Background: Continuous professional development (CPD) is necessary for every healthcare professional, but it is even more important in developing countries. In addition to the traditional need for CPD to keep improving the quality of service delivery, in developing countries, some health professionals work in remote areas where they lack the experience of senior colleagues. In this regard, online CPD is among the strategies that can improve the quality of health care services delivery. Aim: Thus, this study assessed the needs, facilitators, and barriers of using online learning for continuous professional development among nurses, midwives, and physicians in Rwanda. Design: The study used a cross-sectional study design and a survey to collect quantitative data from physicians, nurses, and midwives on their views about online learning for continuous professional development needs, facilitators, and barriers. Method: The study used proportionate stratified random sampling strategy to collect quantitative data from 261 participants from 51 health institutions. The major analysis used was descriptive statistics in terms of describing the responses of participants in percentages and frequencies. Results: The findings indicate that 97.3% of participants consider the importance of CPD, 71.6% prefer blended approach for CPD, and 86.5% use smartphones. About the internet status, 28.0% of participants reported to have fast and stable internet, 57.1% to have fast but not stable internet, and 14.2% reported to have not fast and stable internet. Conclusion: Nurses, midwives, and physicians perceive online learning as a good source of continuing professional development, but its implementation must depend on improved internet access, compatible technology with smartphones, or increasing the availability of computers and tablets at health institutions. © 2023 The Author(s)