With human expansion, deforestation and fragmentation of habitat is increasing. With a reduced size of the forests, edge effects are now becoming an issue for certain bird species. The edge effect could cause lower survival rates for sensitive species, but the reduced forest habitats might also contribute to a larger competition for food among the species living in the forest, and it being extra hard on specialists that do not adapt so well to change. The aim of this study was to try and locate possible similarities and differences in species richness, abundance and evenness at two forest fragments and its surrounding cropland by documenting what bird species there are in the area and perform statistical analyses on the numbers of species. Identification of birds was made in the two different forest types; a native forest fragment and an exotic eucalyptus forest in the region of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The bird identification was performed through visually observation and by identifying bird song at multiple sample points around the chosen sites. Statistical analysis showed that the species abundance and evenness was highest around the exotic eucalyptus fragment. The Brazilian Atlantic forest holds many endemic and endangered species, at the same time as the forest is getting severely fragmented, more knowledge on how species function in fragmented forest areas is important.