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Birth Cohort Differences in Fluid Cognition in Old Age: Comparisons of Trends in Levels and Change Trajectories Over 30 Years in Three Population-Based Samples
Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI). Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0091-2005
Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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2015 (English)In: Psychology and Aging, ISSN 0882-7974, E-ISSN 1939-1498, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 83-94Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Later born cohorts of older adults tend to outperform earlier born on fluid cognition (i.e. Flynn effect) when measured at the same chronological ages. We investigated cohort differences in level of performance and rate of change across three population-based samples born in 1901, 1906, and 1930, drawn from the Gerontological and Geriatric Population Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden (H70), and measured on tests of logical reasoning and spatial ability at ages 70, 75 and 79 years. Estimates from multiple-group latent growth curve models (LGCM) revealed, in line with previous studies, substantial differences in level of performance where later born cohorts outperformed earlier born cohorts. Somewhat surprisingly later born cohorts showed, on average, a steeper decline than the earlier born cohort. Gender and education only partially accounted for observed cohort trends. Men outperformed women in the 1906 and 1930 cohorts but no difference was found in the 1901 cohort. More years of education was associated with improved performance in all three cohorts. Our findings confirm the presence of birth cohort effects also in old age but indicate a faster rate of decline in later born samples. Potential explanations for these findings are discussed. © 2015 American Psychological Association.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association (APA), 2015. Vol. 30, no 1, p. 83-94
Keywords [en]
aging, cognitive decline, cohort differences, Flynn effect, logical reasoning, spatial ability
National Category
Social Sciences Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27235DOI: 10.1037/a0038643ISI: 000351398400009PubMedID: 25602494Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84925732226OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-27235DiVA, id: diva2:770998
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, 2009-0581Available from: 2014-12-12 Created: 2014-12-12 Last updated: 2021-05-20Bibliographically approved

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Karlsson, Peter

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