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Removal efficiency of pharmaceuticals by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs): a case study in Halland County, Sweden.
Halmstad University.
2022 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

Pharmaceuticals are a wide and diverse class of substances that are used to prevent, cure and treat sickness and as well improve health. Today, pharmaceutical residues are widely found in nature as a cause of the extensive use of human and veterinary medicine and have shown to have a damaging impact on flora and fauna. Pharmaceuticals pose a considerable risk to the environment when identified in wastewater treatment plant effluents, thus they must be eliminated quickly. This study aims at evaluating the removal efficiency of seven wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from Halland county of Sweden. Thus, the influent and effluent concentrations of the pharmaceuticals were quantified and average concentration ascertained. The average percentage removal of the pharmaceuticals and average removal efficiency of the WWTPs were obtained. Wastewater samples were collected between 2017 to 2019 from seven WWTPs located in four municipalities of the region of Halland, Sweden. The 22 pharmaceuticals analyzed were selected and concentration measured by RISE company, Sweden. Our result revealed that the pharmaceuticals are present in the wastewater samples and that pharmaceutical with the highest influent and effluent concentration is desvenlafaxine with average influent/effluent concentration of 741ng/l and 838 ng/l respectively while the lowest is risperidone with average influent/effluent concentration of (0.13 ng/l and 0.05 ng/l). About 50% of the pharmaceuticals had their effluent conc. slightly higher than their influent conc with a negative removal. The average percentage removal of pharmaceuticals showed tetracycline with the highest removal of 82% and azithromycin the lowest at 15%. Kullavik 2 and Lerkil 1 WWTPs showed the best removal efficiency both at 73% while Hammargard 1 the lowest at 36%. It is therefore recommended for the adoption of technologies that will improve the removal efficiency of the WWTPs especially for pharmaceuticals that had a negative removal in order to curb their risk in the aquatic ecosystem when they occur in the effluent and discharge in surface water.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 32
National Category
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-47064OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-47064DiVA, id: diva2:1669146
Subject / course
Environmental Science
Educational program
Master's Programme in Applied Environmental Science
Presentation
2022-05-30, Room S3030, Kristian IV:s väg 3, 301 18, Halmstad, 10:15 (English)
Supervisors
Examiners
Note

As my project work is part of a research work that has not being published, I shall publish here only my Abstract. 

Available from: 2022-06-14 Created: 2022-06-14 Last updated: 2022-06-14Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
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