslan och motivation", "Samspelet med hästarna väcker positiva känslor" och "Att vara med hästarna uppmuntrar till fysisk aktivitet".  Konklusion: Resultatet av denna studie bidrar till den växande andel studier som indikerar att det finns positiva effekter av häst understödda interventioner och att hälsoförmågor hos personer med psykossjukdom har potential att förbättras efter att ha deltagit. Resultatet bidrar till professionellt lärande och ökad kunskap vid vidareutveckling av hästunderstödda interventioner för personer med psykisk ohälsa.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 19.
    Fridén, Linda
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Hultsjö, Sally
    Department of Psychiatry, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden; Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Lydell, Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Relatives’ experiences of an equine-assisted intervention for people with psychotic disorders2022In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 17, no 1, article id 2087276Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe relatives’ experiences of an equine-assisted intervention for people with psychotic disorders.

    Methods: The study has a qualitative and descriptive design. Ten semi-structured interviews were performed with relatives of people with a psychotic disorder who had participated in an equine-assisted intervention. A conventional content analysis was used to analyse the data.

    Result: The overall category “Being with the horses strengthens health capabilities” summarizes the four identified subcategories “The horses contribute to a context with a common focus”, “Interaction with the horses enhances self-confidence and motivation”, “The interplay with the horses nurtures positive emotions” and “Being with the horses encourages physical activity”.

    Conclusions: The result of this study contributes to the growing body of research about the potential outcomes of equine-assisted interventions. The result also indicates that equine-assisted interventions may improve health capabilities among people with psychotic disorders. The generated knowledge may be useful in mental health services when developing equine-assisted interventions. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Gabrielsson, Sebastian
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Tuvesson, Hanna
    Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Wiklund Gustin, Lena
    School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden & Department of Health and Care Sciences, UIT/The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Positioning Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing as a Transformative Force in Health Care2020In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 41, no 11, p. 976-984Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    From the perspective of psychiatric and mental health nurses in Sweden, this discussion paper aims to position psychiatric and mental health nursing as a transformative force contributing to enforcing person-centered values and practices in health care. We argue the potential impact of psychiatric and mental health nursing on service user health and recovery, nursing student education and values, and the organization and management of health care. Psychiatric and mental health nursing is discussed as a caring, reflective, and therapeutic practice that promotes recovery and health. Implications for nursing education, research, management, and practice are outlined. © 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

  • 21.
    Hallén, Malin
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), The Wigforss Group.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Covering Mental Illness – Journalistic Views and Perspectives on Scientific Uncertainty and Social Stigma in News Media2016In: ECREA 2016 Abstract Book, Prague: Czech-In , 2016, p. 573-573Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The news media are one of the most important public sources of information on psychiatric disorders. However, research on news media content has established that journalistic coverage of mental illness is largely characterized by inaccuracies, exaggerations, and misinformation. Studies consistently show that both entertainment and news media provide overwhelmingly dramatic and distorted images of mental illness that emphasize dangerousness, criminality and unpredictability. According to previous research, newspapers might even contribute to mental illness stigma through negative news content. For example, insufficient stories on recovery may promote the belief that mental illness cannot be treated effectively. Also, news media can contribute to the maintaining of mental illness stigma by negative portrayals of individuals with these illnesses, making them vulnerable to social rejection and discrimination. Research on journalistic coverage of mental illness has also problematized the tendency to use incorrect or inappropriate language, thus devaluing the degree of scientific accuracy (for example, the incorrect or careless use of psychiatric terms). There is also a significant tendency to overestimate the explanatory value of genetics regarding the causes of mental illnesses and methods of treatment. There is a need for more research on how news about mental illness is produced, for example, what resources reporters use in covering stories and how reporters select, frame, and develop stories. Further, little information exists on how journalists overcome barriers to quality health reporting, for example, lack of time, lack of space, and commercialism. This paper analyzes journalistic views and perspectives regarding mental illness and the news media coverage of issues regarding mental illness. In particular, challenges in reporting scientific issues such as causes of mental disorders and their treatments will be focused. This study is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with 8 journalists from Swedish metropolitan newspapers. The interview protocol served the function of “wide” questions for the purposes of allowing respondents to generate their own key terms. The journalists were chosen based on a newspaper article database search (focusing mental health issues), and the most frequent journalists in the article sample were contacted by email. The interviews were conducted by phone between February and March 2016 and were audio recorded. The journalists interviewed were initially asked to reflect upon different issues regarding mental illness; possible causes, different diagnosis, chances of recovery etc. Thereafter the interview focused the journalists view on media coverage of mental illness with special focus on news media, eg perspectives/bias in the journalistic representations, absent theories/approaches, choice of sources, strategies for research, journalistic work routines and procedures, most difficult challenges and journalistic responsibilities. Finally, they were asked to reflect upon possible changes in public attitudes and opinions regarding mental illness over the last few decades and the potential role of the news media in such a development.

  • 22.
    Hansson, Lars
    et al.
    Lunds Universitet.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Svedberg, Petra
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Svensson, Bengt
    Lunds Universitet.
    Mental health professionals’ attitudes towards people with mental illness: Do they differ from attitudes held by people with mental illness?2011In: International Journal of Social Psychiatry, ISSN 0020-7640, E-ISSN 1741-2854Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS: Studies investigating mental health professionals' attitudes towards people with mental illness are scarce and there is a lack of comparative studies including both patients' and mental health professionals' attitudes. The aim of the present study was to investigate mental health staff's attitudes towards people with mental illness and compare these with the attitudes of patients in contact with mental health services. A further aim was to relate staff attitudes to demographic and work characteristics.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed including 140 staff and 141 patients. The study included a random sample of outpatients in contact with mental health services in the southern part of Sweden and staff working in these services. Attitudes were investigated using a questionnaire covering beliefs of devaluation and discrimination of people with a mental illness.

    RESULTS: Negative attitudes were prevalent among staff. Most negative attitudes concerned whether an employer would accept an application for work, willingness to date a person who had been hospitalized, and hiring a patient to take care of children. Staff treating patients with a psychosis or working in inpatient settings had the most negative attitudes. Patient attitudes were overall similar to staff attitudes and there were significant differences in only three out of 12 dimensions. Patients' most negative attitudes were in the same area as the staff's.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study points to the suggestion that mental health care staff may hold negative attitudes and beliefs about people with mental illness with tentative implications for treatment of the patient and development and implementation of evidence-based services. Since patients and staff in most respects share these beliefs, it is essential to develop interventions that have an impact on both patients and staff, enabling a more recovery-oriented staff-patient relationship.

  • 23.
    Hedelin, Birgitta
    et al.
    Karlstad Universitet.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Svedberg, Petra
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Hälsobegreppet: synen på hälsa och sjuklighet2014In: Omvårdnadens grunder: perspektiv och förhållningssätt / [ed] Febe Friberg & Joakim Öhlén, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2014, 2, p. 361-385Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Hedelin, Birgitta
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Karlstad, Sverige.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Group for Research on health promotion and disease prevention.
    Svedberg, Petra
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Group for Research on health promotion and disease prevention.
    Hälsobegreppet: synen på hälsa och sjuklighet2009In: Omvårdnadens grunder: Perspektiv och förhållningssätt / [ed] Febe Friberg & Joakim Öhlén, Lund: Studentlitteratur, 2009, p. 237-260Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Sjuksköterskan har en unik och central ställning för att genomföra hälsofrämjande arbete. Forskning visar dock att sjuksköterskor i klinisk verksamhet inte alltid är medvetna om att det övergripande målet med omvårdnaden är att stärka patientens hälsa. Fokus i omvårdnaden ligger i stället till stor del på att medverka i behandling av sjukdom. Förståelsen för hur patienten uppfattar sin situation och förmedlar sina behov för att stärka sin hälsa får ofta en mindre framträdande roll. För att omvårdnaden ska bli mer hälsofrämjande behövs ökad kunskap om vad hälsa och hälsofrämjande insatser innebär för den enskilde individen men också för olika grupper i befolkningen. Forskning om hälsofrämjande omvårdnad fokuserar ofta på att förebygga sjukdom. Därför behövs forskning som syftar till att öka hälsofokus i omvårdnaden, både vad det gäller utveckling av grundläggande perspektiv liksom kliniska strategier och modeller för hälsofrämjande omvårdnad på alla nivåer – på såväl individ-, grupp- som samhällsnivån.

  • 25.
    Holmqvist, Gärd
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Larsson, Ingrid
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Lundqvist Persson, Cristina
    Skaraborg Institute for Research and Development, Skövde, Sweden.
    Women’s experiences of change through art therapy2017In: Arts and Health, ISSN 1753-3015, E-ISSN 1753-3023, Vol. 9, no 3, p. 199-212Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Art therapy is based on the conception that image making in a therapeutic context may facilitate processes of change.

    Methods: A semi-structured interview with focus on the image was conducted with 17 women in order to explore change, after which a qualitative content analysis was performed.

    Results: The women experienced internal change as a sudden, unexpected turning point or as a more gradual process, although some reported no internal change whatsoever. Five themes reflecting the women’s experiences of what was important for internal change emerged: Trust in the therapist, Belief in the method, Creative impulse, Meaning of the image and The art therapy process.

    Conclusions: Art therapy may contribute to change in the sense of moving from an inadequate to a healthier state. Even when art therapy does not lead to internal change it may be supportive and provide short-term help in everyday life.

    © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

  • 26.
    Hultsjö, Sally
    et al.
    Department of Psychiatry, Region Jönköping, Jönköping, Sweden; Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), The Wigforss Group.
    The Role of the Horse in an Equine-Assisted Group Intervention-as Conceptualized by Persons with Psychotic Conditions2022In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 43, no 3, p. 201-208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adopting positive health interventions is necessary to promote self-image, improve well-being, support meaningful social interaction and reduce loneliness, with benefits for psychological and physical health for persons with psychotic conditions. Raised awareness of the potential benefits of involving horses in these kinds of interventions is warranted. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the role of the horse in equine-assisted interventions (EAI) as conceptualized among persons with psychotic conditions. Interviews were conducted with eight persons with psychotic conditions who had participated in an EAI, and data were analyzed following conventional qualitative content analysis. The results illustrate how the horse united the group and facilitated personal maturity both at a group level and at a personal level. In the group the horse facilitated interaction and became a healthy and normal topic of discussion. The interaction between the horse and others helped the participants to become aware of and reflect on behaviors of oneself and of others. At an individual level, the horse helped to develop participants’ identities and growth by offer mutual friendship. With its size and calming way of being, the horse evoked a healing power among participants who identified characteristics of themselves in the horse. Through its clear body language and communication, the horse facilitated personal maturity and development among the participants that would not have occurred without the horse’s presence.  © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

  • 27.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Att förebygga kroppslig ohälsa i psykiatrisk hälso- och sjukvård – den specialistutbildade psykiatrisjuksköterskans ansvar2013In: Omvårdnad på avancerad nivå: Kärnkompetenser inom sjuksköterskans specialistområden / [ed] A-K. Edberg, A. Ehrenberg, F. Friberg, L. Wallin, H. Wijk & J. Öhlén, Lund, 2013Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 28.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Attitudes towards health among patients and staff in mental health services: a comparison of ratings of importance of different items of health2010In: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, ISSN 0933-7954, E-ISSN 1433-9285, Vol. 45, no 2, p. 225-231Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    In mental health services, the concept of health is often perceived, from a biomedical perspective, as the absence of disease, involving several negative consequences together with a lack of systematic health-promoting activities. The subjective experiences of health among patients in mental health services are crucial to reinforce the experience of health throughout different phases of life. Positive dimensions of health include interaction between the individual and the environment, subjective experience of individual power as well as possibilities to influence important aspects of the life situation. The aim of the study was to describe and compare attitudes to health among patients and staff in mental health services in terms of the importance of health as measured by the attitude version of the Health Questionnaire.

    METHODS:

    A cross-sectional study including a randomly selected sample of 141 outpatients in contact with the mental health services and 140 mental health staff was performed.

    RESULTS:

    Patients and staff share most attitudes towards health, which indicates that health is a concept that applies to human beings irrespective of mental disease in the context of mental health services.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    The possibility to be able to define, measure, and compare positive dimensions of health may be important in the attempts to divert the focus towards one that promotes health and resources in mental health services and away from one on illness and deficits.

  • 29.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Dimensions of Health among Patients in Mental Health Services2007Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Empirical studies focusing on the subjective experience of health among patients in contact with the mental health services are rare and most questionnaires are based on a medical model that emphasizes objectively observed disease-oriented health indicators. In studies I and II perceptions of the concept of health among patients and nurses in mental health services were explored and described using a phenomenographic approach. The perceptions and description categories that emerged from these studies were transformed into a number of items forming a questionnaire intended to measure subjectively experienced health among patients in mental health services. In study III, a randomly selected sample was used to test the psychometric properties of the new Health Questionnaire. A factor analysis revealed three factors labelled Autonomy, Social Involvement and Comprehensibility. The purpose of study IV was to examine the construct validity of the Health Questionnaire. The hypothesis was that subjectively experienced health would be positively associated to self-esteem, empowerment and quality of life, and negatively associated to psychiatric symptoms, perceived stigmatization experiences and perceived attitudes of devaluation and discrimination. This hypothesis was mainly confirmed insofar that overall health was positively correlated to self-esteem, empowerment and quality of life and negatively correlated to symptoms, attitudes of devaluation and discrimination and rejection experiences. The results of this thesis show that health is more than just an absence of disease and support a focus on health promotion interventions in mental health care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Dimensions of Health among Patients in Mental Health Services
  • 30.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Dimensions of Health among Patients in Mental Health Services2010In: Nordic Conference of Mental Health Nursing, The Role of Nursing in the Process of Recovery: Global Perspectives, Helsinki: Finnish Nurses Association , 2010, p. 47-47Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Empirical studies focusing on the subjective experience of health among patients in contact with the mental health services has been rare and questionnaires used to assess outcome of care are often based on a medical model that emphasizes objectively observed disease-oriented health indicators.

    Method: In studies I and II perceptions of the concept of health among patients and nurses in mental health services were explored and described using a phenomenographic approach. The perceptions and description categories that emerged from these studies were transformed into a number of items forming a questionnaire intended to measure subjectively experienced health among patients in mental health services. In study III, a randomly selected sample was used to test the psychometric properties of the new Health Questionnaire. A factor analysis revealed three factors labelled Autonomy, Social Involvement and Comprehensibility. The purpose of study IV was to examine the construct validity of the Health Questionnaire. The hypothesis was that subjectively experienced health would be positively associated to self-esteem, empowerment and quality of life, and negatively associated to psychiatric symptoms, perceived stigmatization experiences and perceived attitudes of devaluation and discrimination.

    Results: This hypothesis was mainly confirmed insofar that overall health was positively correlated to self-esteem, empowerment and quality of life and negatively correlated to symptoms, attitudes of devaluation and discrimination and rejection experiences. The results of this thesis show that health is more than just absence of disease and support a focus on health promotion interventions in mental health care.

  • 31.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Hälsa i psykiatrisk omvårdnad: autonomi, gemenskap och meningsfulla handlingar2006In: Psykiatrisk omvårdnad: att stödja hälsofrämjande processer / [ed] Barbro Arvidsson & Ingela Skärsäter, Lund: Studentlitteratur , 2006, p. 21-37Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Hälsa och hälsofrämjande arbete i psykiatrisk omvårdnad2019In: Vårdande vid psykisk ohälsa: På avancerad nivå / [ed] Lena Wiklund Gustin, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2019, 3, p. 155-175Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 33.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Kartläggning av suicid i Varberg under år 20102011Report (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    Kartläggning av suicid i Varberg under år 2010
  • 34.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Perceptions of the concept of health among nurses working in mental health services: A phenomenographic study2006In: Proceeding of the 4th Nordic Interdisciplinary Conference on Qualitataive Methods in the Service of health / [ed] Lillemor Hallberg, Taylor & Francis Group, 2006, p. 19-19Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    A new understanding of the concept of health is needed to meet the goal of mental health nursing, which besides reducing disease is to strengthen the patient’s health.

    Aim

    To describe perceptions of the concept of health among nurses working in mental health services.

    Methods

    The present study had a descriptive qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach. Phenomenography has been developed over the last 25 years based on research findings in the area of learning within higher education, and distinguishes between the actual state of something and how it is perceived. Perceptions often represent something that is implicit, and barely can be verbalized because it has not previously been reflected upon even though it fosters most actions of the individual. Twelve Swedish nurses working in mental health services were interviewed and data were analysed with a phenomenographic approach. The approach was chosen to ascertain the qualitative variations in the participants’ perceptions of the concept of health.

    Results

    The nurses expressed ten perceptions, which constituted three description categories: autonomy, process and participation. The result showed that health explicitly was described as more than absence of disease. Simultaneously perceptions were expressed indicating that health was perceived as absence of disease, which implies that the concept is not sufficiently defined.

    Conclusions

    The result emphasizes the need to clarify the concept of health if it is to be used as a goal in mental health nursing and to integrate a clarified definition of health at all hierarchical levels in mental health services.

  • 35.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Perspectives on health and well-being in human vulnerability2016In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 11, article id 31477Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As a guest editor of the special edition of the International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being I would like to present seven designated articles. The current thematic cluster represents qualitative research illustrating the challenges in supporting the central aspects of health and wellbeing for individuals in various situations linked to human vulnerability. This theme cluster will provide the reader with a new and greater understanding of the inner meaning of vulnerability and greater insights into how health and well-being, achieved through different forms of support and care, can enhance empowerment in spite of obstacles such as illness, disease, impairment, old or young age, or gender. Different kinds of qualitative methodologies have been used to elucidate the phenomenon of vulnerability. Data collection procedures vary from qualitative interviews and diaries to focus group interviews. Qualitative content analysis, phenomenographical approach, and grounded theory are used to analyse the data in the different studies. The common denominator for the included articles is the commitment of the authors to impart knowledge in terms of greater understanding of the core aspects of health and well-being among humans in different vulnerable situations. © 2016 H. Jormfeldt.

  • 36.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Perspectives on health and well-being in nursing2014In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 9, no 1, article id 23026Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    As a Guest Editor of the International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being’s special edition on perspectives on health and well-being in nursing, it is my wish to present four original articles embracing some essential core aspects of nursing science irrespective of their specialization. They represent different aspects of qualitative research that focus on; the challenge of integrating core concepts of health into mental health nursing praxis, the experiences in psychiatric rehabilitation from the perspective of both patients and their relatives, and the nurses’ experiences of giving support to patients during the transition to hospital-bound hemodialysis. The common basis for the articles is the authors’ ambition to generate nursing knowledge in terms of core elements for the provision of health and well-being among individuals with a need for nursing care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 37. Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Psykiatrisjuksköterskan central för hälsofrämjande insatser vid psykiska funktionsnedsättningar2013In: Psyche: Psykiatriska riksföreningen för sjuksköterskors tidskrift, ISSN 0283-3468, no 3, p. 10-11Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Psykiatrisjuksköterskor har en viktig uppgift i att samordna förebyggande och hälsofrämjande insatser och underlätta patientens delaktighet och motivation i sitt eget hälsoarbete. Den specialistutbildade sjuksköterskan har de kunskaper som krävs för att stödja och bistå patienter att tillägna sig och behålla en sund livsstil.

  • 38. Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Psykiatrisjuksköterskans specialistkompetens nödvändig för patientsäkerhet, vårdkvalitet och effektivitet i psykiatrisk vård2009In: Psyche, ISSN 0283-3468, no 5, p. 10-12Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Med anledning av Utredningen om trygghet och säkerhet för individen - behörighet för personal i hälso- och sjukvård och socialtjänst ( S 2009:02) samt Högskoleverkets uppdrag från Utbildningsdepartementet att föreslå hur specialistsjuksköterskeexamen bör utformas för att skapa förutsättningar för att utbildningen ska kunna följa kunskapsutvecklingen inom vården samt föreslå hur förändringar av befintliga inriktningar och införande av nya inriktningar bör hanteras (U2009/3072/UH) bjöd Svensk sjuksköterskeförening och Vårdförbundet torsdagen den 22 oktober in representanter från de olika specialistsjuksköterskeföreningarna till en dag med information om dessa båda utredningar och dialog om förväntningar, funderingar och eventuella krav på en framtida specialistkompetens utifrån de olika specialistområdena. 

  • 39. Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Salutogenes i psykiatrisk vård – psykiatrisjuksköterskans utmaning2011In: Psyche, ISSN 0283-3468, no 2, p. 10-11Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 40.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Supporting positive dimensions of health - the challenge for mental health nurses2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Supporting positive dimensions of health, challenges in mental health care2011In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 6, no 2, p. 7126-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper will explore two contrasting paradigms in mental health care and their relationship to evidence-based practice. The biomedical perspective of pathogenesis and the health perspective of salotogenesis are two major diverse views in mental health care. Positive dimensions of health are traditionally viewed as software not suitable for statistical analysis, while absence of symptoms of disease are regarded as measurable and suitable for statistical analysis and appropriate as a foundation of evidence-based practice. If the main goal of mental health care is to enhance subjectively experienced health among patients, it will not be sufficient to evaluate absence of symptoms of disease as a measure of quality of care. The discussion focuses on the paradox of evidence-based absence of illness and disease versus subjectively experienced health and well-being as criterions of quality of care in mental health care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 42.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    The scientific position of Qualitative studies: Comprehensive understanding of health and well-being2019In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 14, no 1, article id 1667661Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Traditionellt sjukdomsfokus och nya psykosociala riktlinjer – var finns psykiatrisjuksköterskan?2012In: Psyche : psykiatrisk vårdtidskrift, ISSN 0283-3468, no 1, p. 18-21Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 44.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Arvidsson, Barbro
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Svensson, Bengt
    Lunds universitet.
    Hansson, Lars
    Lunds Universitet.
    Construct validity of a health questionnaire intended to measure the subjective experience of health among patients in mental health services2008In: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1351-0126, E-ISSN 1365-2850, Vol. 15, no 3, p. 238-245Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mental health services have been lacking systematic health-promoting activities, and health is often perceived as the absence of disease from a biomedical perspective. It is vital to develop methods to assess perceived health among patients in a broader perspective. The aim of the study was to investigate construct validity of a newly developed health questionnaire intended to measure subjectively experienced health among patients in mental health services. A cross-sectional study, including a randomly selected sample of 139 outpatients in contact with the mental health services, was performed in order to explore the relationship between perceived health and self-reported levels of self-esteem, symptoms, empowerment, quality of life and experiences of stigmatization. Self-esteem, symptoms, empowerment and quality of life altogether accounted for 70% of the variation in overall perceived health. Overall perceived health showed positive associations to self-esteem, empowerment and quality of life and negative associations to psychiatric symptoms, discrimination and rejection experiences. The findings suggest that perceived health as measured by the health questionnaire can be a meaningful and valid construct that may be useful for measuring health in clinical mental healthcare practice and in mental health services research.

  • 45.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Brunt, David
    Linnaeus University, School of Health and Caring Sciences, Växjö, Sweden.
    Rask, Mikael
    Linnaeus University, School of Health and Caring Sciences, Växjö, Sweden.
    Bengtsson, Agneta
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
    Svedberg, Petra
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Staffs’ experiences of a person-centered health education group intervention for people with a persistent mental illness2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patient education in mental health care is a conventional intervention to increase patients' knowledge about their illness and treatment. A provider-centered focus in patient education may put patients in a passive role, which can counteract their processes of recovery. There is an increasing emphasis on recovery-oriented practice, an approach that is aligned with the service user perspective, but little is known about health care staff's perspectives on person-centered mental health care. A qualitative approach was used to describe staff's experiences of being group leaders in a person-centered health education intervention in municipal services for persons with a persistent mental illness. The analysis of staff experiences revealed three core categories: (1) implications of the division of responsibility among local authorities, (2) awareness of facilitating factors of growth, and (3) the meaning of dialogue. These formed the theme Preconditions for Person-Centered Care. Further research is required to explore larger economic, political, and social structures as backdrops to person-centered mental health care, from the perspective of service users, families, health professionals, and the community at large. © 2013 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.

  • 46.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Brunt, David
    Linnaeus University, School of Health and Caring Sciences, Växjö, Sweden .
    Rask, Mikael
    Linnaeus University, School of Health and Caring Sciences, Växjö, Sweden .
    Bengtsson, Agneta
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
    Svedberg, Petra
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Staffs’ experiences of a person-centered health education group intervention for people with a persistent mental illness.2013In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 34, no 7, p. 488-496Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patient education in mental health care is a conventional intervention to increase patients' knowledge about their illness and treatment. A provider-centered focus in patient education may put patients in a passive role, which can counteract their processes of recovery. There is an increasing emphasis on recovery-oriented practice, an approach that is aligned with the service user perspective, but little is known about health care staff's perspectives on person-centered mental health care. A qualitative approach was used to describe staff's experiences of being group leaders in a person-centered health education intervention in municipal services for persons with a persistent mental illness. The analysis of staff experiences revealed three core categories: (1) implications of the division of responsibility among local authorities, (2) awareness of facilitating factors of growth, and (3) the meaning of dialogue. These formed the theme Preconditions for Person-Centered Care. Further research is required to explore larger economic, political, and social structures as backdrops to person-centered mental health care, from the perspective of service users, families, health professionals, and the community at large. © 2013 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.

  • 47.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Equine-assisted therapeutic interventions among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia2018In: Programme and Abstract book: Horatio European Congress in the Faroe Islands 2018, 2018, p. 45-45Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Persons diagnosed with schizophrenia are not sufficiently offered health promotion interventions, notwithstanding their increased risk of bodily ill health. Physical activity is found to improve health and decrease psychiatric symptoms although, there is a challenge to motivate and increase physical activity in people with schizophrenia and innovative evidence-based treatment interventions are needed. The aim was to systematically review studies concerning equine assisted interventions among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. The findings of the six included articles indicate that therapeutic equine assisted interventions could be beneficial for individuals with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia or schizophrenia like disorders.

  • 48.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), The Wigforss Group.
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Equine-Assisted Therapeutic Interventions Among Individuals Diagnosed With Schizophrenia. A Systematic Review2018In: Issues in Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 0161-2840, E-ISSN 1096-4673, Vol. 39, no 8, p. 647-656Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Persons diagnosed with schizophrenia are not sufficiently offered health promotion interventions, notwithstanding their increased risk of bodily ill health. Physical activity is found to improve health and decrease psychiatric symptoms although, there is a challenge to motivate and increase physical activity in people with schizophrenia and innovative evidence-based treatment interventions are needed. The aim was to systematically review studies concerning equine assisted interventions among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. The findings of the six included articles indicate that therapeutic equine assisted interventions could be beneficial for individuals with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia or schizophrenia like disorders.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 49.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Carlsson, Ing-Marie
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Blomqvist, Marjut
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Methodological Issues in Qualitative Studies Involving People with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness2019In: Welcome to the Conference "Developing Dialogue": Programme and Abstract book, 2019, p. 44-45Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Nursing.
    Doyle, Louise
    School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
    Ellilä, Heikki
    University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.
    Lahti, Mari
    University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.
    Higgins, Agnes
    School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
    Keogh, Brian
    School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
    Meade, Oonagh
    School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England.
    Stickley, Theodore
    University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Sitvast, Jan
    University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Skärsäter, Ingela
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Kilkku, Nina
    University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland.
    Master’s level mental health nursing competencies, a prerequisite for equal health among service users in mental health care2018In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 13, no S1, article id 1502013Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This discussion paper aims to explore the need of a clarified definition of master’s level mental health nursing competencies in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes in a European context. Mental health service users have, in spite of their right to equal overall health, higher rates of physical illness and are more likely to experience premature death than the general population. Implementation of a holistic concept of health comprising mental, physical and social aspects of health in mental health services has previously proved to be challenging. Methods: Master’s level mental health nursing competencies in recent literature are discussed and illuminated in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to enable the promotion of equal overall health among service users in mental health services. Results: The discussion show contents, values and utility of master’s level mental health nursing competencies in mental health services and contribute to reduced role ambiguity by distinguishing master’s level responsibilities from undergraduate nursing tasks and obligations of other professionals in mental health care. Conclusion: This discussion paper shapes implications for developments in master’s level mental health nursing education curricula. © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

12 1 - 50 of 92
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf