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  • 1.
    Ahl, Johanna
    Högskolan i Halmstad.
    Förebygga okontrollerade skogsbränder genom ett skogsbruk med fokus på boreal skogsekologi2020Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
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  • 2.
    Aikens, Ellen O.
    et al.
    Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, United States.
    Mysterud, Atle
    Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
    Merkle, Jerod A.
    Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, United States.
    Cagnacci, Francesca
    Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
    Rivrud, Inger Maren
    Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Oslo, Norway.
    Hebblewhite, Mark
    Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, United States.
    Hurley, Mark A.
    Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Boise, United States.
    Peters, Wibke
    Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, Bayerische Landesanstalt für Wald und Forstwirtschaft, Abteilung Biodiversität, Naturschutz, Jagd, Freising, Germany.
    Bergen, Scott
    Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Boise, United States.
    De Groeve, Johannes
    Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy, Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
    Dwinnell, Samantha P. H.
    Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, United States.
    Gehr, Benedikt
    Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionelle & Evolutive, CNRS, Montpellier, France, Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
    Heurich, Marco
    Department of Visitor Management and National Park Monitoring, Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany, Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
    Hewison, A. J. Mark
    CEFS, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Castanet Tolosan, France, LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, Auzeville Tolosane, France.
    Jarnemo, Anders
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS).
    Wave-like Patterns of Plant Phenology Determine Ungulate Movement Tactics2020Ingår i: Current Biology, ISSN 0960-9822, E-ISSN 1879-0445, Vol. 30, nr 17, s. 3444-3449Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Animals exhibit a diversity of movement tactics [1]. Tracking resources that change across space and time is predicted to be a fundamental driver of animal movement [2]. For example, some migratory ungulates (i.e., hooved mammals) closely track the progression of highly nutritious plant green-up, a phenomenon called "green-wave surfing" [3-5]. Yet general principles describing how the dynamic nature of resources determine movement tactics are lacking [6]. We tested an emerging theory that predicts surfing and the existence of migratory behavior will be favored in environments where green-up is fleeting and moves sequentially across large landscapes (i.e., wave-like green-up) [7]. Landscapes exhibiting wave-like patterns of green-up facilitated surfing and explained the existence of migratory behavior across 61 populations of four ungulate species on two continents (n = 1,696 individuals). At the species level, foraging benefits were equivalent between tactics, suggesting that each movement tactic is fine-tuned to local patterns of plant phenology. For decades, ecologists have sought to understand how animals move to select habitat, commonly defining habitat as a set of static patches [8, 9]. Our findings indicate that animal movement tactics emerge as a function of the flux of resources across space and time, underscoring the need to redefine habitat to include its dynamic attributes. As global habitats continue to be modified by anthropogenic disturbance and climate change [10], our synthesis provides a generalizable framework to understand how animal movement will be influenced by altered patterns of resource phenology.© 2020 Elsevier Inc.

  • 3.
    Al Jawaheri, Raad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap.
    Sahlén, Göran
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS).
    Negative impact of lake liming programmes on the species richness of dragonflies (Odonata): a study from southern Sweden2017Ingår i: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 788, nr 1, s. 99-113Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Liming programmes aiming to restore fish populations are being implemented in many acidified aquatic systems in northern Europe. We studied Odonata communities in 47 forest lakes in SW Sweden, 13 that are currently being limed, and 8 that have previously been limed. Thirty-one species were recorded, with the highest mean number in untreated lakes, followed by previously treated lakes and currently treated lakes. Species communities differed between untreated and limed lakes, but only few rare species found in the untreated lakes were absent in the treated lakes. Likewise, species known to thrive in acid environments were either rare or showed no preferences. Comparing the number of records of odonate species within a large regional area to the proportion of lakes inhabited in our study, we found that seven of the most commonly observed species occurred less frequently in limed lakes than in the untreated ones, including two of the three most common taxa. Reduced species numbers in limed lakes might be due to conditions on other trophic levels, including fish predation. We argue that Odonata should be considered when developing new biological indices of water quality, although the causes of the observed occurrence patterns need to be studied further. © 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

  • 4.
    Alatalo, Juha M.
    et al.
    Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Dai, Junhu
    Institute Of Geographic Sciences And Natural Resources Research, Beijing, China.
    Pandey, Rajiv
    Indian Council Of Forestry Research And Education, Dehradun, India.
    Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher
    Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
    Ahmed, Talaat
    Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Bai, Yang
    Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Mengla, China.
    Molau, Ulf
    University Of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Jägerbrand, Annika
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Impact of ambient temperature, precipitation and seven years of experimental warming and nutrient addition on fruit production in an alpine heath and meadow community2022Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 836, artikel-id 155450Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Alpine and polar regions are predicted to be among the most vulnerable to changes in temperature, precipitation, and nutrient availability. We carried out a seven-year factorial experiment with warming and nutrient addition in two alpine vegetation communities. We analyzed the relationship between fruit production and monthly mean, maximum, and min temperatures during the fall of the pre-fruiting year, the fruiting summer, and the whole fruit production period, and measured the effects of precipitation and growing and thawing degree days (GDD & TDD) on fruit production. Nutrient addition (heath: 27.88 ± 3.19 fold change at the end of the experiment; meadow: 18.02 ± 4.07) and combined nutrient addition and warming (heath: 20.63 ± 29.34 fold change at the end of the experiment; meadow: 18.21 ± 16.28) increased total fruit production and fruit production of graminoids. Fruit production of evergreen and deciduous shrubs fluctuated among the treatments and years in both the heath and meadow. Pre-maximum temperatures had a negative effect on fruit production in both communities, while current year maximum temperatures had a positive impact on fruit production in the meadow. Pre-minimum, pre-mean, current mean, total minimum, and total mean temperatures were all positively correlated with fruit production in the meadow. The current year and total precipitation had a negative effect on the fruit production of deciduous shrubs in the heath. GDD had a positive effect on fruit production in both communities, while TDD only impacted fruit production in the meadow. Increased nutrient availability increased fruit production over time in the high alpine plant communities, while experimental warming had either no effect or a negative effect. Deciduous shrubs were the most sensitive to climate parameters in both communities, and the meadow was more sensitive than the heath. The difference in importance of TDD for fruit production may be due to differences in snow cover in the two communities. © 2022 The Authors

  • 5.
    Alatalo, Juha M.
    et al.
    Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher
    Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
    Molau, Ulf
    Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Chen, Shengbin
    Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China.
    Bai, Yang
    Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China.
    Jägerbrand, Annika
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, Centrum för innovations-, entreprenörskaps- och lärandeforskning (CIEL).
    Changes in plant composition and diversity in an alpine heath and meadow after 18 years of experimental warming2022Ingår i: Alpine Botany, ISSN 1664-2201, E-ISSN 1664-221X, Vol. 132, nr 2, s. 181-193Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Global warming is expected to have large impacts on high alpine and Arctic ecosystems in the future. Here we report effects of 18 years of experimental warming on two contrasting high alpine plant communities in subarctic Sweden. Using open-top chambers, we analysed effects of long-term passive experimental warming on a heath and a meadow. We determined the impact on species composition, species diversity (at the level of rare, common and dominant species), and phylogenetic and functional diversity. Long-term warming drove differentiation in species composition in both communities; warmed plots, but not control plots, had distinctly different species composition in 2013 compared with 1995. Beta diversity increased in the meadow, while it decreased in the heath. Long-term warming had significant negative effects on the three orders of phylogenetic Hill diversity in the meadow. There was a similar tendency in the heath, but only phylogenetic diversity of dominant species was significantly affected. Long-term warming caused reductions in forbs in the heath, while evergreen shrubs increased. In the meadow, deciduous and evergreen shrubs showed increased abundance from 2001 to 2013 in warmed plots. Responses in species and phylogenetic diversity to experimental warming varied over both time (medium (7 years) vs long-term (18 years)) and space (between two neighbouring plant communities). The meadow community was more negatively affected in terms of species and phylogenetic diversity than the heath community. A potential driver for the changes in the meadow may be decreased soil moisture caused by long-term warming. © 2021

  • 6.
    Alatalo, Juha M.
    et al.
    Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Jägerbrand, Annika
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS). Calluna AB, Nacka, Sweden.
    Dai, Junhu
    Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS-HEC, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    Mollazehi, Mohammad D.
    Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Abdel-Salam, Abdel-Salam G.
    Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Pandey, Rajiv
    Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun, India.
    Molau, Ulf
    Göteborgs Universitet, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Effects of ambient climate and three warming treatments on fruit production in an alpine, subarctic meadow community2021Ingår i: American Journal of Botany, ISSN 0002-9122, E-ISSN 1537-2197, Vol. 108, nr 3, s. 411-422Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Premise: Climate change is having major impacts on alpine and arctic regions, and inter-annual variations in temperature are likely to increase. How increased climate variability will impact plant reproduction is unclear. Methods: In a 4-year study on fruit production by an alpine plant community in northern Sweden, we applied three warming regimes: (1) a static level of warming with open-top chambers (OTC), (2) press warming, a yearly stepwise increase in warming, and (3) pulse warming, a single-year pulse event of higher warming. We analyzed the relationship between fruit production and monthly temperatures during the budding period, fruiting period, and whole fruit production period and the effect of winter and summer precipitation on fruit production. Results: Year and treatment had a significant effect on total fruit production by evergreen shrubs, Cassiope tetragona, and Dryas octopetala, with large variations between treatments and years. Year, but not treatment, had a significant effect on deciduous shrubs and graminoids, both of which increased fruit production over the 4 years, while forbs were negatively affected by the press warming, but not by year. Fruit production was influenced by ambient temperature during the previous-year budding period, current-year fruiting period, and whole fruit production period. Minimum and average temperatures were more important than maximum temperature. In general, fruit production was negatively correlated with increased precipitation. Conclusions: These results indicate that predicted increased climate variability and increased precipitation due to climate change may affect plant reproductive output and long-term community dynamics in alpine meadow communities. © 2021 The Authors. American Journal of Botany published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Botanical Society of America

  • 7.
    Alatalo, Juha M.
    et al.
    Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Jägerbrand, Annika K.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher
    Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
    Chen, Shengbin
    Chengdu University Of Technology, Chengdu, China.
    Sun, Shou Qin
    Institute Of Mountain Hazards And Environment, Chengdu, China.
    Molau, Ulf
    University Of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Bryophyte cover and richness decline after 18 years of experimental warming in alpine Sweden2020Ingår i: AoB Plants, E-ISSN 2041-2851, Vol. 12, nr 6, artikel-id plaa061Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Climate change is expected to affect alpine and Arctic tundra communities. Most previous long-term studies have focused on impacts on vascular plants, this study examined impacts of long-term warming on bryophyte communities. Experimental warming with open-top chambers (OTCs) was applied for 18 years to a mesic meadow and a dry heath alpine plant community. Species abundance was measured in 1995, 1999, 2001 and 2013. Species composition changed significantly from original communities in the heath, but remained similar in mesic meadow. Experimental warming increased beta diversity in the heath. Bryophyte cover and species richness both declined with long-term warming, while Simpson diversity showed no significant responses. Over the 18-year period, bryophyte cover in warmed plots decreased from 43 % to 11 % in heath and from 68 % to 35 % in meadow (75 % and 48 % decline, respectively, in original cover), while richness declined by 39 % and 26 %, respectively. Importantly, the decline in cover and richness first emerged after 7 years. Warming caused significant increase in litter in both plant communities. Deciduous shrub and litter cover had negative impact on bryophyte cover. We show that bryophyte species do not respond similarly to climate change. Total bryophyte cover declined in both heath and mesic meadow under experimental long-term warming (by 1.5-3 °C), driven by general declines in many species. Principal response curve, cover and richness results suggested that bryophytes in alpine heath are more susceptible to warming than in meadow, supporting the suggestion that bryophytes may be less resistant in drier environments than in wetter habitats. Species loss was slower than the decline in bryophyte abundance, and diversity remained similar in both communities. Increased deciduous shrub and litter cover led to decline in bryophyte cover. The non-linear response to warming over time underlines the importance of long-term experiments and monitoring. © 2020 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company.

  • 8.
    Alegria Zufia, Javier
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
    Farnelid, Hanna
    Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
    Legrand, Catherine
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet. Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
    Seasonality of Coastal Picophytoplankton Growth, Nutrient Limitation, and Biomass Contribution2021Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology, E-ISSN 1664-302X, Vol. 12, artikel-id 786590Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Picophytoplankton in the Baltic Sea includes the simplest unicellular cyanoprokaryotes (Synechococcus/Cyanobium) and photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPE). Picophytoplankton are thought to be a key component of the phytoplankton community, but their seasonal dynamics and relationships with nutrients and temperature are largely unknown. We monitored pico- and larger phytoplankton at a coastal site in Kalmar Sound (K-Station) weekly during 2018. Among the cyanoprokaryotes, phycoerythrin-rich picocyanobacteria (PE-rich) dominated in spring and summer while phycocyanin-rich picocyanobacteria (PC-rich) dominated during autumn. PE-rich and PC-rich abundances peaked during summer (1.1 × 105 and 2.0 × 105 cells mL–1) while PPE reached highest abundances in spring (1.1 × 105 cells mL–1). PPE was the main contributor to the total phytoplankton biomass (up to 73%). To assess nutrient limitation, bioassays with combinations of nitrogen (NO3 or NH4) and phosphorus additions were performed. PE-rich and PC-rich growth was mainly limited by nitrogen, with a preference for NH4 at >15°C. The three groups had distinct seasonal dynamics and different temperature ranges: 10°C and 17–19°C for PE-rich, 13–16°C for PC-rich and 11–15°C for PPE. We conclude that picophytoplankton contribute significantly to the carbon cycle in the coastal Baltic Sea and underscore the importance of investigating populations to assess the consequences of the combination of high temperature and NH4 in a future climate. Copyright © 2021 Alegria Zufia, Farnelid and Legrand.

  • 9.
    Alkhagen, Ludvin
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Climate change and the butenolide insecticide Flupyradifurones effect on bumblebees (Bombus terrestris)2024Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    In a world where we utilize increasing amounts of pesticides and develop new ones to deal with pests that have grown resistant to pesticides in circulation, studies such as this one need to be conducted to increase our knowledge about how pesticides interact with other risk factors such as global warming. This study investigated the relationship between the butenolide pesticide Flupyradifurone and different temperatures that are predicted to become norm in northern Europe and their effect on bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). There was a significant increase in consumption of sugar solution when bumblebees were fed Flupyradifurone at higher temperatures, whereas control bees had higher consumption at low temperatures. The increase in consumption could indicate that the higher temperatures in the experiment resulted in an increase in toxicity thus resulting in an increase in energy spent due to detoxification. Bumblebees exposed to Flupyradifurone had aberrations in their behaviour such as increased aggressiveness and responsiveness to stimuli, as well as a decrease in movement speed. As a study investigating the synergistic effects of Flupyradifurone and increasing temperatures have not previously been conducted, the findings in this study are new and further testing might be necessary to cement the results.

  • 10.
    Almström, Jennie
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET).
    Gustavsson, Simon
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET).
    Styrketräning en gång per vecka förbättrade anaerob kapacitet hos cyklister och triathleter: En 12 veckor lång interventionsstudie2012Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Triathleter och cyklister är uthållighetsidrottare med extrem träningsvolym och stort krav på aerob kapacitet, dock krävs även anaerob- power och muskelstyrka för delmoment som backar och tempoväxlingar. Många uthållighetsidrottare tvekar över att implementera styrketräning i tron att effekten ska påverka deras prestation negativt, dessutom gör den höga träningsvolymen det svårt att kombinera. Styrketräning som komplement till uthållighetsträning har dock visats ge positiv effekt och kan förslagsvis förbättra prestation. Syftet var att undersöka huruvida ett styrketräningspass per vecka kan förbättra anaerob kapacitet hos cyklister och triathleter samt om en eventuellt ökad benstyrka kan påverka simtiden hos triathleter. Metoden var en interventionsstudie med pre- och posttest där deltagarna fick genomföra ett styrketräningspass innehållandes tre övningar, en gång per vecka under 12 veckors tid, som komplement till ordinarie träning. Resultatet vid test av maximal styrka i benpressmaskin påvisade en signifikant ökad benstyrka för interventionsgruppen med p = 0,001, en styrkeförbättring på 16,5 %. Wingate- testet visade signifikant förbättring för maxeffekt, p = 0,003, en förbättring med 11,1 % samt maxeffekt per kilo kroppsvikt, p = 0,001, en förbättring på 11,9 %. För kontrollgruppen sågs inga noterbara förändringar och inget samband kunde heller ses mellan en ökad benstyrka och simprestation.Vår styrketräning i kombination med deras ordinarie träning kan förslagsvis fungera synergiskt och optimera prestationen. 

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  • 11.
    Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS).
    Bigun, Josef
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS).
    Iris Pupil Detection by Structure Tensor Analysis2011Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper present a pupil detection/segmentation algorithm for iris images based on Structure Tensor analysis. Eigenvalues of the structure tensor matrix have been observed to be high in pupil boundaries and specular reflections of iris images. We exploit this fact to detect the specular reflections region and the boundary of the pupil in a sequential manner. Experimental results are given using the CASIA-IrisV3-Interval database (249 contributors, 396 different eyes, 2,639 iris images). Results show that our algorithm works specially well in detecting the specular reflections (98.98% success rate) and pupil boundary detection is correctly done in 84.24% of the images.

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  • 12.
    Andersen, Emelie
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap.
    Nilsson, Bertil
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Tillämpad matematik och fysik (MPE-lab).
    Sahlén, Göran
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS).
    Survival possibilities of the dragonfly Aeshna viridis (Insecta, Odonata) in southern Sweden predicted from dispersal possibilities2016Ingår i: Journal of Insect Conservation, ISSN 1366-638X, E-ISSN 1572-9753, Vol. 20, nr 2, s. 179-188Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    We use public records from 1980 to 2014 to analyse survival of the EU Annex IV species Aeshna viridis in Sweden, a dragonfly strongly associated with the plant Stratiotes aloides. We clustered localities with S. aloides based on assumed dispersal abilities of A. viridis, using a dispersing radius of 2–100 km, calculating the proportion of sites with S. aloides that A. viridis is able to reach. If mean dispersal capability is high (40 km or above) 92.6 % or more of the localities are connected. For a good disperser, the probability of long-time survival is good. We further analysed the species richness of other Odonata and aquatic plants at 98 localities from the dataset. A. viridis co-occurred with more Odonata in the presence of S. aloides and running water but not in lakes. S. aloides sites had a higher number of other aquatic plants. Area had no impact on the occurrence of the species. For the present situation we surveyed 32 localities with known occurrence of the species. Only half of the sites for S. aloides contained any specimens while A. viridis occurred in the same number of sites. The species co-occurred in only 8 of 32 sites. In four sites A. viridis larvae appeared among Menyanthes trifoliata, Phragmites australis, Potamogeton natans and Sphagnum spp., indicating that at high latitudes A. viridis breeds among other species. Indirect monitoring based only on S. aloides would underestimate the number of populations of the dragonfly. © 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

  • 13.
    Andersen, Naja Steen
    et al.
    Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark.
    Poulsen, Gert
    Danish Institute of Agricultural Services, Aarslev, Denmark.
    Andersen, Bente Anni
    Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark.
    Pödenphant Kiaer, Lars
    Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark.
    D'Hertefeldt, Tina
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Wilkinson, Mike J
    University of Wales, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom.
    Bagger Jörgensen, Rikke
    Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark.
    Processes affecting genetic structure and conservation: A case study of wild and cultivated Brassica rapa2009Ingår i: Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, ISSN 0925-9864, E-ISSN 1573-5109, Vol. 56, nr 2, s. 189-200Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    When planning optimal conservation strategies for wild and cultivated types of a plant species, a number of influencing biological and environmental factors should be considered from the outset. In the present study Brassica rapa was used to illustrate this: to develop Scandinavian conservation strategies for wild and cultivated B. rapa, DNA-marker analysis was performed on 15 cultivated and 17 wild accessions of B. rapa plus 8 accessions of the cross compatible B. napus. The B. rapa cultivars were bred in Sweden and Finland in 1944-1997 and the wild B. rapa material was collected from Denmark, Sweden and United Kingdom. The B. napus accessions were bred within the last 20 years in the Scandinavian countries. Results were based on scoring of 131 polymorphic ISSR markers in the total plant material. A Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach implemented in NewHybrids demonstrated a clear distinction of B. rapa and B. napus individuals except for three individuals that seemed to be backcrosses. The backcrossed hybrids descended from two Swedish populations, one wild and one escaped. The overall pattern of genetic variation and structure in B. rapa showed that cultivated and wild B. rapa accessions formed two almost separated clusters. Geographical origin and breeding history of cultivars were reflected in these genetic relationships. In addition, wild populations from Denmark and Sweden seemed to be closely related, except for a Swedish population, which seemingly was an escaped cultivar. The study point to that many processes, e.g. spontaneous introgression, naturalisation, breeding and agricultural practise affected the genetic structure of wild and cultivated B. rapa populations. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

  • 14. Andersson, Ellen
    et al.
    Nerer, Bea
    Undersökning av sexuell reproduktion hos den invasiva främmande arten parkslide, Reynoutria japonica, i Halmstads tätort2024Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Vi har undersökt potentialen för fröbildning hos den invasiva främmande växten parkslide i Halmstads tätort. Parkslide härstammar från östra Asien och har spridit sig till större delen av Europa där dess kraftiga växtsätt utgör ett hot mot infrastruktur och biologisk mångfald. I sitt ursprungliga område kan växten både sprida sig via sina jordstammar och via frön. Troligtvis sprider sig de flesta av Europas parksliden enbart genom sina jordstammar och lyckad etablering av fröplantor är för nuvarande okänt. I Sverige har hittills inga publicerade undersökningar gjorts om parkslides sexuella reproduktion. Syftet med vårt arbete var att undersöka om frön från parkslide i Halmstad tätort har blivit befruktade och kan potentiellt etablera nya plantor genom sexuell reproduktion. Genom kontrollerade labbexperiment testades parkslidefröns groningsförmåga i både petriskålar och i jord. Experimenten visade att parkslidefröna var befruktade. Majoriteten av fröna placerade i petriskålar klarade att gro under vårt 14 dagars experiment (78,13%) och flera av fröna grodde även i jord (15%). Resultatet visade att parkslidefrönas avstånd till potentiella pollendontatorer ej påverkade grobarheten, inte heller hur många potentiella pollendonatorer som fanns inom en 2 km radie. Hur effektiv parkslide är på att etablera sig i naturen genom sexuell reproduktion är fortfarande outforskat, men vår studie finner bevis för sexuell reproduktion hos parkslide i Halmstad. 

  • 15.
    Andersson, Emelie
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Trulsson, Alexander
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Vilka invasiva främmande växter utgör ett hot mot ekskogar i Västra Götalands län?2022Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Invasiva främmande arter utgör idag ett av de största hoten mot biologisk mångfald, både nationellt och globalt. Sveriges geografiska läge har medfört en relativt begränsad utbredning av invasiva främmande arter men problematiken förväntas öka med framtida klimatförändringar. SLU ArtDatabanken har därför riskklassificerat arter i Sverige utifrån deras potentiella ekologiska effekt på ekosystem samt deras invasionspotential. ArtDatabankens rapport ska ligga till grund för en framtida nationell förteckning där de invasiva främmande arterna med störst skadeverkan nationellt kommer att omfattas av svensk lagstiftning.

    I vår rapport undersöks vilka invasiva främmande landbaserade växter som utgör de största hoten mot ekskogar i Västra Götalands län. Resultatet kan ge ett underlag för att prioritera vilka invasiva främmande växtarter som Länsstyrelsen, i ett tidigt skede, bör rikta åtgärder mot för att bevara och skydda ekskogar i länet. Ek är särskilt skyddsvärt då släktet är ett av Europas viktigaste trädslag och utgör habitat för en stor mängd arter. Invasiva främmande växter kan utgöra ett hot mot ekskogar genom exempelvis beskuggning och konkurrens vilket kan påverka träden negativt. 

    Vi har i vår rapport baserat urvalet av invasiva främmande arter på ArtDatabankens risklista samt EU:s förteckning över invasiva främmande arter av unionsbetydelse. Arbetet utfördes som en GIS-analys och en fältstudie. GIS-analysen baserades på observationer i SLU Artportalen och i fältstudien inventerades 4 skyddade ekskogar i länet. De olika resultaten kan indikera på ett bristfälligt underlag i SLU Artportalen. Resultatet av GIS-analysen visade att det största hotet, både nutida och framtida, mot undersökta ekskogar var parkslide (Reynoutria japonica), medan fältstudien visade att druvfläder (Sambucus racemosa) utgjorde det största nutida hotet i inventerade ekskogar. Antalet observationer av invasiva främmande växter från vår artlista i tätortsnära ekskogar, med tillhörande buffertzoner om 2 kilometer, var fler än i ekskogar och dess buffertzoner som klassades som icke tätortsnära. Skillnaden i antal observationer var signifikant. Resultatet kan bekräfta att invasiva främmande växter är mer förekommande i och kring tätorter, varför hoten mot tätortsnära ekskogar kan vara större än mot icke tätortsnära. Detta överensstämmer med tidigare forskning som visar att spridning av invasiva främmande växter gynnas av mänskliga aktiviteter såsom trädgårdsodling samt hantering och transport av massor.

     

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  • 16.
    Andersson, Emma
    Högskolan i Halmstad.
    A study of how fragmentation affects distribution and diversity among Nymphalidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae (Lepidoptera): in native and exotic forest fragments in southern Brazil2015Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 15 poäng / 22,5 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
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  • 17.
    Andersson, Julia
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap.
    Does clearcutting as a method for forestry impact the aquatic life in lakes nearby?2016Självständigt arbete på avancerad nivå (magisterexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    Clearcutting is the most common method for forestry in Sweden. However research shows that this type of intense management can have a negative impact on biological biodiversity as it interferes with an area’s natural characteristics. Previous studies have mainly focused on biological effects on land. In this study dragonflies were used as biological indicators to investigate the impact of clearcutting in aquatic environments. The result from this study indicate that the use of clearcutting as a method for forestry can, with a certain postponement in time, negatively affect the species diversity of Odonata, and thus also the aquatic biodiversity in lakes in the immediate surroundings of a clearcut area, although it is still unclear exactly how and by which mechanisms. It is also uncertain if the effects are only temporarily, or long-term. If Sweden is to reach the environmental goal of Flourishing Lakes and Streams, it is essential to adopt further safety measures when conducting clearcutting near waters to avoid negative impact on the aquatic biological diversity.

  • 18.
    Andersson, Nelly
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Lindeberg, Richard
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Nattbelysningens påverkan på förekomsten av nattfjärilar i Halmstads urbana grönområden.2023Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Nattfjärilar är en utsatt grupp när det kommer till nattbelysning, eftersom nattbelysning påverkar processer som födosök och reproduktion samt ökar deras mortalitet genom stress och ökad risk för predation. Mörka och belysta lokaler i Halmstads urbana grönområden undersöktes för att studera nattbelysningens påverkan på nattfjärilars individantal och artdiversitet. I studien visade vi på signifikanta skillnader hos både nattfjärilars individantal samt artdiversitet mellan de mörka och belysta lokalerna, där tillhörande analyser visade signifikant färre antal individer och likaså negativ trend för artdiversiteten. Analyserna visade att minskad artdiversitet och individantal i belysta lokaler inte var signifikant korrelerat med belysningsstyrkan i lokalerna. Dock finns det indikationer på att belysningsstyrkan eventuellt haft en negativ påverkan på individantalet och artdiversiteten av nattfjärilar i denna studie. Det fanns en belyst lokal som utmärkte sig med ovanligt hög diversitet där artdiversiteten var det tredje högsta uppmätta värdet i hela studien. Detta kan eventuellt bero på förekomsten av blommande buskage vilket återfanns i direkt anslutning till inventeringsområdet. Vi föreslår därför att blommande växter och buskage kan implementeras som åtgärd för att förebygga nattbelysningens påverkan på nattfjärilspopulationer. Kompletterande samt uppföljande studier av ämnet kring vilka växter som passar specifikt för nattfjärilar behövs, då det i dagsläget är ett ämne som i Sverige behöver utvecklas innan implementering av passande växter kan bli en lämplig åtgärd.

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  • 19.
    Anstrén, Ludwig
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap.
    The Reliability of Cooper ́s Test in Subjects Between 28-60 Years of Age2015Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is a determinant of an individual’s ability to handle oxygen during maximal exercise. To measure VO2max expensive equipment and expertise personnel are required. To make the process of measuring VO2max easier, several submaximal and maximal tests have been created in which an estimation of VO2max could be made. Cooper’s 12-minute run (12MR) was created in 1968 and was tested on 115 military men with a mean age of 22 years. Since then the 12MR test has been re- tested and validated towards maximal treadmill tests on several occasions. When an age of 30 years is reached, VO2max starts to decline with 9-10 percent per decade but can be halted by different forms of exercise. With exercise of moderate to high intensity the decline can be halted by almost 50 percent. Objective: To investigate the reliability of estimated VO2max in a test retest scenario of Cooper ́s 12MR on a mixed healthy population between the ages of 28-60. Method: Nine women and five men, healthy subjects with a mean age of 43 ± 8 participated in the present study. A test retest of Cooper ́s 12MR took place with a minimum of seven days between tests. The subjects had to run as many laps as possible on the track during a 12-minute period. Finished laps were then counted and the fraction of the last lap was measured with a measuring wheel and then added to the total distance. To estimate the subjects’ VO2max Cooper ́s table was used. Results: The single measure Intraclass correlation (ICC) that was found, between the estimated VO2max made from the initial test to the retest on Cooper ́s 12MR, was 0.979. ICC showed a small error variance correlation between the tests and was close to the optimal correlation of 1.0. Conclusion: A standardized protocol for performing Cooper ́s 12MR showed good repeatability for estimating VO2max in two separate tests for a mixed population between 28 to 60 years of age. 

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  • 20.
    Ardenstedt, Jonathan
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Fridefors, Patricia
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Effekter av en toxisk cocktail av Roundup och livsmedelsklassad polypropylenplast på vattenloppan Daphnia Magna2023Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Gifter och föroreningar förekommer sällan ensamma och studier om olika toxiska substanser genomförs ofta med endast en substans i taget. Det finns studier som har undersökt exempel på olika cocktails av substanser, men ibland är det svårt att identifiera alla källor som påverkar en organism. Vi har undersökt hur en kombination av ogräsmedlet Roundup och livsmedelsklassad polypropylenplast påverkar det sötvattenlevande kräftdjuret Daphnia magna. Vi fann att i högre doser orsakar Roundup 100% dödlighet innan könsmognad, men att det i små doser inte resulterar i lägre fitness än kontrollgruppen, utan till och med ökade den initiala överlevnaden när den tillsattes i plastbrukar. En cocktail av Roundup och plast orsakade en fördubblad utvecklingstid för äggen. Ägg från individer i plastburkar hade också en längre utvecklingstid men dessa individer hade även ett mycket högre antal ägg. Framtida studier bör undersöka avkommans fitness. Tidigt i studien upptäckte vi att det med stor sannolikhet fanns en tredje faktor som påverkade daphnierna negativt, som inte kunde förklaras av Roundup eller plastburkar, men som vi inte kunde identifiera. Därför vill vi också framhäva att experiment lätt kan påverkas av okända faktorer.      

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  • 21. Aronsson, H.
    et al.
    Almqvist, J.
    Sundqvist, C.
    Timko, M.P.
    Dahlin, Clas
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS), Växtcellbiologi: Energiomvandling i växtceller.
    Characterization of the plastid import reaction of the pea NADPH-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR)1998Ingår i: The Chloroplast: From Molecular Biology to Biotechnology / [ed] Joan H. Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, Horst Senger, New York: Springer-Verlag , 1998, s. 167-170Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    NADPH: protochlorophyllide (POR) is a vital enzyme in the biosynthesis of chlorophyl where it catalyzes the reduction of Pchlide into Chlide in a light-dependent manner. POR is nucleus-encoded and imported into the plastids where it is found at the inner membranes. Together with its substrate and the co-factor NADPH it forms a ternary complex which is needed for catalytical activity. The anomaly of a decreasing POR level during active chlorophyll synthesis was cleared with the discovery of two different POR proteins, POR-A and POR-B, in barley and Arabidopsis thaliana. During greening, POR-A is negatively regulated by light both at transcriptional and proteolytical levels. In addition, the import of POR-A, but not POR-B, has been suggestedto require Pchlide in order to be translocated into the plastid. In this respect, POR-A differs from other known nucleus-encoded plastid proteins, and as it appears, this requirements represents a novel and exclusive import characteristic. In pea, only one POR gene has been found indicating that the situation for the regulation of POR import and accumulation is far from clear. We here present a characterization of the import conditions of the pea POR, including the potentional role of Pchlide inthe translocation step.

  • 22.
    Aronsson, Henrik
    et al.
    Department of Biology, Leicester University, Leicester, United Kingdom.
    Sundqvist, Christer
    Department of Plant Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Dahlin, Clas
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS), Växtcellbiologi: Energiomvandling i växtceller.
    POR – import and membrane association of a key element in chloroplast development2003Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum, ISSN 0031-9317, E-ISSN 1399-3054, Vol. 118, nr 1, s. 1-9Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of proplastids or etioplasts to chloroplast is visualized by the accumulation of chlorophyll in leaves of higher plants. The biosynthesis of chlorophyll includes a light-dependent reduction of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to chlorophyllide (Chlide). This light-dependent step is catalysed by the nucleus-encoded NADPH:Pchlide oxidoreductase (POR, EC 1.6.99.1). POR is active within plastids and therefore has to be translocated over the plastid envelope membranes. The import of chloroplast proteins seems to follow a general import pathway using translocons at the outer and inner envelope membrane. POR cross-linking to Toc75, one of the major translocon components at the outer envelope membrane, indicates its use of the general import pathway. However, since variations exist within the so-called general import pathway one has to consider previous data suggesting a novel totally Pchlide-dependent import pathway of one POR isoform, PORA. The suggested Pchlide dependency of POR import is discussed since recent observations contradict this idea. In the stroma the POR transit peptide is cleaved off and the mature POR protein is targeted to the plastid inner membranes. The correct and stable association of POR to the membrane requires the cofactor NADPH. Functional activity of POR calls for formation of an NADPH–Pchlide–POR complex, a formation that probably takes place after the membrane association and is dependent on a phosphorylation reaction.

  • 23.
    Aronsson, Henrik
    et al.
    Department of Biology, Leicester University, United Kingdom.
    Sundqvist, Christer
    Department of Plant Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Dahlin, Clas
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS), Växtcellbiologi: Energiomvandling i växtceller.
    POR hits the road: import and assembly of a plastid protein2003Ingår i: Plant Molecular Biology, ISSN 0167-4412, E-ISSN 1573-5028, Vol. 51, nr 1, s. 1-7Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The biosynthesis of chlorophyll is a strictly light-dependent multistep process in higher plants. The light-dependent step is catalysed by NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR, EC.1.6.99.1), which reduces protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to chlorophyllide (Chlide). POR is nucleus-encoded and post-translationally imported into plastids. It has been proposed that the import of a POR protein isozyme (PORA) is totally dependent on Pchlide and uses a novel import pathway. This proposal is based on findings that PORA import only occurs in the presence of Pchlide and that the presence of overexpressed precursor of Rubisco small subunit (pSS), a protein which is known to use the general import pathway, does not outcompete PORA import. Another study demonstrated that POR precursor protein (pPOR) can be cross-linked to one of the components in the translocation machinery, Toc75, in the absence of Pchlide, and that its import can be outcompeted by the addition of the pSS. This indicates that pSS and pPOR may use the same translocation mechanism. Thus, POR does not necessarily need Pchlide for import – which is in contrast to earlier observations – and the exact POR import mechanism remains unresolved. Once in the stroma, the POR transit peptide is cleaved off and the mature POR protein is associated to the plastid inner membranes. Formation of the correct membrane–associated, thermolysin-protected assembly is strictly dependent of NADPH. As a final step, the formation of the NADPH-Pchlide-POR complex occurs. When POR accumulates in the membranes of proplastids, an attraction of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) can occur, leading to the formation of prolamellar bodies (PLBs) and the development of etioplasts in darkness.

  • 24.
    Aronsson, Henrik
    et al.
    Department of Plant Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Sundqvist, Christer
    Department of Plant Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Timko, Michael P.
    Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.
    Dahlin, Clas
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS).
    Characterisation of the assembly pathway of the pea NADPH:protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) oxidoreductase (POR), with emphasis on the role of its substrate, Pchlide2001Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum, ISSN 0031-9317, E-ISSN 1399-3054, Vol. 111, nr 2, s. 239-244Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The homologous import and membrane association of a key enzyme for chlorophyll biosynthesis, the NADPH:protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) oxidoreductase (PAR, EC 1.6.99.1) into pea chloroplasts was investigated in vitro. The co-factor, NADPH, decreased binding of the precursor protein (pPOR) to the envelope membranes in the presence of ATP. The decrease of the binding reaction with NADPH was not observed with the precursor of the small subunit of Rubisco (pSS). To investigate possible substrate-dependency for the import reaction, internal Pchlide concentrations in the plastids were raised by either an addition of ÎŽ-aminolevulinic acid to isolated plastids or etiolation of the seedlings prior to plastid isolation. Increased amounts of plastid-bound Pchlide gave no observable differences in POR import. The capacity of POR and 11 different POR mutants, carrying charged-to-alanine scanning substitutions, to form a catalytically active POR-Pchlide-NADPH complex and to associate with the thylakoid membranes in a protease-resistant way were tested. Wild-type POR, as well as the mutants with charge substitutions in the N-terminal region of the protein, exhibited higher catalytic activity than the POR mutants carrying substitutions in the C-terminal region. Formation of a catalytically active complex did not, however, increase the association efficiency onto the thylakoids. We can, therefore, postulate that the import of pea POR into pea chloroplasts was not substrate-dependent, nor did formation of catalytically active complexes stimulate or inhibit the membrane association reaction of POR.

  • 25.
    Arvidsson, Susann
    et al.
    Research and Development Centre, Spenshult hospital for rheumatic diseases, Oskarström, Sweden.
    Bergman, Stefan
    Research and Development Centre, Spenshult hospital for rheumatic diseases, Oskarström, Sweden.
    Arvidsson, Barbro
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, Centrum för forskning om välfärd, hälsa och idrott (CVHI).
    Fridlund, Bengt
    School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Bengtsson-Tops, Anita
    School of Health Sciences & Social Work, Växjö University, Växjö, Sweden.
    People with Rheumatic Diseases Experiences of Health-Promoting Self-Care2010Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, ISSN 0003-4967, E-ISSN 1468-2060, Vol. 69, nr Suppl. 3, s. 743-743Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: People with rheumatic diseases estimate their health status low. The health status and health belief are influencing the choice of self-care behaviours. Self-care behaviours are common and could prevent loss of valued life activities and health. Little is known of how people with rheumatic diseases experience self-care.

    Objectives: To describe people with rheumatic diseases experiences of health-promoting self-care.

    Methods: The study had a phenomenological approach based on a reflective life-world perspective. Data were gathered by unstructured and open-ended interviews with 12 individuals with various diagnoses of rheumatic diseases.

    Results: For people with rheumatic diseases, self-care was a way of life and implied being ready at all times to understand and respond to signals from the lived body. Self-care was experienced as an internal dialogue within the lived body but also as an external dialogue with the immediate environment. Self-care could also be described as a power struggle where the individuals strived and forced themselves to fight the diseases and its concrete consequences. The self-care also required that choices were made. Crucial for the choices were trust in oneself and belief in one's own ability to chosen health-promoting self-care. The individual prioritised self-care that was experienced as a beneficial and/or a reward for the lived body.

    Conclusion: People with rheumatic diseases experienced self-care as a way of life and that it meant to be ready at all times to understand and respond to signals that the lived body sends out. Self-care required dialogue, power struggle and choice. This knowledge ads to a fuller understanding of factors that from a patient perspective are important for health when living with a chronic rheumatic disease.

    Disclosure of Interest: None declared

  • 26.
    Bartholdsson, David
    Högskolan i Halmstad.
    Den invasiva vresrosens (Rosa rugosa) etablering samt återetablering i de sanddominerade miljöerna i Gullbranna/Tönnersa naturreservat2018Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Vresrosen, Rosa rugosa, är en kraftigt invasiv art med en oerhörd konkurrenskraft i sanddominerademiljöer såsom sanddyner och sandblottor. Ofta leder etableringen av R. rugosa i dessasanddominerade miljöer till total igenväxning av området med en starkt negativ påverkan på deninhemska floran och faunan. Då merparten av arterna i dessa habitat är beroende av den unika miljönsom den skiftande sanden skapar så innebär igenväxningen ett mycket stort hot. När området bindsupp till en mer stabil miljö utan det permanent tidiga successionsstadium som den vanligtvis befinnersig i så påverkar det även näringsmängden i sanden med ökade näringshalter samt att de varma, öppnamicrositesen försvinner tillsammans med sandens förmåga att röra sig. Eftersom många av deovanliga och hotade arterna kräver en väldigt specifik miljö så försvinner de ofta också närigenväxningen nått så här långt. Denna studie fokuserar på vresrosens etablering och påverkan isanddominerade miljöer. Studien går även in forskning kring samt hur man praktiskt bekämparväxten, då den hotar många ekologiskt viktiga områden. Dessutom hanterar rapporten mina egnaresultat efter inventeringar i Gullbranna/Tönnersa, ett område som historiskt sett varit mycket hårtpåverkat av vresrosen.

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  • 27.
    Begg, Graham
    et al.
    James hutton Institute, UK.
    Hawes, Cathy
    James Hutton Institute, UK.
    Marshall, B
    James Hutton Institute UK.
    D'Hertefeldt, Tina
    Young, Mark W
    James Hutton Institute, UK.
    Squire, Geoff
    James Hutton Institute.
    Wright, GM
    Dispersal and persistence of feral oilseed rape – mechanisms and consequences2002Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 28. Berg, Elena C.
    et al.
    Lind, Martin I.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Monahan, Shannon
    Bricout, Sophie
    Maklakov, Alexei A.
    Kin but less than kind: within-group male relatedness does not increase female fitness in seed beetles2019Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 286, nr 1910Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Theory maintains within-group male relatedness can mediate sexual conflict by reducing male–male competition and collateral harm to females. We tested whether male relatedness can lessen female harm in the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. Male relatedness did not influence female lifetime reproductive success or individual fitness across two different ecologically relevant scenarios of mating competition. However, male relatedness marginally improved female survival. Because male relatedness improved female survival in late life when C. maculatus females are no longer producing offspring, our results do not provide support for the role of within-group male relatedness in mediating sexual conflict. The fact that male relatedness improves the post-reproductive part of the female life cycle strongly suggests that the effect is non-adaptive. We discuss adaptive and non-adaptive mechanisms that could result in reduced female harm in this and previous studies, and suggest that cognitive error is a likely explanation.

  • 29. Berger, David
    et al.
    Grieshop, Karl
    Lind, Martin I.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Goenaga, Julieta
    Maklakov, Alexei A
    Arnqvist, Göran
    Intralocus sexual conflict and environmental stress2014Ingår i: Evolution, Vol. 68, s. 2184-2196Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 30. Berger, David
    et al.
    Martinossi-Allibert, Ivain
    Grieshop, Karl
    Lind, Martin I.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Maklakov, Alexei A.
    Arnqvist, Göran
    Intralocus sexual conflict and the tragedy of the commons in seed beetles2016Ingår i: American Naturalist, ISSN 0003-0147, E-ISSN 1537-5323, Vol. 188Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The evolution of male traits that inflict direct harm on females during mating interactions can result in a so-called tragedy of the commons, where selfish male strategies depress population viability. This tragedy of the commons can be magnified by intralocus sexual conflict (IaSC) whenever alleles that reduce fecundity when expressed in females spread in the population because of their benefits in males. We evaluated this prediction by detailed phenotyping of 73 isofemale lines of the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. We quantified genetic variation in life history and morphology, as well as associated covariance in male and female adult reproductive success. In parallel, we created replicated artificial populations of each line and measured their productivity. Genetic constraints limited independent trait expression in the sexes, and we identified several instances of sexually antagonistic covariance between traits and fitness, signifying IaSC. Population productivity was strongly positively correlated to female adult reproductive success but uncorrelated with male reproductive success. Moreover, male (female) phenotypic optima for several traits under sexually antagonistic selection were exhibited by the genotypes with the lowest (highest) population productivity. Our study forms a direct link between individual-level sex-specific selection and population demography and places life-history traits at the epicenter of these dynamics.

  • 31. Berger, David
    et al.
    You, Tao
    Minano, Maravillas R.
    Grieshop, Karl
    Lind, Martin I.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Arnqvist, Göran
    Maklakov, Alexei A.
    Sexually antagonistic selection on genetic variation underlying both male and female same-sex sexual behavior2016Ingår i: BMC Evolutionary Biology, E-ISSN 1471-2148, Vol. 16Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Intralocus sexual conflict, arising from selection for different alleles at the same locus in males and females, imposes a constraint on sex-specific adaptation. Intralocus sexual conflict can be alleviated by the evolution of sex-limited genetic architectures and phenotypic expression, but pleiotropic constraints may hinder this process. Here, we explored putative intralocus sexual conflict and genetic (co)variance in a poorly understood behavior with near male-limited expression. Same-sex sexual behaviors (SSBs) generally do not conform to classic evolutionary models of adaptation but are common in male animals and have been hypothesized to result from perception errors and selection for high male mating rates. However, perspectives incorporating sex-specific selection on genes shared by males and females to explain the expression and evolution of SSBs have largely been neglected.

  • 32.
    Berggren, Thomas
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS), Biovetenskap.
    Does type of habitat affect tick-burden in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) neonates?2015Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    This study was investigating the relationships between: 1) habitat type and tick abundance, 2) habitat type and tick load on fawns, and 3) tick load and fawn survival. During two years and in two study areas, 105 fawns (57 fawns in Bogesund and 48 fawns in Grimsö) have been captured by hand and equipped with a radio-transmitter. The fawns’ positions have then been triangulated almost every day until they died or had at least 30 positions. The surviving fawns were recaptured when they were estimated to have a weight of 3.6 kg. Ticks were collected from the fawns during both the capture and the recapture. By using the flagging-method, in which a white sheet is dragged along the ground, ticks were also collected from the vegetation. A vegetation map was used to determine the habitat on transects and the home range of the fawns. The study areas showed different results regarding in which habitat the ticks were found. At Grimsö ticks seems to favor deciduous forest and mixed forest not on mires. At Bogesund the favored tick habitat was instead coniferous forest with trees between five to fifteen meters. In Bogesund there was a positive correlation between tick-burden and percent of coniferous forest on lichen-dominated areas that covered fawn home ranges. No relationship could be found between ticks and the survival of the fawns. A positive correlation between surviving days and tick load during first capture could instead be found on fawns that died within 30 days.

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  • 33.
    Bergström, Jakob
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap.
    Vedlevande Coleoptera och Hemiptera förekomst på öar i Kolsnaren i sydvästra Södermanland2017Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 180 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    SAMMANFATTNING

    Sju öar i Kolsnaren har undersökts. Jag har inventerat vedlevande insekter och undersökt vilka karaktärer på död ved (art, grovlek, rötstadie och solexponering) samt karaktärer på öarna (storlek, avstånd till land, ljusinsläpp, trädarter samt mängden död ved) som påverkar artantalet av skalbaggar (Coleoptera) och halvvingar (Hemiptera). Denna studie visade på ett relativt lågt artantal av skalbaggar och halvvingar men troligen finns det många fler arter, framförallt fler sällsynta liksom hotade arter. Öarnas karaktärer varierade mellan varandra men även på de enskilda öarna var det variationer i form av olika trädarter, grovlek, rötstadier och solexponering av den döda veden. Därför finns det goda förutsättningar för en mängd olika vedlevande arter med varierande habitatkrav att finna lämpligt substrat. Öarna är delvis isolerade av vatten men det utgör inget större hinder för de flesta skalbaggar. Däremot är det viktigt att det finns gott om död ved med varierande karaktärer runt omkring Kolsnaren så att vedlevande skalbaggar får möjlighet att sprida sig och återkolonisera öarna då även habitaten ändras med tiden. Den döda vedens grovlek och rötstadie var de karaktärerna som hade störst inverkan på antalet arter.

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  • 34.
    Bilstrup, Urban
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Centrum för forskning om inbyggda system (CERES).
    Bilstrup, Katrin
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Centrum för forskning om inbyggda system (CERES).
    Svensson, Bertil
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Centrum för forskning om inbyggda system (CERES).
    Wiberg, Per-Arne
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Centrum för forskning om inbyggda system (CERES).
    Using Dual-Radio Nodes to Enable Quality of Service in a Clustered Wireless Mesh Network2006Ingår i: IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, 2006. ETFA '06, Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE Press, 2006, s. 54-61Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper some well established wireless technologies are merged into a new concept solution for a future industrial wireless mesh network. The suggested clustered wireless mesh network can handle probabilistic quality of service guarantees and is based on a dual-radio node architecture using synchronized frequency hopping spread spectrum Bluetooth radios. The proposed architecture gives a heuristic solution to the inter-cluster scheduling problem of gateway nodes in clustered architectures and breaks up the dependence between the local medium access schedules of adjacent clusters. The dual-radio feature also enables higher network connectivity, implying, for example, that a higher link redundancy can be achieved.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 35.
    Biurrun, Idoia
    et al.
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
    Pielech, Remigiusz
    Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kollataja w Krakowie, Krakow, Poland; Foundation for Biodiversity Research, Wroclaw, Poland.
    Dembicz, Iwona
    Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw, Poland; Zürcher Hochschule Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
    Gillet, François
    Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besancon, France.
    Kozub, Łukasz
    Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw, Poland.
    Marcenò, Corrado
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain; Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Reitalu, Triin
    Tallinna Tehnikaülikool, Tallinn, Estonia.
    Van Meerbeek, Koenraad
    KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
    Guarino, Riccardo
    Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
    Chytrý, Milan
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Pakeman, Robin J.
    The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
    Preislerová, Zdenka
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Axmanová, Irena
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Burrascano, Sabina
    Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
    Bartha, Sándor
    Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vacratot, Hungary.
    Boch, Steffen
    Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
    Bruun, Hans Henrik
    Københavns Universitet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Conradi, Timo
    Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
    De Frenne, Pieter
    Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium.
    Essl, Franz
    Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.
    Filibeck, Goffredo
    Università degli Studi della Tuscia Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy.
    Hájek, Michal
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja
    Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
    Kuzemko, Anna
    M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Kiev, Ukraine.
    Molnár, Zsolt
    Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vacratot, Hungary.
    Pärtel, Meelis
    Ökoloogia ja Maateaduste Instituut, Tartu, Estonia.
    Pätsch, Ricarda
    University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
    Prentice, Honor C.
    Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden.
    Roleček, Jan
    Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Pruhonice, Czech Republic.
    Sutcliffe, Laura M. E.
    Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Gottingen, Germany.
    Terzi, Massimo
    CNR Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, Bari, Bari, Italy.
    Winkler, Manuela
    Osterreichische Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Vienna, Austria; Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, Austria.
    Wu, Jianshuang
    Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
    Aćić, Svetlana
    University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
    Acosta, Alicia T. R.
    Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
    Afif, Elias
    Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
    Akasaka, Munemitsu
    Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan.
    Alatalo, Juha M.
    Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Aleffi, Michele
    Università degli Studi di Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
    Aleksanyan, Alla
    National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia.
    Ali, Arshad
    Hebei University, Baoding, China.
    Apostolova, Iva
    Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Ashouri, Parvaneh
    Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization, Iran, Tehran, Iran.
    Bátori, Zoltán
    Szegedi Tudományegyetem (SZTE), Szeged, Hungary.
    Baumann, Esther
    Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
    Becker, Thomas
    Universitat Trier, Trier, Germany.
    Belonovskaya, Elena
    Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
    Benito Alonso, José Luis
    JOLUBE Consultor Botánico, Jaca, Spain.
    Berastegi, Asun
    Environmental Management of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
    Bergamini, Ariel
    Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
    Bhatta, Kuber Prasad
    Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Bonini, Ilaria
    Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy.
    Büchler, Marc-Olivier
    Zürcher Hochschule Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
    Budzhak, Vasyl
    Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
    Bueno, Álvaro
    Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
    Buldrini, Fabrizio
    Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
    Campos, Juan Antonio
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
    Cancellieri, Laura
    Università degli Studi della Tuscia Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy.
    Carboni, Marta
    Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
    Ceulemans, Tobias
    KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
    Chiarucci, Alessandro
    Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
    Chocarro, Cristina
    Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
    Conti, Luisa
    Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Rome, Italy; Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Pruhonice, Czech Republic; Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
    Csergő, Anna Mária
    Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Godollo, Hungary.
    Cykowska-Marzencka, Beata
    Zürcher Hochschule Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Wladyslaw Szafer Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland.
    Czarniecka-Wiera, Marta
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy, Warsaw, Poland; University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
    Czarnocka-Cieciura, Marta
    National Information Processing Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
    Czortek, Patryk
    Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw, Poland.
    Danihelka, Jiří
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Pruhonice, Czech Republic.
    de Bello, Francesco
    Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
    Deák, Balázs
    Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vacratot, Hungary.
    Demeter, László
    National Agency for Protected Areas, Miercurea-Ciuc, Romania.
    Deng, Lei
    Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
    Diekmann, Martin
    Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
    Dolezal, Jiri
    Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Pruhonice, Czech Republic; Jihočeská Univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
    Dolnik, Christian
    Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
    Dřevojan, Pavel
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Dupré, Cecilia
    Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
    Ecker, Klaus
    Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
    Ejtehadi, Hamid
    Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
    Erschbamer, Brigitta
    Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
    Etayo, Javier
    I.E.S. Zizur Institute, Pamplona, Spain.
    Etzold, Jonathan
    ESTOK UG, Bernau (bei Berlin), Germany.
    Farkas, Tünde
    Nemzeti Park Igazgatóságok, Hungary, Kecskemet, Hungary.
    Farzam, Mohammad
    Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
    Fayvush, George
    National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia.
    Fernández Calzado, María Rosa
    Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Farmacia, Granada, Spain.
    Finckh, Manfred
    Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
    Fjellstad, Wendy
    The Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, As, Norway.
    Fotiadis, Georgios
    Geoponiko Panepistimion Athinon, Athens, Greece.
    García-Magro, Daniel
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
    García-Mijangos, Itziar
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
    Gavilán, Rosario G.
    Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
    Germany, Markus
    Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
    Ghafari, Sahar
    University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
    Giusso del Galdo, Gian Pietro
    Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy.
    Grytnes, John-Arvid
    Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Güler, Behlül
    Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Izmir, Turkey.
    Gutiérrez-Girón, Alba
    Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
    Helm, Aveliina
    Ökoloogia ja Maateaduste Instituut, Tartu, Estonia.
    Herrera, Mercedes
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
    Hüllbusch, Elisabeth M.
    Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
    Ingerpuu, Nele
    Ökoloogia ja Maateaduste Instituut, Tartu, Estonia.
    Jägerbrand, Annika
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS).
    Jandt, Ute
    Martin-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
    Janišová, Monika
    Institute of Botany Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
    Jeanneret, Philippe
    Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Reckenholz-Tanikon, Zurich, Switzerland.
    Jeltsch, Florian
    Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
    Jensen, Kai
    Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
    Jentsch, Anke
    Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
    Kącki, Zygmunt
    University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
    Kakinuma, Kaoru
    Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
    Kapfer, Jutta
    The Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, As, Norway.
    Kargar, Mansoureh
    Natural Resources and Watershed Management Administration of Alborz Province, Karaj, Iran.
    Kelemen, András
    Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vacratot, Hungary.
    Kiehl, Kathrin
    Fachhochschule Osnabrück, Osnabruck, Germany.
    Kirschner, Philipp
    Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
    Koyama, Asuka
    Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan.
    Langer, Nancy
    Stiftung Naturschutzfonds Brandenburg, Potsdam, Germany.
    Lazzaro, Lorenzo
    Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
    Lepš, Jan
    Jihočeská Univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
    Li, Ching-Feng
    National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Li, Frank Yonghong
    Inner Mongolia University China, Hohhot, China.
    Liendo, Diego
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
    Lindborg, Regina
    Stockholms universitet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Löbel, Swantje
    Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
    Lomba, Angela
    Universidade do Porto, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Fornelo e Vairao, Portugal.
    Lososová, Zdeňka
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Lustyk, Pavel
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Luzuriaga, Arantzazu L.
    Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
    Ma, Wenhong
    Inner Mongolia University China, Hohhot, China.
    Maccherini, Simona
    Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy.
    Magnes, Martin
    Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria.
    Malicki, Marek
    University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland; Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
    Manthey, Michael
    Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
    Mardari, Constantin
    Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Iasi, Romania.
    May, Felix
    Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
    Mayrhofer, Helmut
    Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria.
    Meier, Eliane Seraina
    Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Reckenholz-Tanikon, Zurich, Switzerland.
    Memariani, Farshid
    Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
    Merunková, Kristina
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Michelsen, Ottar
    Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet, Trondheim, Norway.
    Molero Mesa, Joaquín
    Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Farmacia, Granada, Spain.
    Moradi, Halime
    University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
    Moysiyenko, Ivan
    Kherson State University, Kherson, Ukraine.
    Mugnai, Michele
    Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
    Naqinezhad, Alireza
    University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
    Natcheva, Rayna
    Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Ninot, Josep M.
    Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
    Nobis, Marcin
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Krakow, Poland.
    Noroozi, Jalil
    Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.
    Nowak, Arkadiusz
    Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland; Uniwersytet Opolski, Opole, Poland.
    Onipchenko, Vladimir
    Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
    Palpurina, Salza
    Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria; National Museum of Natural History Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Pauli, Harald
    Osterreichische Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Vienna, Austria; Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, Austria.
    Pedashenko, Hristo
    Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Pedersen, Christian
    The Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, As, Norway.
    Peet, Robert K.
    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.
    Pérez-Haase, Aaron
    Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain.
    Peters, Jan
    Michael Succow Foundation, Greifswald, Germany.
    Pipenbaher, Nataša
    Univerza v Mariboru, Maribor, Slovenia.
    Pirini, Chrisoula
    School of Biology, Thessaloniki, Greece.
    Pladevall-Izard, Eulàlia
    Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
    Plesková, Zuzana
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Potenza, Giovanna
    Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy.
    Rahmanian, Soroor
    Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
    Rodríguez-Rojo, Maria Pilar
    Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.
    Ronkin, Vladimir
    V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
    Rosati, Leonardo
    Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy.
    Ruprecht, Eszter
    Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
    Rusina, Solvita
    Latvijas Universitāte, Riga, Latvia.
    Sabovljević, Marko
    University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
    Sanaei, Anvar
    Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
    Sánchez, Ana M.
    Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
    Santi, Francesco
    Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
    Savchenko, Galina
    V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
    Sebastià, Maria Teresa
    Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
    Shyriaieva, Dariia
    M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Kiev, Ukraine.
    Silva, Vasco
    Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
    Škornik, Sonja
    Univerza v Mariboru, Maribor, Slovenia.
    Šmerdová, Eva
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Sonkoly, Judit
    Debreceni Egyetem, Debrecen, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Functional and Restoration Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary.
    Sperandii, Marta Gaia
    Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Rome, Italy; CSIC-GV-UV - Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación, Moncada, Spain.
    Staniaszek-Kik, Monika
    University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
    Stevens, Carly
    Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
    Stifter, Simon
    EURAC Research, Bolzano, Italy.
    Suchrow, Sigrid
    Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
    Swacha, Grzegorz
    University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
    Świerszcz, Sebastian
    Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland; Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland.
    Talebi, Amir
    University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
    Teleki, Balázs
    Debreceni Egyetem, Debrecen, Hungary.
    Tichý, Lubomír
    Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, Czech Republic.
    Tölgyesi, Csaba
    Szegedi Tudományegyetem (SZTE), Szeged, Hungary.
    Torca, Marta
    Universidad del Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
    Török, Péter
    Debreceni Egyetem, Debrecen, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Functional and Restoration Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary.
    Tsarevskaya, Nadezda
    Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
    Tsiripidis, Ioannis
    School of Biology, Thessaloniki, Greece.
    Turisová, Ingrid
    Matej Bel University, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia.
    Ushimaru, Atushi
    Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
    Valkó, Orsolya
    Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vacratot, Hungary.
    Van Mechelen, Carmen
    PXL University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
    Vanneste, Thomas
    Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium.
    Vasheniak, Iuliia
    Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine.
    Vassilev, Kiril
    Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Viciani, Daniele
    Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
    Villar, Luis
    Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Zaragoza, Spain.
    Virtanen, Risto
    University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
    Vitasović-Kosić, Ivana
    University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia.
    Vojtkó, András
    Eszterhazy Karoly University, Heves County, Hungary.
    Vynokurov, Denys
    M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Kiev, Ukraine.
    Waldén, Emelie
    Stockholms universitet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wang, Yun
    Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany.
    Weiser, Frank
    Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
    Wen, Lu
    Inner Mongolia University China, Hohhot, China.
    Wesche, Karsten
    German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
    White, Hannah
    Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
    Widmer, Stefan
    Zürcher Hochschule Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
    Wolfrum, Sebastian
    Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Freising, Germany; Institute for Organic Farming, Freising, Germany.
    Wróbel, Anna
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Krakow, Poland.
    Yuan, Zuoqiang
    Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
    Zelený, David
    National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Zhao, Liqing
    Inner Mongolia University China, Hohhot, China.
    Dengler, Jürgen
    Zürcher Hochschule Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
    Benchmarking plant diversity of Palaearctic grasslands and other open habitats2021Ingår i: Journal of Vegetation Science, ISSN 1100-9233, E-ISSN 1654-1103, Vol. 32, nr 4, artikel-id e13050Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Journal of Vegetation Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association for Vegetation Science.Aims: Understanding fine-grain diversity patterns across large spatial extents is fundamental for macroecological research and biodiversity conservation. Using the GrassPlot database, we provide benchmarks of fine-grain richness values of Palaearctic open habitats for vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and complete vegetation (i.e., the sum of the former three groups). Location: Palaearctic biogeographic realm. Methods: We used 126,524 plots of eight standard grain sizes from the GrassPlot database: 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 m2 and calculated the mean richness and standard deviations, as well as maximum, minimum, median, and first and third quartiles for each combination of grain size, taxonomic group, biome, region, vegetation type and phytosociological class. Results: Patterns of plant diversity in vegetation types and biomes differ across grain sizes and taxonomic groups. Overall, secondary (mostly semi-natural) grasslands and natural grasslands are the richest vegetation type. The open-access file ”GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks” and the web tool “GrassPlot Diversity Explorer” are now available online (https://edgg.org/databases/GrasslandDiversityExplorer) and provide more insights into species richness patterns in the Palaearctic open habitats. Conclusions: The GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks provide high-quality data on species richness in open habitat types across the Palaearctic. These benchmark data can be used in vegetation ecology, macroecology, biodiversity conservation and data quality checking. While the amount of data in the underlying GrassPlot database and their spatial coverage are smaller than in other extensive vegetation-plot databases, species recordings in GrassPlot are on average more complete, making it a valuable complementary data source in macroecology. © 2021 The Authors.

  • 36.
    Björkman, Linnea
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Johansson, Johanna
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Utbredning av vattenpest (Elodea canadensis) och smal vattenpest (Elodea nuttallii) i fyra vattendrag i Halland - invasionspotential och samspel2024Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna rapport avser att undersöka spridning av invasiva arter, som är ett hot mot den biologiska mångfalden. Vid en uppföljning av spridningen av vattenpest, Elodea canadensis, och smal vattenpest, Elodea nuttallii, fann vi inte några tecken på spridning till Nissan från det etablerade beståndet i Kilan, nära åns mynning till Nissan i Torup, som Länsstyrelsen i Halland klassade ha hög spridningsrisk vid en inventering under sommaren 2023. För att följa upp spridningen av Elodea spp. genomfördes fältstudier samt en teoretisk studie över inrapporterade fynd till Artportalen. Den teoretiska studien genomfördes i form av en sammanställning och jämförelse av observationer på Artportalen av E. canadensis respektive E. nuttallii i fyra stora halländska vattendrag. Syftet med den teoretiska delen var att undersöka om mönstret för inrapporterad E. canadensis och E. nuttallii skiljde sig mellan större vattendrag i Halland, eller om vi såg likheter i mönstret för rapportering, samt att undersöka om det är svårare för E. nuttallii att etableras om det finns ett tätt bestånd av E. canadensis. 

    Fältstudierna bestod av en inventering från land vid tio lokaler längs Nissans västra/nordvästra strand, där varje lokal hade 20 stickprovspunkter, samt en visuell kartläggning över lokalens bottenstruktur utifrån Vatteninformationssystem Sveriges (VISS) uppdelning i bottentyperna hård, sand/grus, lera och blandade sediment (VISS, u.å.). 

    Förekomst av E. canadensis kunde göras i Kilan (Figur 3). Eftersom inga fynd av E. canadensis och E. nuttallii gjordes på någon av våra lokaler i Nissan kunde vi inte undersöka om vi såg något samband mellan förekomst av Elodea spp. och typ av bottenstruktur. 

    De större vattendragen som valdes ut för studien var Viskan, Ätran, Nissan och Lagan. Vi fann ett signifikant positivt samband mellan förekomsten av E. canadensis och E. nuttallii i Viskan och Ätran, medan sambandet mellan förekomsten av arterna inte var signifikant i Lagan. Ingen korrelation kunde utföras för Nissan eftersom det saknades fynd av E. nuttallii. 

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  • 37.
    Boberg, Pelle
    et al.
    Lund university, Lund, Sweden.
    Rafaele, Estella
    Centro Regional Univ. Bariloche, Univ. Nacional del Comahue, S.C. Bariloche, Argentina.
    Chaia, Eugenia E
    Centro Regional Univ. Bariloche, Univ. Nacional del Comahue, S.C. Bariloche, Argentina.
    Eneström, Johanna M
    Lund university, Lund, Sweden.
    Pettersson, Lars B
    Lund university, Lund, Sweden.
    D'Hertefeldt, Tina
    Lund university, Lund, Sweden.
    The effect of high temperatures on seed germination of one native and two introduced conifers in Patagonia2010Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Botany, ISSN 0107-055X, E-ISSN 1756-1051, Vol. 28, nr 2, s. 231-239Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    We examined the effect of thermal shock on the germination of seeds of three conifers, two introduced (Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pinus ponderosa), and one native to Patagonia (Araucaria araucana). Previous research has suggested increased susceptibility to invasions in burnt areas, and therefore, the effect of simulated fire (heat) on seed germination in these native and introduced species was compared. Seeds were heated to two different heat intensities (50°C and 100°C) for 1 or 5 min, which is within the temperature range reached in the upper soil layers during forest fires. Germination tests were then carried out in a growth chamber. The heat treatments had a negative effect on the germination of P. menziesii at temperatures of 100°C, and a negative effect on the germination of P. ponderosa at the temperature of 100°C and the exposure of 5 min. The heat treatments had no affect at all on A. araucana. The species with larger seeds (A. araucana) had higher survival rates after the thermal shocks. Also intraspecific differences in seed sizes possibly point at larger seeds surviving thermal shocks better than smaller seeds. In addition, thermal shock caused a delay in the onset of germination in the two introduced species, while it did not change the time for germination in A. araucana. © The Authors. Journal compilation © Nordic Journal of Botany 2010.

  • 38.
    Bodén, Mikael
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE).
    Wiles, Janet
    University of Queensland, Australia.
    On learning context-free and context-sensitive languages2002Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, ISSN 1045-9227, E-ISSN 1941-0093, Vol. 13, nr 2, s. 491-493Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The long short-term memory (LSTM) is not the only neural network which learns a context sensitive language. Second-order sequential cascaded networks (SCNs) are able to induce means from a finite fragment of a context-sensitive language for processing strings outside the training set. The dynamical behavior of the SCN is qualitatively distinct from that observed in LSTM networks. Differences in performance and dynamics are discussed.

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  • 39.
    Bolin, Viktor
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Emanuelsson, Hanna
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet.
    Dykinventering av vandrarmussla (Dreissena polymorpha) i Saxtorpssjöarna, Kävlinge kommun2023Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med projektet var att genomföra en baseline-inventering av de två Saxtorpssjöarnas vattenkemi och utbredning av vandrarmussla (Dreissena polymorpha) innan en planerad bekämpning med kaliumklorid. Genom dykinventering med fotografering av tre transekter i vardera sjö och provtagning av bottenväxterna undersökte vi vandrarmusslans utbredning och skillnaden i mängden musslor mellan de olika växtarterna.

    De två Saxtorpssjöarna Badsjön och Fågelsjön (Skåne) hade liknande näringshalter i ytvattnet. I Badsjön var pH 6.533 och i Fågelsjön 6.537. Sedimentet i Badsjön hade lägre fosfat- och totalkvävehalter än det i Fågelsjön. Fler vandrarmusslor växte på bottenväxterna i Badsjön än på dem i Fågelsjön. Det kan bero på att artsammansättningen och täckningen av bottenväxter skiljde sig åt med mer sträfse (Chara sp.) i Fågelsjön och mer axslinga (Myriophyllum spicatum) och grovnate (Potamogeton lucens) i Badsjön. Det fanns mer musslor (mätt som torrvikt musslor per växtlängd) på grovnate och minst på sträfse (Kruskal-Wallis p=0,025, H=9,315). Det fanns inga signifikanta korrelationer mellan musslornas torrvikt och växternas torrvikt, växternas längd eller vilket vattendjup växterna var rotade vid (Spearman rank, n.s.). Fotoinventeringen fungerade bra för att avgöra täckning av växter och andra substrat som fanns på bottnen. Däremot var det svårt att säkerligen kvantifiera antalet musslor på grund av uppvirvlat sediment och att delar av växtligheten i inventeringsrutorna var ur fokus i fotona.

  • 40.
    Bonnot, N. C.
    et al.
    Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, 730 91, Sweden.
    Bergvall, U. A.
    Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, 730 91, Sweden.
    Jarnemo, Anders
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS).
    Kjellander, P.
    Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, 730 91, Sweden.
    Who’s afraid of the big bad wolf?: Variation in the stress response among personalities and populations in a large wild herbivore2018Ingår i: Oecologia, ISSN 0029-8549, E-ISSN 1432-1939, Vol. 188, nr 1, s. 85-95Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Faced with rapid environmental changes, individuals may express different magnitude and plasticity in their response to a given stressor. However, little is known about the causes of variation in phenotypic plasticity of the stress response in wild populations. In the present study, we repeatedly captured individual roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from two wild populations in Sweden exposed to differing levels of predation pressure and measured plasma concentrations of stress-induced cortisol and behavioral docility. While controlling for the marked effects of habituation, we found clear between-population differences in the stress-induced cortisol response. Roe deer living in the area that was recently recolonized by lynx (Lynx lynx) and wolves (Canis lupus) expressed cortisol levels that were around 30% higher than roe deer in the human-dominated landscape free of large carnivores. In addition, for the first time to our knowledge, we investigated the stress-induced cortisol response in free-ranging newborn fawns and found no evidence for hypo-responsiveness during early life in this species. Indeed, stress-induced cortisol levels were of similar magnitude and differed between populations to a similar extent in both neonates and adults. Finally, at an individual level, we found that both cortisol and docility levels were strongly repeatable, and weakly negatively inter-correlated, suggesting that individuals differed consistently in how they respond to a stressor, and supporting the existence of a stress-management syndrome in roe deer. © 2018, The Author(s).

  • 41.
    Bonsdorff, Erik
    et al.
    Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
    Wright, Moira von
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle.
    Adult white-tailed sea eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) train their post-fledged young in catching pray2024Ingår i: Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, ISSN 0373-6873, Vol. 100, s. 18-20Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    This article describes two observations from the outer archipelago of SW Finland on how adult white-tailed sea eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) actively train their post-fledged offspring to identify, catch and handle prey outside the nest. This involves synchronized and deliberate behaviour from the adults. Adult-juvenile training may be fundamental, as the food sources are shifting, the competition for abundant food items is strong, and the dependence of alternative prey is increasing.

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    Bonsdorff & von Wright 2024
  • 42. Borgström, A
    et al.
    Hansson, L A
    Sjöstedt, Johanna
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Wetlands as a Local Scale Management Tool to Reduce Algal Growth Potential2022Ingår i: Wetlands (Australia), ISSN 0725-0312, Vol. 42, nr 8Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 43. Borgström, Anna
    et al.
    Hansson, Lars-Anders
    Klante, Clemens
    Sjöstedt, Johanna
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Wetlands as a potential multifunctioning tool to mitigate eutrophication and brownification2024Ingår i: Ecological Applications, ISSN 1051-0761, E-ISSN 1939-5582, Vol. 34, nr 2, artikel-id e2945Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Eutrophication and brownification are ongoing environmental problems affecting aquatic ecosystems. Due to anthropogenic changes, increasing amounts of organic and inorganic compounds are entering aquatic systems from surrounding catchment areas, increasing both nutrients, total organic carbon (TOC), and water color with societal, as well as ecological consequences. Several studies have focused on the ability of wetlands to reduce nutrients, whereas data on their potential to reduce TOC and water color are scarce. Here we evaluate wetlands as a potential multifunctional tool for mitigating both eutrophication and brownification. Therefore, we performed a study for 18 months in nine wetlands allowing us to estimate the reduction in concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), TOC and water color. We show that wetland reduction efficiency with respect to these variables was generally higher during summer, but many of the wetlands were also efficient during winter. We also show that some, but not all, wetlands have the potential to reduce TOC, water color and nutrients simultaneously. However, the generalist wetlands that reduced all four parameters were less efficient in reducing each of them than the specialist wetlands that only reduced one or two parameters. In a broader context, generalist wetlands have the potential to function as multifunctional tools to mitigate both eutrophication and brownification of aquatic systems. However, further research is needed to assess the design of the generalist wetlands and to investigate the potential of using several specialist wetlands in the same catchment.

  • 44.
    Bried, Jason
    et al.
    Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Urbana–Champaign, USA.
    Ries, Leslie
    Department of Biology at Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
    Sahlén, Göran
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS).
    Towards Global Volunteer Monitoring of Odonate Abundance2020Ingår i: BioScience, ISSN 0006-3568, E-ISSN 1525-3244, Vol. 70, nr 10, s. 914-923Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Insects are reportedly experiencing widespread declines, but we generally have sparse data on their abundance. Correcting this shortfall will take more effort than professional entomologists alone can manage. Volunteer nature enthusiasts can greatly help to monitor the abundance of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata), iconic freshwater sentinels and one of the few nonpollinator insect groups appreciated by the public and amenable to citizen science. Although counting individual odonates is common in some locations, current data will not enable a global perspective on odonate abundance patterns and trends. Borrowing insight from butterfly monitoring efforts, we outline basic plans for a global volunteer network to count odonates, including organizational structure, advertising and recruiting, and data collection, submission, and synthesis. We hope our proposal serves as a catalyst for richer coordinated efforts to understand population trends of odonates and other insects in the Anthropocene. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Institute of Biological Sciences.

  • 45. Brodin, Tomas
    et al.
    Lind, Martin I.
    Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
    Kaltiala Wiberg, M
    Johansson, Frank
    Personality trait differences between mainland and island populations in the common frog (Rana temporaria)2013Ingår i: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Vol. 67, nr 1, s. 135-143Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 46. Broman, Elias
    et al.
    Sjöstedt, Johanna
    Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden; Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Technical University of Denmark, Charlottenlund, Denmark.
    Pinhassi, Jarone
    Dopson, Mark
    Shifts in coastal sediment oxygenation cause pronounced changes in microbial community composition and associated metabolism.2017Ingår i: Microbiome, E-ISSN 2049-2618, Vol. 5, nr 1, s. 96-, artikel-id 96Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: A key characteristic of eutrophication in coastal seas is the expansion of hypoxic bottom waters, often referred to as 'dead zones'. One proposed remediation strategy for coastal dead zones in the Baltic Sea is to mix the water column using pump stations, circulating oxygenated water to the sea bottom. Although microbial metabolism in the sediment surface is recognized as key in regulating bulk chemical fluxes, it remains unknown how the microbial community and its metabolic processes are influenced by shifts in oxygen availability. Here, coastal Baltic Sea sediments sampled from oxic and anoxic sites, plus an intermediate area subjected to episodic oxygenation, were experimentally exposed to oxygen shifts. Chemical, 16S rRNA gene, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic analyses were conducted to investigate changes in chemistry fluxes, microbial community structure, and metabolic functions in the sediment surface.

    RESULTS: Compared to anoxic controls, oxygenation of anoxic sediment resulted in a proliferation of bacterial populations in the facultative anaerobic genus Sulfurovum that are capable of oxidizing toxic sulfide. Furthermore, the oxygenated sediment had higher amounts of RNA transcripts annotated as sqr, fccB, and dsrA involved in sulfide oxidation. In addition, the importance of cryptic sulfur cycling was highlighted by the oxidative genes listed above as well as dsvA, ttrB, dmsA, and ddhAB that encode reductive processes being identified in anoxic and intermediate sediments turned oxic. In particular, the intermediate site sediments responded differently upon oxygenation compared to the anoxic and oxic site sediments. This included a microbial community composition with more habitat generalists, lower amounts of RNA transcripts attributed to methane oxidation, and a reduced rate of organic matter degradation.

    CONCLUSIONS: These novel data emphasize that genetic expression analyses has the power to identify key molecular mechanisms that regulate microbial community responses upon oxygenation of dead zones. Moreover, these results highlight that microbial responses, and therefore ultimately remediation efforts, depend largely on the oxygenation history of sites. Furthermore, it was shown that re-oxygenation efforts to remediate dead zones could ultimately be facilitated by in situ microbial molecular mechanisms involved in removal of toxic H2S and the potent greenhouse gas methane.

  • 47.
    Brorsson, Sofia
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), PRODEA: Centrum för produktframtagning inom hälsoteknik. Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS), Biomekanik och biomedicin.
    Extensor muscle force measurements and muscle architecture in rheumatoid arthritis patientsArtikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 48.
    Brown, Peter
    et al.
    Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
    Nandakumar, Kutty Selva
    Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
    Zhou, Yaoqi
    Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
    Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search2019Ingår i: Database: The Journal of Biological Databases and Curation, E-ISSN 1758-0463, Vol. 2019, artikel-id baz085Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.

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  • 49.
    Brönmark, Christer
    et al.
    Limnology, Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Weisner, Stefan E. B.
    Limnology, Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Indirect effects of fish community structure on submerged vegetation in shallow, eutrophic lakes: an alternative mechanism1992Ingår i: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 243/244, nr 1, s. 293-301Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The loss of submerged macrophytes during eutrophication of shallow takes is a commonly observed phenomenon. The proximate reason for this decline is a reduction of available light due to increasing phytoplankton and/or epiphyton biomass. Here we argue that the ultimate cause for the transition from a macrophyte-dominated state to a phytoplankton-dominated state is a change in fish community structure. A catastrophic disturbance event (e.g. winterkill) acting selectively on piscivores, cascades down food chains, eventually reducing macrophyte growth through shading by epiphyton, an effect that is reinforced by increasing phytoplankton biomass. The transition back from the phytoplankton to the macrophyte state depends on an increase in piscivore standing stock and a reduction of planktivores. A conceptual model of these mechanisms is presented and supported by literature data and preliminary observations from a field experiment. © 1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

  • 50.
    Brönmark, Christer
    et al.
    Limnology, Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Weisner, Stefan E.B.
    Limnology, Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Decoupling of cascading trophic interactions in a freshwater, benthic food chain1996Ingår i: Oecologia, ISSN 0029-8549, E-ISSN 1432-1939, Vol. 108, nr 3, s. 534-541Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Food chain theory provides explicit predictions for equilibrium biomasses among trophic levels in food chains of different lengths. Empirical studies on freshwater benthic food chains have typically been performed on chains with up to three levels and in field experiments with limited spatial and temporal scale. Here we use a ‘’natural snapshot experiment” approach to study equilibrium biomass and abundance among trophic levels in natural ponds differing only with respect to fish assemblage structure. Forty-four ponds were surveyed for their density and biomass of fish, snails and periphyton. Ponds were divided into three categories based on fish assemblage: ponds with no fish (two trophic levels), ponds with molluscivorous fish (three trophic levels), ponds with molluscivorous fish (three trophic levels) and ponds that also had piscivorous fish (four trophic levels). Ponds without fish had a high density and biomass of snails and a low biomass of periphyton, whereas snails with molluscivorous fish. In the presence of piscivores, molluscivore populations consisted of low numbers of large individuals. Snail assemblages in piscivore ponds were characterised by relatively high densities of small-bodied detritivorous species and periphyton biomass was not significantly different from ponds with three trophic levels. Thus, predictions from classic food chain theory were upheld in ponds with up to three trophic levels. In ponds with four trophic levels, however, there was a decoupling of the trophic cascade at the piscivore-molluscivore level. Gape-limited piscivory, predation on snails by molluscivores that have reached an absolute size refuge from predation, and changes in food preferences of the dominant snails are suggested to explain the observed patterns.

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