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  • 1.
    Ahl, Josefin
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Djurklou, Julia
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Ransomware-hotet mot svenska sjukhus: – en intervju- och litteraturstudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Statistics show an increase in ransomware activity in recent years. The increase is mainly due to the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Cybercriminals take advantage of the fact that hospitals worldwide are overloaded with caring for seriously ill patients in Covid-19 and perform ransomware attacks.

    This thesis examines how Swedish hospitals experience and handle the increased threat of ransomware. The bachelor’s thesis consists of a literature study and some in-depth interviews. The literature study is investigating ransomware as a phenomenon and finding out why it is a successful method for cybercriminals to use in digital extortion.

    The purpose is also to investigate how Swedish hospitals relate to the fact that the healthcare sector has become an attractive target for cyber-attacks. The interview study examines the hospitals' IT security to determine whether they are sufficiently resistant to ransomware attacks. The interview results are discussed and analyzed against the background of the literature. The conclusion of this analysis is the basis for the proposed countermeasure.

    The results show that the hospitals surveyed have suitable IT security. The most central security mechanisms for the hospitals are their backup and recovery routines in the fight against ransomware. The discussion in this work combines the results from the literature and interview studies carried out. Based on the discussion, the conclusion is that the hospitals surveyed have good security and meet most of the recommendations published by Swedish authorities. Still, there is room for some improvement which is indicated.

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  • 2.
    Ahlqvist Nilsson, Petra
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Svensson Tynkkynen, Carolin
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Förslag på design av digitala knuffar för vägledning2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Decisions are increasingly made in connection with screens, amongst other things due to thecontinuous growth of e-commerce. When people make decisions they are influenced by thechoice environment as well as heuristics and biases, which are mental shortcuts. People areinfluenced by heuristics and biases as it is often difficult for them to make decisions based onall of the information presented. Nudges are a way to guide people to make specific choiceswithout limiting their freedom and have primarily been used in non-digital contexts, but havenow also been introduced in informatics. However, in order for nudges to be able to bedeveloped and used digitally it is important to have knowledge about how people make choicesand the effect nudges have. Previous research on digital nudges also asks for studies on howdigital nudges can be designed and their impact on people's choices online.As nudging is a relatively new term in informatics, as well as research regarding the topic isinquired, this study investigate how digital nudges can be designed to guide people tosustainable choices online. The study was conducted with a design research approach wheredigital nudges were designed based on four different heuristics and biases. The nudges wereapplied on an e-commerce website and tested by means of a prototype. The process fordesigning and evaluating the digital nudges was iterated four or five times to in an exploratoryway test different ways to design the nudges in relation to the research question. The studycontribute with a number of suggestions on how digital nudges can be designed based onheuristics and biases, with guidance and sustainability as focal points.

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  • 3.
    Ahlström, Tove
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Kaikkonen, Amanda
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Hur kan ett e-hälsostöd designas för att främja inre motivation till fysisk rehabilitering?2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Due to an increased need for health care, physical rehabilitation is an area where there is a growing need for implementation of e-health support. An unsuccessful rehabilitation plan could potentially lead to a patient's pain or discomfort not being improved as planned. This may lead to the patient needing more rehabilitation care than what had been required if the rehabilitation plan had been completed from the beginning. In addition to this being a cost for the patients themselves, it also entails an extra cost for health care services. Motivation is considered one of the main aspects to take into account as it influences people's ability and willingness to do something. If the motivational aspect is ignored in the design of e- health support in a rehabilitation context, there is a risk that the design will not possess the functions that can be crucial for the user to use the digital support. Although rehabilitation patients are provided with proper physiotherapy exercises they do not perform their exercises, which may be due to their lack of intrinsic motivation. Despite this dilemma, there are few studies that investigate how digital support can be designed to promote intrinsic motivation in a rehabilitation context. The study therefore aimed to examine how an e-health support can be designed to promote intrinsic motivation in a rehabilitation context. The research question was examined using a design-oriented approach. In order to investigate intrinsic motivation, the concept is concretized to the three psychological needs: autonomy, competence and relatedness. The study then resulted in nine design proposals that informed how an e-health support could be designed to promote intrinsic motivation by supporting the three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence and relatedness.

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  • 4.
    Ahmadi, Asghar
    et al.
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Noetel, Michael
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Schellekens, Melissa
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Parker, Philip
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Antczak, Devan
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Beauchamp, Mark
    The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
    Dicke, Theresa
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Diezmann, Carmel
    Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
    Maeder, Anthony
    Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
    Ntoumanis, Nikos
    Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare. Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
    Yeung, Alexander
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Lonsdale, Chris
    Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    A Systematic Review of Machine Learning for Assessment and Feedback of Treatment Fidelity2021In: Psychosocial Intervention, ISSN 1132-0559, E-ISSN 2173-4712, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 139-153Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many psychological treatments have been shown to be cost-effective and efficacious, as long as they are implemented faithfully. Assessing fidelity and providing feedback is expensive and time-consuming. Machine learning has been used to assess treatment fidelity, but the reliability and generalisability is unclear. We collated and critiqued all implementations of machine learning to assess the verbal behaviour of all helping professionals, with particular emphasis on treatment fidelity for therapists. We conducted searches using nine electronic databases for automated approaches of coding verbal behaviour in therapy and similar contexts. We completed screening, extraction, and quality assessment in duplicate. Fifty-two studies met our inclusion criteria (65.3% in psychotherapy). Automated coding methods performed better than chance, and some methods showed near human-level performance; performance tended to be better with larger data sets, a smaller number of codes, conceptually simple codes, and when predicting session-level ratings than utterance-level ones. Few studies adhered to best-practice machine learning guidelines. Machine learning demonstrated promising results, particularly where there are large, annotated datasets and a modest number of concrete features to code. These methods are novel, cost-effective, scalable ways of assessing fidelity and providing therapists with individualised, prompt, and objective feedback. © 2021 Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid

  • 5.
    Ahmed, Iftikhar
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Farooq, Muhammad
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Switched Multi-hop Priority Queued Networks-Influence of priority levels on Soft Real-time Performance2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In the last few years, the number of real-time applications has increased. These applications are sensitive and require the methods to utilize existing network capacity efficiently to meet performance requirements and achieve the maximum throughput to overcome delay, jitter and packet loss. In such cases, when the network needs to support highly interactive traffic like packet-switched voice, the network congestion is an issue that can lead to various problems. If the level of congestion is high enough, the users may not be able to complete their calls and have existing calls dropped or may experience a variety of delays that make it difficult to participate smooth conversation.

    In this paper, we investigate the effect of priority levels on soft real-time performance. We use the priority queues to help us manage the congestion, handle the interactive traffic and improve the over all performance of the system. We consider switched multi-hop network with priority queues. All the switches and end-nodes control the real-time traffic with “Earlier Deadline First” scheduling. The performance of the network is characterized in terms of the average delay, the deadline missing ratio and the throughput.

    We will analyze these parameters with both the bursty traffic and evenly distributed traffic. We will analyze different priority levels and will see how the increase in priority level increases the performance of the soft real-time system.

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  • 6.
    Ailm, Kajsa
    et al.
    Halmstad University.
    Lindroos, Max
    Halmstad University.
    Vilka utmaningar finns för design av socialt användarengagemang på digitala spelplattformar?2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims to investigate social user engagement on digital gaming platforms through the research question: What challenges are there when designing for social engagement on digital gaming platforms? Social user engagement means that user's engagement between each other is facilitated through functions on the digital platform such as Facebook and Twitter. Previous research on user engagement on digital gaming platforms has tried to create user engagement through new social functions. However, there are problems for designers of digital gaming platforms because users choose to interact and communicate on other digital social platforms. The fact that users choose to communicate on other digital platforms than on digital gaming platforms may be linked to the fact that users of digital gaming platforms have a different purpose and need with their interaction. It is therefore important when designing digital gaming platforms to have new functions as an extension of the digital gaming platform's basic functions and that user's game-related goals are prioritized. The study was based on a design-oriented research approach where three design elements have been implemented and evaluated through a probe. The study resulted in four design challenges that are intended to target designers of digital gaming platforms as a support for the development of digital gaming platforms. The identified design challenges are recommended to be considered to improve user's experience on digital gaming platforms.

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  • 7.
    Akram, Asif
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS).
    Value Creation in Digital Ecosystem – A Study of Remote Diagnostics2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The advancement of digital technologies is driving traditional product oriented businesses to move from selling product to selling solutions. In order to exploit business potentials from technology, it is necessary to understand the technological capacity and how it influences the value creation in the environment where it is deployed. I study remote diagnostics as an example of digital technology within the vehicle industry. I found that this technology provides potential to generate new value. To create this value, traditional product oriented organizations are required to create value in different way than traditional mode of creating value. In this paper, I show that how generative capacity of remote diagnostics technology creates value in digital ecosystem.

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  • 8.
    Akram, Asif
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Man and Information technology laboratory (MI-lab). University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Value Network Transformation: Digital Service Innovation in the Vehicle Industry2016Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Advancement in digital technology is rapidly changing the contemporary landscape of business and associated networks for manufacturing firms. Many traditional physical products are now being embedded with digital components, providing them digital capability to become digitized products. The digitization of physical products has become an important driver for digital service innovation within manufacturing industries. Such digital service innovation transforms value networks of manufacturing firms in various industries. While digitization of products and digital service innovation can be observed in many manufacturing industries, this thesis focuses on the transformation of value networks within the vehicle industry.

    This thesis is a collection of papers and a cover paper. The thesis reports from a collaborative project in the vehicle industry. The project explored new digital services for vehicles based on remote diagnostics technology. The exploration and conceptualization of digital services is investigated in a collaborative manner with participants from the vehicle industry. The results reflect that there is a paradigm shift for manufacturing firms digitizing their products, and stretching the business scope from product to solution oriented business.

    This thesis contributes to the existing literature on digital innovation with insights on the transformation of value networks in the vehicle industry. The research question addressed in this thesis is: How are value networks of manufacturing firms transformed by digital service innovation? To answer the question, this thesis conceptualizes how the value creating pattern of digitized products transforms value networks of manufacturing firms. A model is presented that reflects how the symbiotic value relationship between the digitized product and digital services transforms the roles, relationships and exchanges in the value networks of manufacturing firms. The model can serve as an analytical tool to further advance the knowledge on business aspects in digital innovation. This thesis contributes to practice by providing an understanding of how manufacturing firms can leverage value of digitized products and digital services in value networks.

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  • 9.
    Akram, Asif
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS).
    Bergquist, Magnus
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS). University of Gothenburg.
    Åkesson, Maria
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS).
    Digital Visions vs. Product Practices: Understanding Tensions in Incumbent Manufacturing Firms2014In: Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences / [ed] Ralph H. Sprague, Jr., Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society, 2014, p. 4516-4525Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Incumbent manufacturing firms face challenges when expanding their product focus with digital services. Such expansion creates tensions in organizations in the servitization process. While management visions and conceptualizes new service oriented businesses, the actual practice of implementing these service concepts is influenced by the product paradigmatic way of thinking in the organization. This dominant thinking creates tensions between business visions and business practice. We use the case of remote diagnostics services to provide insights into a manufacturing firm’s attempt to transform the dominant oriented business models into a new networked environment. We suggest that such acts that may or may not lead to transition are lingered by dominant logics related to the product focus. This indicates that firms are required to embed new logics into their existing practice in order to exploit the full potential of digital technology. © 2014 IEEE.

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  • 10.
    Akram, Asif
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Man and Information technology laboratory (MI-lab).
    Åkesson, Maria
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Man and Information technology laboratory (MI-lab).
    Value Network Transformation By Digital Service Innovation In The Vehicle Industry2011In: Proceedings of the 15th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems | Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS), Brisbane, Australia: Association for Information Systems, 2011Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper reports from preparations in an ongoing research study concerning how digital service innovation transforms value networks in the vehicle industry. The research study concerns digital services based on remote diagnostics systems. This digital service innovation in particular is of great importance since the vehicle industry has great potential to expand its business and found new and extended boundaries and relationships with other stakeholder in the networks they are attached to. Core challenges and opportunities for digital service innovation will lead us to the study of its influence on the business and innovation environment i.e. the value network. In this paper, we propose three propositions to study transformation from product oriented value networks to digital service oriented value networks.

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  • 11.
    Alasjö, Alexander
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Sidokanalattack mot knappsats för elektroniskt passersystem2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Through an exploratory experiment using electromagnetic side-channel attack against a keypad for a commercial entry system it is demonstrated that information leakage through side-channels are an ongoing issue and may make entry systems vulnerable by recording of user data.

    Using simple radio equipment, keypresses can be recorded and decoded by undesired electromagnetic radiation and theoretically it is possible to carry out the attack on a longer distance with a specially designed antenna and a custom recieiver.

    The report discusses emission security in consumer products which in military context is termed Tempest or compromising emanations (Swedish: RÖS) and requires expensive tests to be detected and handled.

    The EMC regulations (electromagnetic compatibility) handles radiation and influence of electromagnetic waves in electronic apparatus and nets, but not directly how information can leak from information technology equipment which this report wants to problematize.

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  • 12.
    Aldén, Victoria
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Gunnarsson, Ebba
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Användningen av Robotic Process Automation i kommunala förvaltningars beslutsstödsprocesser: En studie om vilka konsekvenser som kan uppstå genom användningen av RPA och påverkan på kommunala beslutsstödsprocesser för försörjningsstöd2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In communal organizations there has previously not existed a law that allowed automated decision support, it was during the year 2018 that the law changed. Previous research has focused on automation in the private business sector, which has created a lack of research on public organizations. Following the change in the law, Social services have started to automate the decision support in their decision support processes. The automation takes place using the software technology RPA (Robot Process Automation). RPA can only handle processes that are regulated and structured. It forces the Social services to define and structure their decision support processes that were previously manually performed by administrators. It involves creation of consequences that affects the decision support process and leads to the study ́s question: How is the decision support process in communal organizations affected using RPA? A qualitative method has been used in the collection of literature and empirical data, in order to be able to identify the consequences and its impact in the decision support process. The identified consequences presented in the study's conclusion are divided into the categories: consequences based on RPA and consequences based on the administrators. The consequences identified in the study have differed between the communal organizations, depending on how they interpreted the law and whether RPA has started to be used in the communes yet.

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  • 13.
    Ali Fareedi, Abid
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Ghazawneh, Ahmad
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Artificial Intelligence Agents and Knowledge Acquisition in Health Information System2022In: MCIS 2022 Proceedings, 2022, article id 8Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This research work highlights the need for AI-powered applications and their usages for the optimization of information flow processes in the medical sector, from the perspective of how AI-agents can impact human-machine interaction (HCI) for acquiring relevant and necessary information in emergency department (ED). This study investigates how AI-agents can be applied to manage situations of patient related unexpected experiences, such as long waiting times, overcrowding issues, and high number of patients leaving without being diagnosed. For knowledge acquisition, we incorporated modelling workshop techniques for gathering domain information from the domain experts in the context of emergency department in Karolinska Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden, and for designing the AI-agent utilizing NLP techniques. We discuss how the proposed solution can be used as an assistant to healthcare practitioners and workers to improve medical assistance in various medical procedures to increase flow and to reduce workloads and anxiety levels. The implementation part of this work is based on the natural language processing (NLP) techniques that help to develop the intelligent behavior for information acquisition and its retrieval in a natural way to support patients/relatives’ communication with the healthcare organization efficiently and in a natural way.

  • 14.
    Amnell, Mathias
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Öhman, Martin
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Samband mellan motivationsfaktorer för UGC: Vad motiverar en användare att skapa innehåll på internet?2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    User Generated Content (UGC) is becoming increasingly common on the web and many of the most frequently visited websites on the Internet is largely based on content created by its users. Every day 120,000 articles gets edited on Wikipedia by its devoted users who spend an average of eight hours a week on creating new or edit existing material. To motivate users to contribute with content is becoming increasingly important. This requires an increased understanding of what motivates users to contribute. 

    In this paper we study the motivational factors that motivates users to contribute with UGC and if there is any correlation between these motivational factors. A literature review of previous research in the field of UGC is performed and results in 15 motivational factors categorized into four categories. These are presented in a matrix that structures the motivation factors in the different categories. The matrix of the 15 motivational factors are the theoretical foundation for a quantitative survey designed to see to what extent users are motivated by different motivational factors for the creation of UGC. Through the survey we establish an understanding to what extent different motivational factors motivate the participiants of the study to create UGC. The results from the survey are then used to study the relationships between motivational factors. This leads to a correlation table that presents all the significant relationships between factors and a motivation matrix that can serve as a basis for understanding and discuss the motivators for the UGC and its categorizations. Our results may help developers to support multiple motivational factors in services based on UGC. The motivation matrix and the results presented may also be the basis for future research.

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    Samband mellan motivationsfaktorer för UGC
  • 15.
    Andersson, Sanna
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Lidén, Anna
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    IT-system som stöd för personaladministration på sjukhus: En fallstudie om vilka utmaningar med personaladministration som ett sjukhus kan hantera med stöd av IT-system2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Today’s healthcare is strained due to a limited amount of workforce and an increased need for medical care. Official reports of the Swedish government calls for a more efficient healthcare in order to cope with for example overcrowding. Digitalisation of Swedish healthcare is expected to contribute with management information for planning and resource allocation. Digitalisation has shown improved efficiency by using information systems. There is however a need for additional research on the effects of information systems in healthcare, since previous research has focused on information systems for patient care and not workforce allocation. In order to ensure that the information systems support the organisation, there are a number of challenges that needs to be handled. The aim of this case study is therefore to examine information systems as a way to support workforce planning for a more effective health care. This is done through the research question: Which challenges with workforce administration in a hospital can be handled with support from information systems? In order to answer the research question a qualitative research method has been used. Empirical material has been collected through interviews and analysed using process analysis. The results show that the main challenge with workforce administration that can be handled with the support of information systems is incorrect and irrelevant data. Other challenges are coordination of doctors and nurses as well as staff shortage. Finding a solution to the overall problem of understaffing is important, but information systems can only provide a basis for discussions.

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  • 16.
    Andreasson, Lena
    Viktoria Swedish ICT, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Balancing Commonality and Differentiation: A Case Study of a Development Tool for Enhancing Differentiation on Digitized Products2008In: Proceedings of the 31th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia, IRIS 31: Public systems in the future – possibilities, challenges and pitfalls / [ed] Asproth, V., Axelsson, K., Holmberg, S.C., Ihlström, C., Lindblad-Gidlund, K., and Sundgren, B, 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Andreasson, Lena
    Viktoria Institute, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Installed Base in Service Innovation: The Case of Intelligent Speed Adaption2009In: 15th Americas Conference on Information Systems 2009, AMCIS 2009, Red Hook, NY: Curran Associates, Inc., 2009, p. 4667-4674Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    While some argue that innovation is inhibited by installed base, this paper suggests that it is critical to service innovation. In particular, the installed base of devices and infrastructure is an important element for improved diffusion and higher acceptance of services. It brings forward a nuanced view of installed base and reports a case study of Swedish National Road Administration's strategy for increasing safety on the roads with intelligent speed adaptation (ISA) services. Over time, they changed the strategy in order to employ existing installed base available.

  • 18.
    Andriesse, Carin
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Edvinsson, Erika
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Utvärdering av Business Intelligence system ur ett nytto-perspektiv: En studie om hur företag kan utvärdera nyttan av ett Business Intelligence system före och efter en implementation2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The growing amount of data in the world leads to an increasing amount of investments in BI-systems, which can support management and analysis of data. Businesses can experience benefits such as better control and decision base when they analyze their data. The evaluation of BI-systems has fallen behind at the same time as investments in these systems has increased. The difficulty in evaluating the soft and strategic benefits of a BI-system is one of the reasons for the lack of evaluations. Evaluation can give businesses a notion of which benefits that they have achieved and if further activities are needed to increase the benefits of the BI-system. A qualitative interview study has been carried out on large manufacturing businesses and consulting businesses, with the purpose to study how the evaluation of BI-system benefits are being done in practice. The study include evaluation before and after an implementation of a BI-system and results in recommendations. The result of the study shows that there can be differences in the way small and large manufacturing businesses use the BI-system and therefore also differences in how to perform the evaluation. The study has also established that more evaluations should be done after the BI-system has been implemented. Evaluation of parts that affect the possibility to achieve benefits as well as parts that affects the evaluation results in a more realistic evaluation, and a greater chance for the business to increase the benefits of their BI-system.  

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  • 19.
    Angenuis, Max
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Harrysson, Daniel
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Vad en organisation behöver förstå för att tillämpa Design Sprint i förändring av produkter2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Organizations continuously undergo change to develop new products and to remain relevant on the

    market. One approach that organizations can apply when implementing change in products are

    methods in design thinking. Such a method could be Design Sprint, which originally was created

    to optimize how organizations cooperate and also to solve problems test new ideas quickly. Design

    Sprint is a relatively new method, created for product development. Over the past couple of years

    a few research studies have been published where these studies have tested Design Sprint. The

    method Design Sprint contains several properties that overlap with several of the requirements to

    successfully create change of a product in an organisation. The purpose of this study was to

    examine how Design Sprint might be applied to change products in organizations. The study has

    made a deep dive into a specific case which then have been supported by secondary data collection

    of additional case studies. The result of the study shows that it is possible for organizations to apply

    Design Sprint as a method in change of products, but that there are certain requirements of the

    organization to do it.

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  • 20.
    Arnell Messo, Felix
    et al.
    Halmstad University.
    Melles, Tewolde
    Halmstad University.
    Automationens roll i rekryteringsprocesser2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Automation has a high significance in today's recruitment process and has despite its effectiveness, contributed to some challenges. Despite the fact that one of the main purposes of AI algorithms is to decrease bias, there is more proof that AI algorithms aren't as fair as it says it would be. We have chosen to conduct a study about the role of automation in the recruitment process. We chose a qualitative approach to have the opportunity to explore the respondent's opinions about automation and how they are working with recruitment. In total,we conducted 9 interviews and 2 follow-up interviews with respondents from various professions within the recruitment sector. In this study, we identified that objectivity could be challenging to achieve in automated work processes, lack of transparency in the decision making of the recruitment tool and lack of feedback to the candidate from the companies. In our study we have identified challenges such as objectivity, transparency and communication.These are important issues to address in order to equally handle candidates in the recruitment process and to avoid discrimination. 

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  • 21.
    Arvidsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University.
    Ihlström, Carina
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS).
    Lundberg, Jonas
    Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University.
    Visions of Future News - Consensus or Conflict?2002In: Proceedings of the 25th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia (IRIS), IRIS , 2002, p. 25-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The move from print to multimedia will cause changes not only to the form of the news service but also the involved processes in the news organizations. The cooperative scenario building technique is used on a number of groups; end-users, management and media professionals to envisioning the news services of the future. We take the perspective of consensus and conflict to illustrate the identified visions. Firstly, we illuminate conflicts and consensus between the groups, regarding their visions and future use scenarios. Secondly, we show the implications of using the cooperative scenariobuilding technique in relation the consensus and conflict perspectives in cooperative design. We conclude that both consensus and conflicts could be found in the scenarios described in the paper and that the cooperative technique was suitable in this context.

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  • 22.
    Arvidsson, Susanne
    et al.
    School of Economics and Management, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Johansson, Jeaneth
    Halmstad University, School of Business, Engineering and Science, Centre for Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Learning Research (CIEL). Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Sense-Making and Sense-Giving: Reaching Through the Smokescreen of Sustainability Disclosure in the Stock Market2019In: Challenges in Managing Sustainable Business: Reporting, Taxation, Ethics and Governance / [ed] Susanne Arvidsson, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019, p. 77-109Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Financial analysts’ role as information intermediaries between management teams and investors is vital for the efficient allocation of resources on the stock market. The increased focus on sustainability information in corporate reports has affected financial analysts in their important work of interpreting, assessing and communicating value-added information to their clients, i.e. the investors. The challenges they face relate to the ambiguous nature of sustainability information and its difference from traditional financial information. How do analysts reach through this smokescreen? How do analysts make sense of sustainability information, and how do they give sense to this information when they provide investment advices to their investors? In this chapter, these challenges are addressed from a cognitive-frame perspective. We argue that the first part of 2000s was characterized by cognitive dissonance due to both a low social legitimacy and a low cognitive legitimacy, i.e. sustainability was not yet requested by the investors to be attended to and it was regarded too ambiguous to be relevant for being considered in a valuation context. In the latter part of 2010s, we argue that there is only a partial cognitive dissonance. At this time, sustainability information is beginning to be socially legitimate and requested by investors. However, the complexity of the situation remains. This type of information is still not considered as cognitive legitimate due to the ambiguous nature, which renders difficulties for the sense-making and sense-giving processes. The findings have implications not the least in the ongoing quest of developing frameworks, standards and legislation (e.g. the EU directive (2014/EU/95)), that opt for improving the relevance, credibility and comparability of sustainability information. © The Authors 2019

  • 23.
    Attah-Boakye, Rexford
    et al.
    University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Adams, Kweku
    University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.
    Hernandez-Perdomo, Elvis
    OSL Risk Management Ltd, Hull, United Kingdom.
    Yu, Honglan
    University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom.
    Johansson, Jeaneth
    Halmstad University, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability. Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Resource re-orchestration and firm survival in crisis periods: The role of business models of technology MNEs during COVID-192023In: Technovation, ISSN 0166-4972, E-ISSN 1879-2383, Vol. 125, article id 102769Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using data from world-leading digital-driven/technology multinational enterprises (DTMNEs), we draw from the resource orchestration theory to investigate the associations between business model (BM) drivers and firm performance during crisis periods. Drawing on data from the COVID-19 pandemic period, we deploy diverse analytical approaches including multivariate linear regressions and aggregated composite index statistical methods in examining how the BMs of our sampled DTMNEs drive firm performance. Our study highlights six methodological approaches that can be utilised by decision-makers in examining which variables in their BM drive better firm performance. Our findings revealed that the principal component analysis and multicriteria decision analysis (PROMETHEE methods) that espouse the use of aggregate composite index can provide significant and consistent predictive results in comparison to the traditional linear methods when examining the association between BM and firm performance during crisis periods. The paper provides policy and managerial implications on how firms and decision-makers can bolster business continuity, resilience, and plasticity by using analytical lenses that identify optimum resource orchestration during crises. © 2023 The Authors

  • 24.
    Baerveldt, Albert-Jan
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Intelligent systems (IS-lab).
    Arras, Kai Oliver
    EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
    Balkenius, Christian
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Editorial2003In: Robotics and Autonomous Systems, ISSN 0921-8890, E-ISSN 1872-793X, Vol. 44, no 1, p. 100p. 1-Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 25.
    Bailey, Arlene
    et al.
    Department of Sociology, Psychology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica.
    Ngwenyama, Ojelanki K.
    Institute for Innovation and Technology Management, Faculty of Business, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
    Bridging the generation gap in ICT use: Interrogating identity, technology and interactions in community telecenters2010In: Information Technology for Development, ISSN 0268-1102, E-ISSN 1554-0170, Vol. 16, no 1, p. 62-82Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we explore the issues related to the generation gap in the use of information and communication technologies through an examination of relevant literature and findings from empirical field research in community-based telecenters in a developing country. Our findings show that intergenerational interaction is a key issue and social relations and interactions are explored through an analysis of social networks in conjunction with social identity theory and social representations theory. A conceptual framework is developed of the impact of intergenerational interactions at telecenters on community development. © 2010 Commonwealth Secretariat.

  • 26.
    Balazade, Maria
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Milinkovic, Anna
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Molnbaserade affärssystem och hur de stödjer SME-företag: En kvalitativ studie om hur molnbaserade affärssystem stödjer den dagliga verksamheten i SME-företag.2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Cloud-based enterprise resource planning system (ERP-system) isstandardized and is becoming an increasingly more popular support systemwithin enterprises. For enterprises to be able to receive support for theirwork tasks, they need to change their work processes for them to be carriedout in the cloud-based ERP-systems. The purpose of the study is to describehow cloud-based ERP-systems can support or cannot support the dailyoperations of SME-enterprises to answer the study's question: "How docloud-based enterprise resource planning support the daily operations ofSME-enterprises?"The study used a qualitative approach to answer the research question. Thesemi-structured interviews used in the study contributed to being able toinvestigate the area in depth and when the result was analyzed, significantthemes emerged that were the foundation for the study’s discussion andconclusion. The study’s conclusion indicates that cloud-based ERP-systemsgenerally is supportive for SME-enterprises daily operations. Cloud-basedERP-systems support daily operations by giving companies better control ofthe work processes, optimizing their tasks, and to be able to perform work inindependent of geographical location. The study’s conclusion it appears thatthere are work processes that can be done in cloud-based ERP-systems, butusers choose to do them in other systems or programs because thefunctionality and flexibility is limited in cloud-based ERP-systems

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  • 27.
    Barkman, Linus
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Detektering av krypterade filer2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In contemporary encryption the vast amount of text subject to cracking has brought about the demand for methods distinguish files more likely to be encrypted. The encryption software Truecrypt can encrypt files that are not possible to identify with a file signature. To solve the detection problem, an algorithm sensitive to the absence of structure in the very code of files was developed. The program was written in the programming language EnScript which is built into the forensic software suite EnCase. The essential part of the algorithm therefore deployes the statistic of a chi-square test for deviance from a uniform distribution to distinguish files with contents that appear to be random. The program managed to detect encrypted files that were created with Truecrypt. Test results indicate that the newly developed program is nearly double as fast and has at least the same accuracy in the detection as other pro- grams. The software is licensed under open source standard GNU GPL. The procedure developed will drastically facilitate for computer forensic experts to detect if any existing encrypted file is located on the hard drive.

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    Detektering av krypterade filer - Linus Barkman
  • 28.
    Bartmar, Hannah
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Borgersen, Sara
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Tonade armar och definierade magrutor: Hur könsnormer kan synliggöras i design av hälso- och träningsapplikationer2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The society we live in is made up of a gender system based on gender norms, including the principle of separation. This principle is based on the idea that men and women constitute two separate groups that are considered to have different gender-specific characteristics. The gender system thus creates a society where masculine qualities are considered to be the standard and the feminine qualities as deviating from this standard. Health and workout applications are often built upon these norms about masculinity and femininity. To challenge and create awareness of these gender norms, critical design can be implemented. The critical design approach is based on the idea that design elements can be used to make gender norms visible. In the long run, this can lead to individuals becoming aware of these norms and can contribute to a change in society by annihilating them. In this study, it has been investigated how gender norms can be made visible in the design of health and workout applications. The study has been conducted with a critical design-oriented approach, where a prototype has been developed using deconstruction as a design method in order to investigate how the norms can be made visible. The study has resulted in knowledge about how the deconstruction method can be used in order to create awareness of gender norms, as well as design guidelines which describe how design elements can be combined in order to achieve this awareness. 

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  • 29.
    Bengtsson, Conny
    Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET).
    Energianalys av luftbehandling2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Electricity consumption for ventilation has increased by 40% since 1990 in Sweden. Ventilation is an environmental villain since inquiries indicates that the electricity consumption for ventilation system fans can be much reduced. Reduction of electricity consumption for ventilation purposes can be achieved through e.g. the exchange of fan motors to EC motors or to fans with backward curved blades and direct drive. Such measures can provide reduced power consumption by up to 50 % in some applications.

    The ventilation fans in Sweden consume 12.3 TWh each year. Today Sweden has 175 000 ventilation systems with too high consumption of electricity and no heat recycling. According to the Swedish Energy Agency the ventilation sector has a large potential for savings and the energy consumption for ventilation could be lowered by 30 % (3,5 TWh), which roughly corresponds to the total annual wind power production in Sweden.

    The Analytical tool developed in this thesis work is designed to be user friendly and is thought to be an aid when evaluating functionality and efficiency in air treatment system. The tool analyzes data from measurements and produces key ratios which are then compared with given key ratios and standard guidelines. The Analysis tool was tested on one reference object and functioned as intended, but may at this stage be considered as a prototype that can be further developed. Specific training will be required before using the analysis tool with consideration to electrical safety and accuracy of measurement.

    This thesis work aims at evaluating the potential savings within air treatment systems in energy efficient buildings, and to develop a calculation tool to meet the demand that is likely to arise from property owners who want to save energy.

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  • 30.
    Bengtsson, Magnus
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Brandt, Carl-Henrik
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Strävan mot en hållbar kommun: En fallstudie av strategisk grön IS i Varbergs kommun2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I takt med de alltmer påtagliga miljöproblemen såsom klimatförändringar och minskning av biologisk mångfald har behovet av att agera ekologiskt hållbart blivit allt viktigare. Majoriteten av organisationer är idag eniga om att de har ett ansvar till bidragande av ett mer ekologiskt hållbart ageranade. Sveriges kommuner har ett ansvar att agera utifrån miljömål på en lokal nivå. Grön IS är ett begrepp som syftar till hur informationssystem kan stödja organisationer till att upprätta mer ekologiskt hållbara verksamhetsprocesser. Studiens syfte är att påvisa vilka strategiska orsaker som kan ligga till grund för tillämpning av grön IS för en svensk kommun. Det finns flera strategiska orsaker för organisationer att agera hållbart, i studien kartläggs ekologiska hållbarhetsstrategier och IS/IT-strategier vilka ligger till grund för grön IS-strategi. Den svenska kommunen representeras i en fallstudie av Varbergs kommun som eftersträvar att agera hållbart i sina verksamhetsprocesser. I studien har samband identifierats mellan Varberg kommuns ekologiska hållbarhetsmål och IS/IT-strategier där strategiska orsaker som effektivitet, attraktion, innovation och samverkan är anledningar att tillämpa grön IS.

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    Strävan mot en hållbar kommun – Magnus Bengtsson & Carl-Henrik Brandt
  • 31.
    Berbyuk Lindström, Nataliya
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Sofkova Hashemi, Sylvana
    Halmstad University, School of Education, Humanities and Social Science, Centrum för lärande, kultur och samhälle (CLKS).
    Hahn, Judit
    University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
    Palviainen, Åsa
    University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
    Asatiani, Aleksandre
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Kedra, Joanna
    University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
    Development Speeded up by Necessity: The Future of Higher Education and Academic Work Online2021In: AMCIS 2021: Proceedings. 3., Association for Information Systems, 2021Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The COVID-19 pandemic had a dramatic impact on our lives and living. In higher education, it led to a swift shift from on-campus to online education resulting in practices of emergency remote teaching through virtual classrooms. In this project, we seek to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities that this abrupt, enforced change to online education entailed for faculty and students in Sweden and Finland. We aim to examine the evolution of online work and study practices, their impact on the teaching and learning environment, and new expectations imposed on the faculty and students. Our goal is to enhance the theoretical understanding of e-learning, developing guidelines on how to make online education effective, exploring the impact of pandemics on the future of higher education. © AMCIS 2021.

  • 32.
    Berbyuk Lindström, Nataliya
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Sofkova Hashemi, Sylvana
    Halmstad University, School of Education, Humanities and Social Science, Centrum för lärande, kultur och samhälle (CLKS).
    Koutsikouri, Dina
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Smartphones and Migrant Integration: Mobile Technology as a Bridging Tool between Migrants and Host Societies2021In: AMCIS 2021: Proceedings. 4., Association for Information Systems, 2021Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to explore migrants' experiences and perceptions of mobile resources specifically developed for integration purposes in Sweden. Thematic content analysis of semi-structured focus group interviews with newly arrived migrants, guided by the Indicators for Integration Framework, was used. The findings suggest that lack of knowledge about existing applications and skepticism towards mobile technology as integration support in combination with time pressure and limited digital skills impede migrants’ use of mobile applications for integration. Further, technical hurdles stemming from owning outdated smartphones and technical problems with applications prevent migrants from uploading the applications. Finally, fear of surveillance is another obstacle for using applications requiring social media logins for authentication. The study reveals the friction between developers and providers of mobile resources for integration and the users’ perspective on these resources, offering implications for the development of mobile technology for migrant integration. © AMCIS 2021.

  • 33.
    Berg, Sandra
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Stenberg, Sally
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Organisationers etiska hantering av kunddata: integritet, samtycke, säkerhet, förtroende och ansvar: En kvalitativ studie om hur organisationer tillämpar etiska förhållningssätt vid hantering av kunddata2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    More and more organizations are dependent on customer data to be able to deliver their services. With the increased collection of personal customer data, ethical challenges arise for organizations. According to previous research, higher demands are placed on how organizations handle customer data today. The purpose of the study was to investigate which ethical approaches on which organizations' positions are based and how ethical challenges are handled when using personal customer data. A qualitative approach was used for the study and semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather empirical data to be able to answer the research question. The study identified with a literature review, ethical challenges that arise with data collection: integrity, consent, security and trust. In the study, a thematic analysis was performed where a new ethical challenge emerged which is: responsibility. The study's conclusion shows a number of occasions when organizations apply different ethical approaches to ethical challenges. Different ethical approaches from which the study was analyzed are consequentialism, egoism consequentialism, rule utilitarianism and dutybased ethics. 

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  • 34.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    Institut för tillämpad informationsteknologi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    Hoax - sociala virus på Internet2010In: Kulturelle processer i Europa: indlaeg fra den 29. Nordiske etnolog- og folkloristkongres, København: Museum Tusculanums Forlag, 2010, p. 151-160Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 35.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    IT-universitetet, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    iDentity: Identitetsskapande i Macvärlden2006In: Vardagslivets fronter / [ed] Kerstin Gunnemark & Magnus Mörck, Göteborg: Arkipelag, 2006, p. 125-143Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 36.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    Göteborg University.
    Hafström, Carolina
    Hofbauer, Jessica
    Global Discourse and Local Practice: A study of the Role of Open Source Software in SchoolNet Namibia2005Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    Gothenburg University, Sweden.
    Ihlström Eriksson, Carina
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Man and Information technology laboratory (MI-lab).
    Ljungberg, Jan
    Gothenburg University, Sweden.
    Åkesson, Maria
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Man and Information technology laboratory (MI-lab).
    Combining Actor Network Theory and Genre Theory to Understand the Evolution of Digital Genres2008In: Proceedings of JAIS Theory Development Workshop, Amsterdam: Sprouts Alliance , 2008, p. 36-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we argue that a combination of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Genre Theory can constitute a theoretical framework for understanding how digital genres evolve. Genre theory states that genres evolve over time through reciprocal interaction between institutionalized practices and individual action; that they develop from actors’ responses to recurrent situations, and are shaped around characteristics as content, form, functionality and purpose. Genres emerge out of practice and at the same time they shape that practice. While genre theory can describe the characteristics of a genre, it cannot handle the process of how a genre is formed and what powers and forces are involved in this shaping process. In order to address this problem, several authors have incorporated structuration theory into genre analysis. However, structuration theory can only catch these constitutional processes of genre in a very broad manner. As a genre is evolving and stabilizing over time in interplay with different actors, it goes beyond what is possible to explain only by means of structuration theory. Instead, ANT could work as a tool to capture the process of how a genre takes form in negotiations with different stakeholders. In this paper we discuss how genre theory and ANT can be combined in a framework for analyzing emerging genres. We apply this theoretical framework on an e-newspaper project that embodies a new genre in the making. We will here show how evolving genre characteristics are developed, formed and stabilized in a negotiation and struggle between the involved actors when they translate their interests in ways that finally are resulting in a new genre.

  • 38.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ljungberg, Jan
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Tales from the Crypt – Organizing IT-Business in the Dotcom era2005In: Proceedings of the IRIS28 / [ed] Eli Hustad, Björn E. Munkvold, Knut Rolland & Leif S. Flak, Kristiansand: IRIS Association , 2005Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we report on a narrative study aimed at capturing consultants’ experiences of mergers – from an organizational and cultural perspective – during the so-called dotcom era. In the paper we focus on the problems that resulted from mergers between firms with totally different views on what it means to organize IT-business. The mergers studied led to cultural clashes in how to organize IT-projects, like different ways of managing, organizing, working, collaborating and experiencing the organization, but also implicit practices like dress-code, attitudes, lifestyle, norms and values. The empirical data is collected with the help of storytelling session where consultants tell stories about own experiences or stories that they have heard from colleagues. Stories are presented and discussed related to different themes, such as values, practices, culture/identity, and business models. We propose that these experiences of failed acquisitions and mergers embed important knowledge of the practices and problems of the organizing of IT-businesses.

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  • 39.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg.
    Ljungberg, Jan
    University of Gothenburg.
    Rolandsson, Bertil
    University of Gothenburg.
    Justifying the Value of Open Source2012In: ECIS 2012 Proceedings: Paper 122, Association for Information Systems, 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Over the last decade, free and open source software (FOSS) has gradually become recognized by different actors in society outside FOSS communities and increasingly integrated in corporate software development, challenging proprietary software practices and establishing new open source companies. Literature describing this transition is focusing a narrow view on the value of using FOSS, mainly understanding it as an efficient alternative to established models for software development. This is not sufficient to fully understand the uptake of FOSS into companies. In order to gain a deeper understanding of this, there is a need to articulate a wider range of different values associated with FOSS and how they interplay in the intersection of corporations and movements. To do this we propose the order of worth framework developed by French sociologist Luc Boltanski and colleagues, which focus on the arrangements of value logics as an analytical strategy to understand how values form strong or weak arrangements in processes of institutionalization. By applying the framework on key texts from the free and open source software movement as well as on a an interview study with professional software developers employed by firms, we set out to identify how values associated with FOSS become justificatory arrangements that give legitimacy to FOSS and how these arrangements change over time, from the early free software movement to the emergent uptake of FOSS in contemporary professional software development. By understanding how justificatory logics come to play and interplay, corporations that want to adopt FOSS can better manage their engagement in FOSS activities. Keywords: Free and Open Source Software, Orders of Worth, Justification logics, Value of Open Source.

  • 40.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg.
    Ljungberg, Jan
    University of Gothenburg.
    Rolandsson, Bertil
    University of Gothenburg.
    Spaces of Accountability: Understanding Worth in Distributed Innovation Work2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As a result of various driving forces, R&D and innovation processes are increasingly opened up for external influences and resources. This has lead to a changing nature of innovation work to become more distributed, networked and fragmented. In companies, a consequence of this is that hierarchically defined directives are transformed to lateral agreements. For the employee, a consequence of this is that they are increasingly expected to justify the value of distributed innovation practices in relation to both their firm and external contributors of innovation, and by doing so they involve themselves in a process were accountability is horizontally redistributed. In order to analyze this process, we use a case of open source software development, were developers from eleven firms, using open source in their professional practice, are interviewed. We show how distributed innovation processes leave the professional developer with the responsibility to select and assure that external resources becomes advantageous to their work, and how they use different types of justification to account for the value of this appropriation. We identify how different spaces of accountability are formed, potentially leading to tensions between different logic of worth. Keywords: distributed innovation, developers, logic of justification, tensions, accountability

  • 41.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg.
    Ljungberg, Jan
    University of Gothenburg.
    Rolandsson, Bertil
    University of Gothenburg.
    The Worth of Opening up Developmental Work: Justifying a New Business Driven Spirit of Open Source Software Development2011Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Free and open source software development (FOSS) used to be associated with an ideologically driven movement built around communities of voluntary members, organizing resistance against proprietary software development. Today, however, software firms perceive FOSS as a source of innovation. Previous research has investigated what this change has meant to movement driven FOSS, but we still need more knowledge about the professional programmers and their way of organize business driven open source software development in their daily practice. This article investigates the interpretative guidelines or justifying arrangement that guide their use of FOSS. The analysis is based on 30 interviews that were done during 2008-2009 with programmers who were employed either by software firms that had come to a point where they started to adopt open source, or by firms that always based their business on open source software development. Theoretical concepts that were used in the analysis mainly derive from the economic sociology of Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thevénot, and the results indicate the emergence of a new spirit of business driven open source, consisting of a combination of different justificatory logics. This new spirit is described as an arrangement guiding how professional programmers in today’s software industry perceive the worth of using open source code in their developmental work.

  • 42.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    Institutionen för tillämpad informationsteknologi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    Remneland Wikhamn, Björn
    Företagsekonomiska institutionen, Management & Organisation, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    Ljungberg, Jan
    Institutionen för tillämpad informationsteknologi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    Kuschel, Jonas
    Institutionen för tillämpad informationsteknologi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    Generativity in open innovation ecosystem: the case of iPhone and Android2012In: Perspectives on Supplier Innovation: Theories, Concepts and Empirical Insights on Open Innovation and the Integration of Suppliers / [ed] Alexander Brem & Joe Tidd, Singapore: World Scientific, 2012, p. 617-650Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology.
    Rolandsson, Bertil
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Exploring ADM in Clinical Decision-Making: Healthcare experts encountering digital automation2022In: Everyday Automation: Experiencing and Anticipating Emerging Technologies / [ed] Sarah Pink; Martin Berg; Deborah Lupton; Minna Ruckenstein, London: Routledge, 2022, 1, p. 140-153Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter investigates how healthcare experts engage in the development of Automated Decision Making (ADM), and how their discretionary work unfolds through the participation in designing ADM applications in different use contexts. Drawing on semi-structured interviews, the chapter theorises discretionary work by showing how institutionalised demands for accountability and accuracy forge the healthcare experts’ delegation of decisions using algorithms. Contrary to research claiming that ADM is about to outperform healthcare experts and make the need for clinical reasoning dispensable, the study shows that the introduction of ADM raises new demands for expertise and human accountability, whereby ADM is integrated into an existing professional practice of exploration. © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Sarah Pink, Martin Berg, Deborah Lupton, Minna Ruckenstein.

  • 44.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg.
    Rolandsson, Bertil
    University of Gothenburg.
    Restricting or releasing passion for innovation: The case of professional open source software development2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Companies are seeking methods to become more innovative. One strategy is to introduce disruption to promote innovation. An example of this is the uptake of Open Source Software (OSS) technologies, methods and mindsets by commercially driven actors. Contrary to the firm, open source is associated with hackers driven by a passion emerging out of a community or peer based innovation model. The fact that these hackers are highly engaged in collaboration outside the limits of the organisation, have meant that companies start to perceive them as potential resources enabling them to extend their innovative capacity. The passionate hacker is seen as an autonomous and positive disruptive force that can promote innovation for the company. This paper is based on an interview study with 30 software developers from ten companies that have chosen to introduce OSS as a vehicle for innovation. Theoretically, passion is understood as an urge to develop high quality software beyond the demarcations of the firm; it is a matter of craft or art, and the paper focuses on how this perception of the passionate hacker guides these professional developers at work. Thus, it is analysed how the discourse on the passionate hacker is transformed when it is adopted by developers working in a firm that expects organisational commitment. By studying the reshaping of these software developers’ practices, we show how OSS passion for disruptive innovation is transformed in a professional work environment, but also how disruption creates new demarcations when open source ‘culture of passion’ is introduced in firms.

  • 45.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    Institutionen för tillämpad informationsteknologi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    Rolandsson, Bertil
    University of Gothenburg.
    Ljungberg, Jan
    University of Gothenburg.
    Open source programmers strategies to cope with ideological tensions2009Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we analyse how the increased use of open source software in companies affect employed programmers’ work, which we theorize as part of a larger secularisation process. We have studied both companies based on a more traditional proprietary model who are becoming open source oriented, and SMEs built around open source business concepts. This change results in a need for professional programmers to re-interpret open source within a new business oriented context. We study what kind of strategies programmers develop to cope with these contradictory systems and how it changes work roles and programmers’ approaches towards open source community work.

  • 46.
    Bergquist, Magnus
    et al.
    Institutionen för tillämpad informationsteknologi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sverige.
    Szczepanska, Anna Maria
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Ljungberg, Jan
    Göteborgs universitet.
    A World-Wide Nod to Free/Libre and Open Source Software: Emerging Public Sector Initiatives2005Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 47.
    Bergström, Daniel
    et al.
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Nyström, Jacob
    Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE).
    Småföretagens medvetenhet gällande molnavtal2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    fulltext
  • 48.
    Bergström, Emil
    Halmstad University.
    Exploring User Experience designers experiences working with Machine Learning2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The user experience (UX) design practice (c.m.p interaction design practice) has started to make profound changes in designing intelligent digital services using Machine Learning (ML) to enhance the UX. ML has the capability to enhance the user’s experience, for example, facilitating more accurate decisions or improving efficiency in achieving one's goals. However, research suggests that ML is a challenging design material in design practice, such as not envisioning the best-suited solution because of not comprehending data dependency when prototyping or the lack of tools and methods for evaluating the solution. Without a doubt, ML opens new doors for UX designers to be creative in their practice. However, research indicates that lack of knowledge transfer into UX design practice may hamper this potential. This paper explores how UX designers experience ML. The findings resulted in 5 experiences: 1) Absence of competence, 2) Lack of incentive for competence development, 3) Challenging articulating design criteria, 4) Mature vs. Immature customers, 5) Lack of support for ethical concerns. I discuss the implications of these findings and propose how we can understand UX design practice and opportunities for additional design research to support designers working with ML. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 49. Bergström, Emil
    et al.
    Virtanen, Markus
    En undersökning om navigationsstöd i AR: Den fysiska miljöns betydelse2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 50.
    Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Ihlström Eriksson, Carina
    Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Man and Information technology laboratory (MI-lab).
    Melander Wikman, Anita
    Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Ståhlbröst, Anna
    Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    A Model for Reflective Participatory Design - The Role of Participation, Voice and Space2015In: AMCIS 2015 Proceedings, AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) , 2015Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper aims to contribute to the participatory tradition in health informatics by presenting a model for reflective participatory design emerging from qualitative fieldwork in a participatory project aimed to improve the health and wellbeing of older people in the northern periphery regions of Europe, through new mobile services. The model brings together two established processes in novel ways: systems development and user participation. Within each process three concepts are presented to facilitate discussion and reflection at the concept level, the process level and the integrated process level.

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