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  • 1.
    Ahlström, Britt Hedman
    et al.
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Skärsäter, Ingela
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Danielson, Ella
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Living with major depression: experiences from families' perspectives2009In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 23, no 2, p. 309-316Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to describe the ways of living with major depression in families. Seven families with an adult member who suffered major depression participated, in all 18 participants. Data were collected from seven narrative group interviews, one with each family. A qualitative thematic content analysis was used and the text was coded according to its content and further interpreted into themes. Findings consist of five themes: 'Being forced to relinquish control of everyday life'; during depression the family members lost their energy and could not manage everyday life. 'Uncertainty and instability are affecting life'; everyday life in the families was unstable and emotions influenced the atmosphere. 'Living on the edge of the community': the families periodically lived in seclusion. 'Everyday life becomes hard'; everyday life was demanding for everyone in the family and the responsibility shifted between family members. 'Despite everything a way out can be found'; the families as a unit as well as individually had their own ways of coping and finding some kind of satisfaction within the bounds of possibility. The families' experiences were demanding. Children were aware of their parent's depression and were involved in managing everyday life and emotionally affected by the situation. This legitimates the need for nurses and other healthcare professionals to have a family's perspective on the whole situation and to include partners as well as children and take their experiences seriously when supporting and guiding a family. It is important to develop strategies which in particular include children in the planning, provision and receiving of care as well as unburden them with the responsibility. It is also important to support the family in their own coping strategies with a major depressive episode.

  • 2.
    Arvidsson, Barbro
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Baigi, Amir
    Department of Primary Health Care, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden.
    Skärsäter, Ingela
    Faculty of Health and Caring Sciences, Institute of Nursing, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sweden.
    Changes in the effects of process-oriented group supervision as reported by female and male nursing students: a prospective longitudinal study2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 22, no 3, p. 437-444Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to perform a large-scale investigation over a longer period of time, to evaluate changes in the effects of process-oriented group supervision (PGS) as reported by female and male nursing students undergoing a 3-year nursing education. The study included nursing students (n = 183) who were followed during their 3-year study period in relation to their participation in PGS.

    Methods:

    A questionnaire consisting of three subscales: supportive (six items), educational (six items) and developmental (six items) as well as three items of a socio-demographic character (age, gender and previous experience of healthcare work) was used. Student’s t-test was conducted to compare the educational, supportive and developmental subscales between the first and third year.

    Results:

    Females had a significant increase in the educational subscale (p = 0.018) over the 3-year study period, while no such difference was found for the males (p = 0.733). The female students also exhibited an increase in the supportive subscale (p = 0.031) over the 3-year period, while there was no difference for the male students (p = 0.426). There was also an increase in the developmental subscale for the female students over the 3-year period (p = 0.047) but no significant difference for their male counterparts (p = 0.912). For the study group as a whole, an increased positive effect of supervision was observed in the educational subscale (p = 0.020).

    Conclusions:

    The findings have strengthened the argument for the use of PGS in nursing education. To achieve the goal of PGS, which is supportive, educational and developmental in nature, it is important to bear in mind that the supervision needs of women and men can differ. Further research should therefore map out the supervisees’ experiences and expectations of participating in a single sex group.

  • 3.
    Brobeck, Elisabeth
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare. Department of Research, Development and Education, Halmstad, Sweden; School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Bergh, Håkan
    Department of Research Development and Education, Varberg, Sweden.
    Odencrants, Sigrid
    School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Hildingh, Cathrine
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Lifestyle advice and lifestyle change: to what degree does lifestyle advice of healthcare professionals reach the population, focusing on gender, age and education?2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 29, no 1, p. 118-125Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Health promotion practice in health care has a high priority in the endeavour to achieve equal opportunities for health and diversity in health among the population. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether there is any connection between the lifestyle advice given by healthcare professionals and the lifestyle change of the population, focusing on age, gender and education level. The study is based on the data from a national population survey in Sweden in which 52 595 patients who had attended health care were interviewed by phone. The participants were asked whether healthcare professionals had raised the subject of lifestyle during the visit and whether the advice they gave had contributed to a lifestyle change. The results indicated that lifestyle issues were raised with 32.2% of those who attended health care, particularly among men, younger patients and those with a high education level. When lifestyle issues were raised, the advice contributed to 39.2% of patients making a lifestyle change, to a higher extent among men, older patients and those with a low education level. The study shows that lifestyle advice given by healthcare professionals, during both emergency and outpatient healthcare visits, is an important contributor to patients' lifestyle change. © 2014 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 4.
    Bökberg, Christina
    et al.
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Ahlström, Gerd
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Staffan
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI). Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Utilisation of formal and informal care and services at home among persons with dementia: a cross-sectional study2018In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 32, no 2, p. 843-851Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The progression of dementia disease implies increasing needs for both informal and formal care and services but also risk of institutionalisation. To better adjust care and services in the phase preceding institutionalisation it is important to find out whether utilisation of formal and informal care and services is determined by increased needs and by who meets the needs.Aim

    The aim was to compare persons with dementia (65+) with different levels of cognitive impairment, regarding utilisation of formal and informal care and service at home.Methods

    The participants consisted of 177 persons with dementia ≥65 years old and at risk of nursing home admission, divided into groups according to their cognitive function. Structured interviews were conducted based on questionnaires about type and amount of formal and informal care utilised, as well as questions regarding cognitive impairment, dependency in activities of daily living (ADLs) and neuropsychiatric symptoms. To analyse the data, descriptive and comparative statistics were used.Results

    The findings revealed that the group with severe dementia used significantly more help with ADLs and supervision in terms of time (number of hours and days) provided by the informal caregiver, compared with the group with moderate dementia. Utilisation of formal care and services was highest in the group with the most severe cognitive impairments (Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination score of <9). The group with severe dementia were more dependent in ADLs and had more neuropsychiatric symptoms (hallucinations and motor disturbances). They were younger and more often cohabitated with the informal caregiver, compared with the group with moderate dementia.Conclusion

    This study shows that in the phase preceding institutionalisation the ADL and supervision needs due to progression of dementia appear to tend to be met first and foremost by the informal caregivers. © 2017 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 5.
    Condelius, Anna
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden & The Vårdal Institute, The Swedish Institute for Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Edberg, Anna-Karin
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden & The Vårdal Institute, The Swedish Institute for Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Rahm Hallberg, Ingalill
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden & The Vårdal Institute, The Swedish Institute for Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Jakobsson, Ulf
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Utilization of medical healthcare among people receiving long-term care at home or in special accommodation2010In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 404-413Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: To investigate the utilization of medical healthcare, hospital care and outpatient care, during a 1-year period in relation to informal care, multimorbidity, functional status and health complaints and to long-term care at home or in special accommodation among people aged 65+, with one or more hospital admissions and receiving long-term care.

    Method: A total of 694 people receiving long-term care during the year 2001 were studied. Data were collected by means of the administrative registers Patient Administrative Support in Skåne and PrivaStat and through the study Good Ageing in Skåne. Those at home and those in special accommodation were compared regarding utilization of medical healthcare, informal care, multimorbidity, functional status and health complaints. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using at home vs. in special accommodation as the dependent variable and also two multiple linear regression analyses using the number of hospital stays and the number of contacts with the physician in outpatient care separately as dependent variables.

    Findings: Those at home were significantly younger (mean age: 81 vs. 84 years) and less dependent in personal and instrumental activities of daily living (PADL/IADL) than those in special accommodation. A larger proportion of those at home was admitted to hospital three times or more (21 vs. 14%) and they had significantly more contacts with physicians in outpatient care (md: 10 vs. md: 7). Informal care was associated with care at home (OR = 0.074) and with utilization of outpatient care (B = 2.045). Dependency in PADL was associated with care in special accommodation (OR = 1.375) and with utilization of hospital care (B = -0.060) and outpatient care (B = -0.581).

    Conclusion: Medical healthcare seems more accessible to those who live at home are younger, less dependent and who have access to informal caregivers.

    © 2009 Condelius et al. Journal compilation © 2009 Nordic College of Caring Science

  • 6.
    Ellingsen, Sidsel
    et al.
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway & University in Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway & Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Kristoffersen, Kjell
    University of Agder, Agder, Norway.
    Rosland, Jan Henrik
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway & University in Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Alvsvåg, Herdis
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway.
    Being in transit and in transition: The experience of time at the place, when living with severe incurable disease - a phenomenological study2014In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 28, no 3, p. 458-468Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study is to describe the experience of time as it presents itself at the place being situated when living with severe incurable disease and receiving palliative care. The empirical data consist of 26 open-ended interviews with 23 patients receiving palliative care at home, at a palliative day care, in a palliative bed unit in hospital or in a nursing home in Norway. A common meaning of a shifting space for living emerged from the analysis and was revealed through three different aspects: (i) Transition from a predictable to an unpredictable time: To live with severe incurable disease marks a transition to a changed life involving an ongoing weakened and altered body with bothersome symptoms making experience of time different and unpredictable. (ii) Transition between a safe and unsafe time: When time is unpredictable, feeling safe is revealed as essential to how time is experienced at the place being situated. (iii) To be in transition from a homely to a homeless existence: In a time of increased bodily weakness, unpredictable ailments and displacements, the sense of belonging to the place is revealed as significant to the experience of time. Not knowing where to be in a time of change is like an existential cry of distress where the foothold in existence is lost. The findings are discussed and interpreted as an embodied experience originating from the passage of time continually affecting life sometimes so fundamentally that it marks a transition to a changed space of life that is reflected in the experience of time. © 2013 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 7.
    Ellingsen, Sidsel
    et al.
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway & University in Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway & Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Kristoffersen, Kjell
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Rosland, Jan-Henrik
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway & University in Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Alvsvåg, Herdis
    Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway.
    Entering a World with No Future: A phenomenological study describing the embodied experience of time when living with severe incurable disease2013In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 27, no 1, p. 165-174Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A phenomenological study describing the embodied experience of time when living with severe incurable disease This article presents findings from a phenomenological study exploring experience of time by patients living close to death. The empirical data consist of 26 open-ended interviews from 23 patients living with severe incurable disease receiving palliative care in Norway. Three aspects of experience of time were revealed as prominent: (i) Entering a world with no future; living close to death alters perception of and relationship to time. (ii) Listening to the rhythm of my body, not looking at the clock; embodied with severe illness, it is the body not the clock that structures and controls the activities of the day. (iii). Receiving time, taking time; being offered - not asked for - help is like receiving time that confirms humanity, in contrast to having to ask for help which is like taking others time and thereby revealing own helplessness. Experience of time close to death is discussed as an embodied experience of inner, contextual, relational dimensions in harmony and disharmony with the rhythm of nature, environment and others. Rhythms in harmony provide relief, while rhythms in disharmony confer weakness and limit time. © 2012 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences © 2012 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 8.
    Eriksson, Monica
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Ekström‐Bergström, Anette
    Department of Health Sciences University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Arvidsson, Susann
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Jormfeldt, Henrika
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Thorstensson, Stina
    School of Health and Education University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
    Åström, Ulrica
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Lundgren, Ingela
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Department of Health Sciences University West, Trollhättan, Sweden; VID University, Bergen, Norway; UiT Harstad, Harstad, Norway.
    Meaning of wellness in caring science based on Rodgers's evolutionary concept analysis2023In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Wellness is a holistic, multidimensional, and process-oriented property on a continuum. It has been used interchangeably with and is undifferentiated from concepts such as health and well-being without an in-depth clarification of its theoretical foundations and a reflection on its meaning. The concept of wellness is frequently used, but its definition remains unclear.

    Aim: To conceptually and theoretically explore the concept of wellness to contribute to a deeper understanding in caring science.

    Method: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was applied to the theoretical investigation of data from publications of international origins. The focus was on antecedents, attributes, consequences, surrogate and related terms, and contextual references. A literature search was performed through a manual review of reference lists and an online search in CINAHL and PubMed via EBSCO, and in ProQuest. Abstracts were examined to identify relevant studies for further review. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed papers in English; papers published in scientific journals using the surrogate terms ‘wellness’, ‘health’, ‘health care’, and ‘health care and wellness’; and papers discussing and/or defining the concept of wellness. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria.

    Results: Based on the findings from this concept analysis, a definition of wellness was developed: ‘a holistic and multidimensional concept represented on a continuum of being well that goes beyond health’. Implications for nursing practice were correspondingly presented.

    Conclusion: Wellness is defined as a holistic and comprehensive multidimensional concept represented on a continuum of being well, that goes beyond health. It calls attention by applying the salutogenic perspective to health promotion in caring science. It is strongly related to individual lifestyle and health behaviour and is frequently used interchangeably with health and well-being without an in-depth clarification of its theoretical foundation. © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 9.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI). Department of Primary Health Care, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    The case study as a research strategy1997In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 11, no 1, p. 3-4Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A research strategy seldom used in the caring sciences is the case study. A case study is an empirical in-depth inquiry about an individual, family, group or organization. It is preferable when 'how' and 'why' questions are asked. The case study is mainly used to explain those causal links in real-life intervention that are too complex for either the survey or experimental strategies. Like other research strategies, its design includes questions or propositions, units of analysis, the logic linking the data to the questions or propositions, and the interpretations of the outcomes. A case study can be reported as a single case or as a compilation of a series of cases. In conclusion a case study is a simple and excellent way for a care professional to present him or herself to the scientific world.

  • 10.
    Gavois, Helena
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Paulsson, Gun
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Mental health professional support in families with a member suffering from severe mental illness: a grounded theory model2006In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 20, no 1, p. 102-109Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to develop a model of mental health professional (MHP) support based on the needs of families with a member suffering from severe mental illness (SMI). Twelve family members were interviewed with the focus on their needs of support by MHP, then the interviews were analyzed according to the grounded theory method. The generated model of MHP support had two core categories: the family members’ process from crisis to recovery and their interaction with the MHP about mental health/illness and daily living of the person with SMI. Interaction based on ongoing contact between MHP and family members influenced the family members’ process from crisis towards recovery. Four MHP strategies – being present, listening, sharing and empowering – met the family members’ needs of support in the different stages of the crisis. Being present includes early contact, early information and protection by MHP at onset of illness or relapse. Listening includes assessing burden, maintaining contact and confirmation in daily living for the person with SMI. Sharing between MHP and family members includes co-ordination, open communication and security in daily living for the person with SMI. Finally, the MHP strategy empowering includes creating a context, counselling and encouraging development for the family members. The present model has a holistic approach and can be used as an overall guide for MHP support in clinical care of families of persons with SMI. For future studies, it is important to study the interaction of the family with SMI and the connection between hope, coping and empowerment.

  • 11.
    Göransson, Carina
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI). Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Wengström, Yvonne
    Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurobiology, CareSciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ziegert, Kristina
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Lagnius-Eklöf, Ann
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Blomberg, Karin
    Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Self-care ability and sense of security among older persons when using an app as a tool for support2020In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 34, no 3, p. 772-781Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The study's rationale: The need for home care among older persons is increasing, and mHealth is evolving to help meet the challenge. When developing an app to help maintain their health, it is essential to incorporate older persons' preferences.

    Aims and objectives: To describe and evaluate the experiences of self-care support and sense of security among older persons using an interactive app to report health concerns.

    Methodological design and justification: The study had a descriptive and evaluative design. Qualitative and quantitative methods were applied to achieve a broader understanding.

    Ethical issues and approval: Ethical approval was obtained from the Regional Ethical Review Board. The older persons received verbal and oral information about the study and gave written informed consent.

    Research methods: Questionnaires (n = 17 older persons) answered at baseline, end of the intervention and at a 6-month follow-up were analysed with statistical analysis. Interviews (n = 17 older persons) conducted at the end of the intervention were analysed using a qualitative directed approach.

    Measurements and intervention: The questionnaire included the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale and a question concerning sense of security. For 3 months, the older persons used an app for regular reporting of health concerns. The app included self-care advice, graphs and a risk assessment model that generated alerts directly to the nurses.

    Results: The older persons described how self-care and sense of security increased at the end of intervention, but statistically, it was shown to decrease afterwards.

    Study limitations: The small sample size for statistical analysis.

    Conclusions: This study shows that an app can be a complementary tool to conventional home care that can increase older persons' sense of security and self-care ability. The results mirror the older persons' awareness that the support they received with the app was only temporary. Larger studies are needed for generalisation. 

    © 2019 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 12.
    Hallberg, Lillemor R.-M.
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Hallberg, Ulrika
    Nordic School of Public Health, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Johansson, Mattias
    Borås Hospital, Sweden.
    Jansson, Gunilla
    Borås Hospital, Sweden.
    Wiberg, Agne
    Borås Hospital, Sweden.
    Daily living with hyperacusis due to head injury 1 year after a treatment programme at the hearing clinic2005In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 19, no 4, p. 410-418Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the quality of daily living of persons with hyperacusis after a traumatic head injury 1 year after these persons had participated in a treatment programme at a Swedish hearing clinic. The study group consisted of 21 patients with a mean age of 36 years. In-depth interviews, conducted 1 year after the treatment programme, were analysed using the grounded theory method. Five emergent categories were labelled moderating vulnerability, awareness of restrictions, conditioned participation, structuring daily life and controlling mood changes. The core category, moderating vulnerability, describes the necessary balancing act between activity and recovery. The informants were aware of their new restrictions and managed daily life by structuring and planning each day in detail to minimize exposure to sensory stimuli. They had learned to prioritize their activities and, thereby, rationed their time. The evaluated programme appears to have positive effects and facilitates patients' adjustment process to hyperacusis with relatively restricted costs for the society.

  • 13.
    Hildingh, Cathrine
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Baigi, Amir
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden .
    The association among hypertension and reduced psychological well-being, anxiety and sleep disturbances: a population study2010In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 366-371Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Hypertension (HP) is a serious condition affecting about one quarter of all adults, both men and women. Genetic and environmental factors are of importance in its aetiology, while psychosocial factors may also play a role. This study focused on psychosocial factors and examined the association among reduced psychological well-being, anxiety, sleep disturbances and HP by comparing people with HP and the general population. A national survey of 12 166 individuals (hypertensives n = 2047; rest of population n = 10 119) was conducted using two-step multiple logistic regression with an odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval. The study is in accordance with Swedish legislation pertaining to ethics. Reduced psychological well-being, anxiety and sleep disturbances were higher in the HP group and, in addition, reduced psychological well-being was, still higher in the presence of severe anxiety and serious sleep disturbances. These three factors are of major importance for HP, but it is difficult to know whether they are causes or consequences. In order to prevent HP, support for people who exhibit such risk factors should be a matter of high priority.

  • 14.
    Hildingh, Cathrine
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
    Candidate, D.
    Segesten, K.
    Department of Primary Health Care, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
    Elderly persons' social network and need for social support after their first myocardial infarction1997In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 11, no 1, p. 5-11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Social network and social support are phenomena suggested to be of importance to successful recovery from myocardial infarction. However, Very few studies have been carried out, especially among the elderly, focusing on their social network and its ability to provide adequate support after myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to examine elderly persons' social network and need for social support three months after their first myocardial infarction. The sample consisted of 128 persons between 65 and 94 years of age who answered a questionnaire. The results showed that the subjects, even the oldest ones, had an available social network and that they were satisfied with the support it provided. There was an increased need for social support after the myocardial infarction, especially for emotional support and appraisal, but also for instrumental aid and information. Despite these positive results indicating that elderly persons with myocardial infarction have a social network, whose members provide them with support, there may be a need for support also from persons outside this network. Assessment of social network characteristics and the need for social support as well as the provision of adequate information about additional support networks are important tasks for all health professionals.

  • 15.
    Hildingh, Cathrine
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Luepker, Russell V.
    Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA .
    Baigi, Amir
    Research and Development (R and D), Primary Health Care, Halland, Sweden.
    Lidell, Evy
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Stress, health complaints and self-confidence: a comparison between young adult women in Sweden and USA2006In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 202-208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Transition to adulthood is a period in life when women encounter conflicts, ambiguities and rapidly expanding roles that may be stressful and difficult to manage. The aim of this study was to compare stress in daily life, health complaints and self-confidence in 26-year old women in two different cultures. A health survey study was performed among Swedish women (n = 386) and American women (n = 201) living in urban areas at the West coast of Sweden and in Minnesota. Both Swedish and American women reported stress in their everyday life, with higher figures for the Americans. Overall health was rated lower by the Swedish women and they reported more health complaints such as headache, general tiredness, irritability, depression and sleeping disorders. There was a difference between groups in self-confidence with higher figures for excellent self-confidence among American women. However, low self-confidence was reported by more American than Swedish women. A good work situation predicted self-confidence in Swedish women and financial confidence in American women. Physical fitness was associated with self-confidence in both groups. Young women in both cultures experienced high level of stress but health related complaints were more common among Swedish women. High stress and health complaints must be taken seriously and interventions to support young women in the midst of transition to adulthood should contain stress reduction as well as empowerment performed in a more effective way than today in different health care settings and at place of work.

  • 16.
    Johansson, Gunvi
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
    Young adults' views on dental care: a qualitative analysis1996In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 10, no 4, p. 197-204Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the present study was to determine young adults' views on dental care. The gathered data were gleaned from interviews and analysed in accordance with comparative method. It was possible to discern the views from two perspectives: the patients' opinions regarding costs in relation to given functions within dental care, and the attitudes to given functions in dental care per se. Costs for information and service were deemed questionable, whereas the costs for examination and treatment were accepted. The patients' stance was active with respect to information and treatment, whereas a greater degree of passivity prevailed within the areas of examination and service. According to this report, maintaining cheap dental care rates was deemed important. The patients questioned having to pay for information perceived as irrelevant to dental care. They expressed a hidden wish to assume an active role while being given more information, and to exercise greater influence with reference to own dental care, but were not in the habit of stating their views to dental staff. Thus, continuous patient satisfaction studies are vital in order to meet this group's needs. One suggestion for further research is to study how young adults regard dental care based on the theory presented.

  • 17.
    Johansson, Peter
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Oleni, Magnus
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Patient satisfaction with nursing care in the context of health care: a literature study2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 4, p. 337-344Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To evaluate and improve the quality of care provided, it is of vital importance to investigate the quality of care in the context of health care. Patient satisfaction is a significant indicator of the quality of care. Consequently, quality work includes investigations that map out patient satisfaction with nursing care. To improve the quality of nursing care, the nurse needs to know what factors influence patient satisfaction. The aim of this literature study was to describe the influences on patient satisfaction with regard to nursing care in the context of health care. In the description of nursing care, we have used Henderson's nursing care model. The results describe eight domains that have an influence on patient satisfaction with nursing care: the socio-demographic background of the patients, patients' expectations regarding nursing care, the physical environment, communication and information, participation and involvement, interpersonal relations between nurse and patient, nurses' medical-technical competence, and the influence of the health care organization on both patients and nurses. The bulk of the literature included in the study came from the UK, Sweden and the USA. This means that the results should be applicable to health care in the western world. An important implication for future research is to continue to elucidate the factors that influence satisfaction with nursing care, as seen from the patient's perspective.

  • 18.
    Karlsson, Staffan
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden.
    Edberg, Anna-Karin
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & The Vårdal Institute, The Swedish institute for Health Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
    Westergren, Albert
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden.
    Hallberg, Ingalill Rahm
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & The Vårdal Institute, The Swedish institute for Health Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
    Functional ability and health complaints among older people with a combination of public and informal care vs. public care only2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 136-148Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to investigate functional ability and health complaints of people, 65+, living in special accommodation (equivalent to nursing home) and their counterparts who live at home and receive municipal care or a combination of municipal and informal care. Persons (n = 1958) receiving municipal care were assessed in terms of functional ability, health complaints, and level of informal and municipal care and services. The results showed that more home care, services and help with Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) were provided to those receiving only municipal care at home, while more home care and services associated with Personal Activities of Daily Living (PADL) as well as nursing care were provided to those receiving informal care in addition to formal care. Cohabitation was a predictor of a combination of municipal and informal care in the home (OR: 5.935), while assistance with IADL provided by municipal home care and services predicted municipal care only (OR: 0.344). Care in special accommodation was predicted by advanced age (OR: 1.051), dependency in IADL (OR: 19.883) and PADL (OR: 2.695), and impaired cognitive ability (OR: 3.849) with receiving municipal care only as a reference. Living alone (OR: 0.106), dependency in IADL (OR: 11.348) and PADL (OR: 2.506), impaired cognitive ability (OR: 3.448), impaired vision or blindness (OR: 1.812) and the absence of slowly healing wounds (OR: 0.407) were predictors of special accommodation with a combination of informal and municipal care at home as a reference. The distribution of municipal care divided older people into three distinct groups. The most frail and elderly people who had no cohabitants received care in special accommodation, determined by their level of physical and cognitive dependency. The frailest individuals living at home were cohabiting and received a combination of municipal and informal care, while those who were less dependent mainly had help with IADL from municipal care only. The results indicate that there is a shift from the substitution to the complementary model and highlights that attention to the family carers is needed. © 2008 Nordic College of Caring Science

  • 19.
    Karnehed, Sara
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Pejner, Margaretha Norell
    Halmstad Municipality, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Erlandsson, Lena-Karin
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Petersson, Lena
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Electronic medication administration record (eMAR) in Swedish home healthcare—Implications for Nurses' and nurse Assistants' Work environment: A qualitative study2024In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The electronic medication administration record (eMAR) is an eHealth system that has replaced the traditional paper-based medication administration used in many healthcare settings. Research has highlighted that eHealth technologies can change working methods and professional roles in both expected and unexpected ways. To date, there is sparse research that has explored how nurses and nurse assistants (NA) in home healthcare experience eMAR in relation to their work environment. Aim: The aim was to explore how nurses and nurse assistants experienced their work environment, in terms of job-demand, control, and support in a Swedish home healthcare setting where an electronic medication administration record had been implemented to facilitate delegation of medical administration. Method: We took a qualitative approach, where focus groups were used as data collection method. The focus groups included 16 nurses and nine NAs employed in a Swedish municipality where an eMAR had been implemented 6 months before the first focus groups were performed. The analysis adapted the job-demand-control-support model, by condensing the professionals' experiences into the three categories of demand, control, and support, in alignment with the model. Results: NAs experienced high levels of job demand and low levels of job control. The use of the eMAR limited NAs' ability to control their work, in terms of priorities, content, and timing. In contrast, the nurses described demands as high but manageable, and described having a high level of control. Both professions found the eMar supportive. Conclusion: Nurses and NAs in home healthcare experienced changes in their work environment regarding demand, control, and support when an eMAR was implemented to facilitate delegation of medical administration. In general, nurses were satisfied with the eMAR. However, NAs felt that the eMAR did not cover all aspects of their daily work. Healthcare organisations should be aware of the changes that digitalisation processes entail in the work environment of nurses and NAs in home healthcare. © 2024 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 20.
    Kihlgren, A.
    et al.
    School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Norell Pejner, Margaretha
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    James, I.
    School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Core values and local guarantees of dignity in the care of older persons – Application, obstacles and further actions2020In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 35, no 2, p. 616-625Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and aim: Due to reported shortcomings in elderly care in Sweden, the government has introduced national guidelines to establish core values and guarantees of dignity. With a bottom-up perspective, core values and local guarantees of dignity were developed using an participatory and appreciative action and reflection (PAAR) approach and implemented in municipal elderly care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the core values and local guarantees of dignity applied by the municipal healthcare staff caring for older persons. Method and results: A cross-sectional descriptive design study using a questionnaire was conducted one year after the implementation of core values and local guarantees of dignity in municipal elderly care. In total, 608 caregivers answered the questionnaire. The results show that the caregivers strived to apply the core values and local guarantees of dignity, but experienced obstacles from the organisation. Proposals were given to facilitate further application of the core values. © 2020 Nordic College of Caring Science

  • 21.
    Koinberg, Inga Lill
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Holmberg, Lars H.
    Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Breast cancer patients' satisfaction with a spontaneous system of check-up visits to a specialist nurse2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 209-215Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: To describe breast cancer patients' satisfaction with a spontaneous system of check-up visits to a specialist nurse. Background: There is little evidence that routine follow-up visits after breast cancer surgery influence survival or patient satisfaction. Consequently, there is a need to evaluate alternative follow-up programmes. Sample: A strategic sample of 19 breast cancer patients, who were not involved in a routine follow-up system but who had the possibility of contacting a specialist nurse when necessary, were interviewed. Method: A qualitative descriptive design inspired by the method of phenomenographic analysis was used. Findings: Five description categories and 606 statements showing similarities and differences in conceptions were obtained. The patients satisfaction with the knowledgeable and professional skills of the nurses was high. Confirmation and trust were important and necessary in order for the women with breast cancer to feel secure. Patients had a need for information and self-care education. Accessibility and early assessment by professional personnel or an oncology nurse were essential in a system without routine follow-ups. Discussion: This study identifies key issues in a specialist nurse-led check-up system. The findings can be used for developing an education programme for women who have undergone breast cancer surgery. Additionally, the findings emphasize the need to introduce more flexible solutions to the follow-up programmes, one alternative being specialist nurse-led check-ups.

  • 22.
    Källstrand-Eriksson, Jeanette
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Baigi, Amir
    General Practice and Public Health, Halland County Council, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Buer, Nina
    School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Hildingh, Cathrine
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Perceived vision-related quality of life and risk of falling among community living elderly people2013In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 27, no 2, p. 433-439Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Falls and fall injuries among the elderly population are common, since ageing is a risk factor of falling. Today, this is a major problem because the ageing population is increasing. There are predictive factors of falling and visual impairment is one of them. Usually, only visual acuity is considered when measuring visual impairment, and nothing regarding a person's functional visual ability is taken into account. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the perceived vision-related quality of life among the community living elderly using the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) and to investigate whether there was any association among vision-related quality of life and falls. There were 212 randomly selected elderly people participating in the study. Our study indicated that the participants had an impaired perceived vision-related health status. General health was the only NEI VFQ-25 variable significantly associated with falls in both men and women. However, among men, near and distance activities, vision-specific social functioning, role difficulties and dependency, color and peripheral vision were related to falls.

  • 23.
    Lethin, Connie
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Hallberg, Ingalill Rahm
    The Pufendorf Institute of Advanced Studies, Lund, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Staffan
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Janlöv, Ann-Christin
    School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
    Family caregivers experiences of formal care when caring for persons with dementia through the stages of the disease2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 526-534Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Family caregivers' experiences of formal care when caring for persons with dementia through the process of the disease is sparsely investigated.

    AIMS: To investigate family caregivers' experiences of formal care when caring for a person with dementia, through the stages of the disease.

    DESIGN: A qualitative approach with focus group interviews.

    METHODS: Four focus group interviews were conducted in October 2011 with 23 spouses and adult children of persons with dementia and analysed with content analysis.

    RESULTS: The participants' experiences of formal care when caring for a person with dementia were captured in the theme 'Familycaregiving requires collaboration with formal care to get support adjusted to needs specific to the stages of dementia'. This can be broken down into the categories 'The dementia diagnosis - entry into formal care as a novice family caregiver', 'Needing expanded collaboration with formal care to continue care at home' and 'Being dependent on a nursing home and trying to maintain involvement'.

    CONCLUSION: Family caregiving requires collaboration with formal care to get support adjusted to the individual's needs, specific to the stages of dementia. Caregivers experience a transition process with three main turning points: the dementia diagnosis; when they realise increased need for formal care to continue caring at home; and when the person with dementia is moved into a nursing home. The interviewed caregivers experience formal care reactive to their needs and this often promoted unhealthy transitions. Formal careneeds to be proactive and deliver available care and support early on in the dementia trajectory. Interventions should focus on facilitating a healthy transition for family caregivers through the trajectory of the dementia disease to ensure their well-being. © 2015 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 24.
    Lidell, Evy
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
    Long-term effects of a comprehensive rehabilitation programme after myocardial infarction1996In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 10, no 2, p. 67-74Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to determine the long-term effects on myocardial infarction (MI) patients of a six-month comprehensive rehabilitation programme (CRP) conducted by an interdisciplinary team regarding cardiac events, physical and psychological conditions, life habits, and cardiac health knowledge. The results of a multivariate analysis carried out five years after the MI showed that cardiac events and psychological condition were not significantly influenced by the CRP. However, it was found that the physical condition of the patients benefited from the CRP; self-reported physical fitness (p < 0.002) and physical exercise test (p < 0.007). CRP participation was linked to significant modifications of life habits (diet change; p < 0.04, sexual activity; p < 0.000). The cardiac health knowledge was significantly improved by participation in the CRP (basic cardiac knowledge; p < 0.005; knowledge about misconceptions; p < 0.04). In conclusion, CRPs have had positive long-term effects on physical condition, life habits and cardiac health knowledge. No such effects, however, were found regarding either cardiac events or psychological condition.

  • 25.
    Nilsson, Pia
    et al.
    Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care, General Practice and Public Health, Falkenberg, Sweden.
    Lindgren, Eva-Carin
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Månsson, Jörgen
    Department of Primary Health Care, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Lateral epicondylalgia. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of interdisciplinary cooperation and treatment choice in the Swedish health care system2012In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 26, no 1, p. 28-37Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective and aim: Interdisciplinary cooperation is essential to develop a broad range of knowledge and skills. The aim of this study was to describe health care professionals' treatment choices, their cooperation with other professionals and their perceptions of potential risks regarding treatments of acute lateral epicondylalgia (LE).

    Design: A quantitative descriptive study design with a summative approach to qualitative analysis.

    Ethical issues: The ethical committee was asked verbally for approval but, as this study was performed to develop an organised way to treat LE, it did not require approval. The four ethical aspects information, consent, confidentiality and the use of the study materials were all addressed.

    Subjects: All orthopaedic surgeons, general practitioners, physiotherapists and occupational therapists in a county.

    Methods: Questionnaire with 18 dichotomous, multiple-response, multiple-choice questions and three open-ended questions were analysed using quantitative cross-tab and qualitative content analysis with summative approach.

    Results: The most common treatment choices were Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID), corticosteroid injections, training programmes, braces and ergonomics. Advantages from interdisciplinary cooperation were higher rated than disadvantages. The qualitative findings dealt with perceptions of interdisciplinary cooperation and resulted in three categories; right level of care, increased quality of care and decreased quality of care. Almost half of the physicians felt potential risks associated with their treatment methods. The qualitative findings dealt with perceptions of the potential risks and resulted in two categories: side effects and inadequate treatment.

    Study limitations: The number of responses varied because some of the respondents did not answered all of the questions.

    Conclusion: Interdisciplinary cooperation in the treatment of patients with acute LE benefits the patients by shortening the rehabilitation period and provides health care professionals the opportunity for an improved learning and exchanging experiences. These basic conditions must be met to improve health care quality.

  • 26.
    Norell Pejner, Margaretha
    et al.
    School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Ziegert, Kristina
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Kihlgren, Annica
    School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Care priorities: Registered nurses’ clinical daily work in municipal elderly care settings2012In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 27, no 2, p. 388-395Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Common in Swedish elderly home care is that Registered Nurses work independently, and lead the care team without being a part of it. People involved in the care of the patient can be social services, physician, Registered Nurse (RN), nurses in inpatient care and family. Inaccording to current model for nursing documentation RNs interventions is described as participation, information/education, support, environment, general care, training, observation/surveillance, special care drug administration and coordination. Time pressure isperceived as high, but the nurses have the opportunity to influence their daily work situation and make priorities. The purpose of this study was to investigate how RNs prioritise interventions in municipal elderly care settings. A quantitative descriptive method was used for the study. Data were collected during the months of April and October 2004 – 2008, using a web-based form. The nurses filled in patient’s type of housing, performed interventions, and if the interventions were delegated. Interventions were described as keywords and wereattributed a certain amount of time, calculated in previous time studies. The inclusion criteria were: all patients 80 years of age and older, in a municipality in southwestern Sweden, who received some form of health care from a RN, or performed by non-certified staff by delegation. Results indicate that differences in priority could be observed, depending on the patient’s gender, or whether the patient was living in independent or sheltered housing. Drug administration was prioritised for female patients, while coordination became a priority for patients living in ordinary housing. Support received the highest priority, regardless if the patient lived in ordinary or sheltered housing. However, it is not entirely clear what support signifies in municipal health care settings, and this issue would therefore require further investigation. © 2012 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 27.
    Pham, Lotta
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI). Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Arnby, Maria
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Benkel, Inger
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden & Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, Geriatric Medicine and Clinical Osteoporosis Research School, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Dahlqvist Jönsson, Patrik
    Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Källstrand Eriksson, Jeanette
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Molander, Ulla
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden & Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, Geriatric Medicine and Clinical Osteoporosis Research School, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ziegert, Kristina
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Early integration of palliative care: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and content validity of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool in a Swedish healthcare context2020In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 34, no 3, p. 762-771Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Timely identification of patients with palliative care needs is a prerequisite for being able to carry out effective and equal palliative care. The Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT) identifies patients likely to benefit from a palliative approach.

    Aim: The main objective was to describe the translation, cross-cultural adaptation and content validation process of the SPICT-SE. In this process, the prefinal SPICT-SE was tested in focus group interviews to explore how the tool was perceived and interpreted by healthcare professionals in a Swedish healthcare context.

    Methods: In this qualitative descriptive study, the translation, cross-cultural adaptation and content validation process of the SPICT-SE was based on a recommended method for cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. The process included two independent forward translations, a synthesis, and one independent back-translation. An expert committee consolidated all the versions and developed the prefinal version of the SPICT-SE. The prefinal version of the SPICT-SE was tested in four focus group interviews with physicians and nurses engaged in inpatient or outpatient care in south-west Sweden. A thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews was performed. The SPICT-SE was then revised to the final version.

    Results: In the thematic analysis, four themes were constructed that together described how the SPICT-SE was perceived and interpreted by healthcare professionals: The mindset is familiar and relevant; the tool needs to be adjusted in order to be clearer; the purpose and consequences of the tool are ambiguous; and the tool supports a palliative approach.

    Conclusion: The SPICT-SE has now been successfully translated, culturally adapted and content validated in a Swedish healthcare context. © 2019 Nordic College of Caring Science

  • 28.
    Pihl, Emma
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Fridlund, Bengt
    School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University.
    Mårtensson, Jan
    School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University.
    Patients' experiences of physical limitations in daily life activities when suffering from chronic heart failure: A phenomenographic analysis2011In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 25, no 1, p. 3-11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to describe how patients suffering from chronic heart failure conceived their physical limitations in daily life activities. An explorative and qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach was chosen, a total of 15 patients were interviewed. The findings indicate that participants perceived a variety of structural aspects pertaining to physical limitations in activities of daily life which resulted in four referential aspects. Need of finding practical solutions in daily life focused on how life had to be changed and other ways of performing activities of daily life had to be invented. Having realistic expectations about the future was characterised by belief that the future itself would be marked by change in physical functioning, but an incentive to maintain functions and activities ensured good quality of or even increased capacity in daily life. Not believing in one's own ability included the perception of having no opportunity to improve ability to perform activities of daily life. There were perceptions of undesired passivity, undefined fear of straining themselves or performing activities that could endanger their health in addition to uncertainty about the future. In Losing one's social role in daily life, participants described losing their social network and their position in society and family because of limited physical capacity. A lack of important issues, mental and physical, occurred when physical capacity was lost. In conclusion, patients suffering from chronic heart failure found new solutions to manage activities in daily life, including willingness to change focus and identify other ways of doing important things. Patients had an incentive to maintain functions and activities to ensure a good quality of and strengthen their physical capacity in daily life. Inability to trust in their physical capacity in combination with experienced limitations in daily life prevented patients from attempting to increase activities.

  • 29.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    et al.
    Växjö University, Växjö, Sweden & University College of Haraldsplass, Bergen, Norway.
    Burman, Marianne
    Växjö University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Guldbrand, Mona
    Växjö University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Växjö University, Växjö, Sweden & Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Barbosa da Silva, António
    Ansgar College and Theological Seminary, Kristiansand, Norway & Stavanger University, Stavanger, Norway.
    Out of the wave: the meaning of suffering and relieved suffering for survivors of the tsunami catastrophe. An hermeneutic-phenomenological study of TV-interviews one year after the tsunami catastrophe, 20042010In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 24, no 4, p. 707-715Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The tsunami catastrophe, 26th December 2004, is one of a number of catastrophes that has stricken mankind. Climate reports forecast that natural disasters will increase in number in the future. Research on human suffering after a major catastrophe, using a caring science perspective, is scarce. The aim of the study was to explore the meaning of suffering and relieved suffering of survivors of the tsunami catastrophe, 26th December 2004. An explorative study design, inspired by the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutic-phenomenology, was used. Interviews made by the Swedish Television (SVT) in connection with the 1 year anniversary were carried out on site in the disaster area and in Sweden. The text analysis revealed four main themes: ‘An incomprehensible event’, ‘A heavy burden’, ‘Help that helps’, and to ‘Being changed in a changed life situation’. The findings were mainly interpreted in light of Paul Ricoeur’s thinking on suffering, quilt, forgiveness, time and narrative. The first year after the loss of loved ones in the tsunami catastrophe, 2004, was like starting an inner as well as an outer journey. This journey was experienced as living with the heavy burden of an incomprehensible event. Help that helped was mediated by consolers who endured the suffering of the other. An ‘enduring courage’ is a key moral virtue to encounter the alienation of the sufferer and how it in turn alienates from the sufferer. It is also important to recognize that the complexity of the world of those who have lost loved ones in major catastrophes includes possibilities for reconciliation with the loss. The reconciliation creates hope that opens up for being changed in a changed life situation.© 2010 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences © 2010 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 30.
    Samarasinghe, Kerstin
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, University of Kristianstad, Kristianstad, Sweden.
    Arvidsson, Barbro
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
    `It is a different war to fight here in Sweden'- the impact of involuntary migration on the health of refugee families in transition2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 292-301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Involuntary migration and adaptation to a new cultural environment is known to be a stress factor. The aim of the study was to explore the impact of involuntary migration on the family health in order to identify specific health care issues related to refugee families in transition living in Sweden. Data was collected through interviews with 16 members of 10 different refugee families from Balkan countries, Kurdistan and Africa for which permission was obtained from the chairman of the local ethnic organizations in a municipality in the southern part of Sweden. In interpreting the material, analysis was made using a contextual approach with reference to phenomenography. The analysis resulted in four qualitatively different descriptive categories characterizing the health of the families: a distressed family living under prolonged tension; a contented family who leads a satisfactory life; a frustrated family who cannot lead a fully satisfactory life and a dejected family who feels deserted. Stressors seeking asylum, facing unemployment and changed roles, interacted negatively within the family. A friendly and understanding attitude from the host country was the main factor in promoting the health of the refugee families. Nursing interventions should therefore assist the families accordingly in order to promote the stability of the family system.

  • 31.
    Selan, Denis
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Jakobsson, Ulf
    Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Condelius, Anna
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    The Swedish P-CAT: modification and exploration of psychometric properties of two different versions2017In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 31, no 3, p. 527-535Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to further investigate the psychometric properties (with focus on construct validity and scale function) of the Swedish version of the Person-centred Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT) in a sample consisting of staff working in elderly care units (N = 142). The aim was also to further develop and psychometrically test a modified, noncontext-specific version of the instrument (mP-CAT) in a sample consisting of staff working in primary health care or within home care for older people (N = 182). Principal component analysis with varimax rotation initially suggested a three-factor solution for the P-CAT, explaining 55.96% of variance. Item 13 solely represented one factor wherefore this solution was rejected. A final 2-factor solution, without item 13, had a cumulative explained variance of 50.03%. All communalities were satisfactory (>0.3), and alpha values for both first factor (items 1-6, 11) and second factor (items 7-10, 12) were found to be acceptable. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation suggested a final 2-factor solution for the mP-CAT explaining 46.15% of the total variance with communalities ranging from 0.263 to 0.712. Cronbach's α for both factors was found to be acceptable (>0.7). This study suggests a 2-factor structure for the P-CAT and an exclusion of item 13. The results indicated that the modified noncontext-specific version, mP-CAT, seems to be a valid measure. Further psychometric testing of the mP-CAT is however needed in order to establish the instrument's validity and reliability in various contexts. © 2017 Nordic College of Caring Science

  • 32.
    Skärsäter, Ingela
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Hlth & Care Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Parents with first time major depression: perceptions of social support for themselves and their children2006In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 20, no 3, p. 308-314Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to ascertain the perceptions of parents, with first time major depression, regarding the social support for themselves and their children. Eighteen parents, with children under the age of 19, were interviewed on admission to an inpatient unit and of these 16 were followed up 1 year later. In addition, the severity of parents' depression and their functional status was measured. The results showed that although the parents did regain their mental health and functional capacity to a certain extent, they nevertheless remained in a vulnerable position, increasing the strain on the whole family. The parents' and their children's social support was low and came mostly from outside the family. The parents were worried about their children, due to problems related to the depressive episode as well as ordinary teenage rebellion. Important questions concerned practical problems such as whether there was someone to take care of the children if the parent is incapable of doing so. There were also concerns pertaining to how the changed family situation might interfere with the child's natural development or whether depression was a question of heredity. This highlights the need to investigate the importance of social support for the family as a whole when one of them suffers from depression. There is a need for improved treatment of parental depression to reduce symptoms such as decreased functional status that may impair parenting. The study also emphasises the need for healthcare practitioners to assess multiple aspects of social support so that care planning will target all relevant domains.

  • 33.
    Ström, Mayvor
    et al.
    Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care, Halland, Sweden.
    Baigi, Amir
    Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care, Halland, Sweden.
    Hildingh, Cathrine
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Marklund, Bertil
    Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care, Halland, Sweden.
    Mattsson, Bengt
    Sahlgrenska School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Patient care encounter with the MCHL: a questionnaire study2011In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 517-524Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Both internationally and nationally, the medical care help line (MCHL) is a growing operation within the healthcare field. In Sweden, approximately 5 million calls per year are processed. The service is managed by specially trained nurses. Aim: To describe how patients' sex, age, education level and care level influenced their perceptions of care encounters with the MCHL. Methodological design and instrument: A questionnaire was designed through the operationalisation of terms based on a previous interview study with MCHL callers. It was distributed to 858 callers in a region of southwest Sweden. The questionnaire was comprised of 14 visual analogue scales (VAS). Validity and reliability were determined to be acceptable by a pilot study and factor analyses. Results: Response frequency n=517 (60.4%). Three factors, interaction, service and product, emerged to describe high satisfaction with the MCHL from different perspectives. The items 'friendliness', 'respect', 'confirmation', 'accessibility' and 'simplicity' scored highest, whereas the 'joint decision-making', 'composure' and 'time' items had the lowest values. Conclusions and relevance to clinical nursing: A new questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability was created on the basis of an interview study examining patient encounters with the MCHL. The new questionnaire may provide useful support in the education of MCHL nurses and other nurses in telephone triage. It can also be used for quality development and as a basis for further research on telephone nursing.

  • 34.
    Ström, Mayvor
    et al.
    Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care, Halland.
    Marklund, Bertil
    Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care, Halland.
    Hildingh, Cathrine
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Callers' perceptions of receiving advice via a medical care help line2009In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 23, no 4, p. 682-690Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Telephone consultations with specially trained nurses are becoming an increasingly common form of care.

    Aim:

    To describe patients' perceptions of receiving advice via a medical care help line.

    Results:

    The patients perceived the help line as a professional, reliable and easily accessible asset in everyday life, that self-care is promoted through personal advice and that the help line is a partner with whom one can discuss reflections and feelings. It is also a kind of 'back up'. The advice service is perceived as satisfactory when the nurse is calm, friendly, confirming and shows respect. Compliance and acceptance are enhanced when patients feel involved in the decision-making process. The fact that the service is easily accessible is perceived as simple and time saving.

    Conclusions:

    Seen from the patient's perspective, the telephone contact with the help line is a simple, easily accessible and secure alternative that is appreciated and used. Caring encounters gave rise to feelings, influenced by the agreement between one's own needs and expectations, the encounter between human beings and the care provided. More in-depth studies is needed focusing on the patient's perspective and characterizes of the caring encounter over the telephone.

    Relevance to clinical nursing:

    Improved understanding of the patient's perspective on the care provided leads to increased staff satisfaction and motivation. Care encounters over the phone are common today for nurses and their well-being at work is beneficial for both themselves and the care they provide and thereby for the patients.

  • 35.
    Stålhammar, Anna
    et al.
    Varberg Hospital, Varberg, Sweden.
    Boström, Barbro
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Policies for labour management - existence and content2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 22, no 2, p. 259-264Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: To prevent dystocia, it is important to have criteria for labour onset and policies for diagnosing and treating uterine inertia. Uterine inertia is often followed by complications such as prolonged labour, caesarean section, instrumental labour and a negative birth experience, and prevention and proper treatment are therefore important. The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare has stipulated that labour wards should have policies for labour management. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which labour wards in Sweden have such policies. For those wards with policies for labour management, a further aim was to study the content of the policies. METHODS: A descriptive survey presenting information from 48 of 49 labour wards in Sweden. Descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: Three of the 48 labour wards had written policies concerning all four main issues of interest. Written policies existed regarding criteria for labour onset at 11 wards, diagnosis of uterine inertia at 13 wards and treatment of uterine inertia at 21 wards. Seventeen wards had written policies for when during the progress of labour neuraxial analgesia was recommended. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of labour wards in Sweden did not have written policies, and there was no consensus among the wards regarding criteria for diagnosing labour onset and uterine inertia, policies for treatment of uterine inertia, or about recommendations for when to use neuraxial analgesia. It is possible that the lack of policies could imply a risk for nonevidence-based labour management.

  • 36.
    Svedberg, Petra
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health promotion and disease prevention.
    Johansson, Ingela
    Division of Nursing Sciences, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden & Department of Cardiology, Linköping Heart Centre, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden & Faculty of Health Sciences, Molde University College, Molde, Norway.
    Persson, Sylvie
    School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden & University College of Haraldsplass, Bergen, Norway.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden & School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Baigi, Amir
    General Practice and Public Health, Halland County Council, Falkenberg, Sweden.
    Brunt, David
    School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Alm Roijer, Carin
    The Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Malm, Dan
    School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden & Department of Cardiology, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden .
    Rask, Mikael
    School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Ulrica
    Centre of Heath Care Sciences Örebro County Council and School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden.
    Psychometric evaluation of ‘The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test’ in a Swedish context2012In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 26, no 1, p. 203-208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The patients’ sexual life after a myocardial infarction is important for his/her quality of life. In spite of this, many patients are in doubt regarding their sex life after a myocardial infarction (MI) and the sexual information received, and counselling from health care providers has been seen to be insufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of ‘The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test’ in a Swedish context. A convenience sample was recruited. The scale was translated into Swedish and completed by 79 former patients from The Heart and Lung Patients’ National Association on two occasions, with an interval of 2 weeks. The scale was tested for face and content validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The result in this study indicates that the instrument has good face and content validity and displayed a moderate internal consistency (alpha 0.61). The instrument showed some level of instability in test–retest reliability with 60% of the items presenting moderate or strong agreement between the test and retest. Further studies that use this instrument in larger and more diverse samples are thus needed.

  • 37.
    von Bothmer, Margareta I. K.
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI). Department of Primary Health Care, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden & Department of Nursing Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS). Department of Primary Health Care, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden & Department of Nursing Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Self-rated health among university students in relation to sense of coherence and other personality traits2003In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 17, no 4, p. 347-357Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to determine students' self-rated health in relation to sense of coherence and other personality traits. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used with questionnaires as the means of data collection. The study population comprised a randomized stratified sample of students from a small university in southern Sweden. Ethical approval was obtained from the vice chancellor, and the issues of informed consent, confidentiality, privacy and self-determination were respected. Two instruments were used for data collection; the 29-item Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale, and an instrument created for this Study, named Personality and Health Instrument, containing 52 questions. Self-rated health was estimated by inverse number of health complaints. A factor analysis identified seven factors related to personality traits; the three most important were hardiness, positive affect/optimism and Type A personality. The personality trait variables were tested for correlation with each other as well as with self-rated health. The mean score for SOC was similar for female and male students, but a positive association between SOC and self-rated health was found only among women. Optimism was associated with less health complaints among female students. Type A personality was associated with poorer health both among women and men. The personality traits SOC, positive affect/optimism, hardiness and alienation showed high internal correlations. The SOC scale is discussed in relation to gender specificity and in relation to methodological and conceptual confounding. Further research is needed to explore the relation between SOC, optimism, hardiness, hostility and health. The significance of the study is that it raises questions about the validity and specificity of the SOC instrument and provides ideas for future research to develop the sense of coherence concept and instrument.

  • 38.
    Werkander Harstäde, Carina
    et al.
    Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Gotland University College, Visby, Sweden & Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden & Haraldsplass University College, Bergen, Norway.
    Andershed, Birgitta
    Gjøvik University College, Gjøvik, Norway & Ersta Sköndal University College, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Brunt, David
    Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Guilt and shame – a semantic concept analysis of two concepts related to palliative care2012In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 26, no 4, p. 787-795Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The theoretical viewpoint of the study was based on the fundamental motive in caring science; the suffering person and his/her health and life situation, which according to the philosophy of palliative care also includes the next-of-kin. The latter often wish to participate in the care of their loved ones and it is thus important for them to be able to make decisions that can generate a meaningful participation. Unfulfilled obligations or wrong decisions, concerning their dying relative, can result in experiences of guilt and shame in relation to the care of the loved one. A semantic concept analysis can provide a deeper understanding of these concepts and create a deeper insight into what the concepts mean for the individual.

    Aim

    The aim of the study was to elucidate the meaning of and the distinction between the concepts of guilt and shame.

    Methods

    Semantic concept analysis based on Koort and Eriksson.

    Findings

    The findings show that guilt and shame are two separate concepts. Guilt contains meaning dimensions of being the cause of and sin. Shame contains meaning dimensions of something that gives rise to shame and ability to experience shame. The synonyms for each concept do not overlap each other

    Conclusion

    The semantic analysis creates an understanding of the concepts ontologically and provides a basis for theoretical, contextual and clinical understanding and development. © 2012 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 39.
    Ziegert, Kristina
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Lidell, Evy
    Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI).
    Health in everyday life among spouses of haemodialysis patients: a content analysis2006In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 223-228Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite the fact that haemodialysis requires that spouses support and assist their partner during the treatment period, little attention has been focused on their health. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of health in everyday life among spouses of haemodialysis patients. The study had an explorative and descriptive design based on content analysis. Thirteen participants were interviewed in their home without the presence of the patient. The results show that arduousness was experienced when that spouses' everyday life was taken up by caring for the patient at the expense of his/her own health. Spouses exhibited stamina and neglected their own health when focusing on the patient and minimising their own condition. Independence in everyday life revealed that spouses who cared about themselves and looked after their own health experienced relaxation and happiness, which protected their health. Clinical interventions should include an assessment of the spouses' health and everyday life in order to plan the care to ensure that it is directed towards increasing their independence. Instruments need to be developed that assess when and how spouses experience the greatest sense of well-being, if they have scope for relaxation and recovery, and what type of support they require in their everyday life.

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