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Patienters perspektiv på delaktighet i vården
Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS).
2014 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Patients ́ perspectives on participation in health care (English)
Abstract [sv]

Patienter har enligt lag rätt till att vara delaktiga i vård och behandling, trots detta upplever patienter brist på delaktighet i vården. Syftet med studien var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av hinder och möjligheter för delaktighet i vården. Studien genomfördes som en systematisk litteraturstudie och 15 vetenskapliga artiklar ligger till grund för resultatet. I resultatet framträdde tre övergripande områden: individ, vårdrelation och organisation, och utifrån dessa framkom sex kategorier som beskrev hinder och möjligheter för delaktighet ur ett patientperspektiv. Patienters individuella förutsättningar för delaktighet berodde på faktorer som ålder, bakgrund, kunskap, erfarenheter och personlighetsdrag. I vårdrelationen upplevde patienter hinder och möjligheter, som kunde bero på sjuksköterskors attityder och förhållningssätt eller faktorer som handlade om kommunikation och information. Organisationen hade betydelse för upplevelsen av delaktighet. En stressig miljö med brist på kontinuitet och tid hos personalen försvårar delaktighet. Kunskap angående patienters upplevelser av hinder och möjligheter för delaktighet krävs för att kunna möta patienters behov och främja delaktighet. Det är därför viktigt att redan i sjuksköterskeutbildningen belysa vikten av patientdelaktighet. I vårdverksamheten är det viktigt med reflektion och att sjuksköterskor har en helhetssyn av patienter som utgångspunkt i omvårdnaden. Att utveckla organisationen mot ett mer personcentrerat synsätt skulle kunna främja delaktighet. Ytterligare forskning angående organisationens betydelse för delaktighet skulle vara intressant. 

Abstract [en]

Patients have a legal right to participate in their own healthcare and treatment, in spite of this, patients experience a lack of participation in nursing care. The aim of the study was to describe patients ́ experiences of barriers and facilitators for participation in nursing care. The study was conducted as a systematic literature review and the results are based on 15 research articles. Three major themes emerged: individual, the nurse-patient relationship and the care organization and based on these, six categories were identified that described the barriers and facilitators for participation from a patient perspective. Participation for the individual patient depended on factors such as age, background, knowledge, experience and personality. In the nurse-patient relationship, patients experienced barriers and facilitators, which could be due to nurses ́ behaviors and attitudes or factors concerning communication and information. The care organization had significance for the experience of participation. A stressful environment with lack of continuity and time hinders participation. Knowledge about patients ́ experiences of barriers and facilitators is required in order to meet patients ́ needs and further participation. It is therefore vital that already in the education of nurses to highlight the importance of patient participation. Reflecting is important in nursing care and that nurses have a holistic view of the patients in their care. To develop the organization toward a more person-centered approach could promote participation. Further research regarding the organization's importance to participation would be interesting. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014. , p. 38
Keywords [en]
Barriers, experience, facilitators, nursing, patient, patient participation
Keywords [sv]
Hinder, möjligheter, omvårdnad, patient, patientdelaktighet, upplevelse
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25486OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-25486DiVA, id: diva2:721454
Subject / course
Nursing
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2014-06-10 Created: 2014-06-04 Last updated: 2014-06-10Bibliographically approved

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