The aim of this report is to identify the role of academics as entrepreneurs in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. We highlight the characteristics of companies established by academics and which factors that are crucial for these companies to grow. A special focus has been whether academics organise their companies in a particular way – a way that we may expect will become more common in our knowledge society.The report contains an executive summary in English, a Nordic overview in Danish, as well as national reports written in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish.