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Does ETSI beaconing frequency control provide cooperative awareness?
Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Centre for Research on Embedded Systems (CERES).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1460-2988
Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Centre for Research on Embedded Systems (CERES).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4894-4134
Halmstad University, School of Information Technology, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), Centre for Research on Embedded Systems (CERES).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6526-3931
2015 (English)In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Workshop (ICCW), Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2015, p. 2393-2398Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Platooning is an emergent vehicular application aiming at increasing road safety, efficiency and driving comfort. The cooperation between the vehicles in a platoon is achieved by the frequent exchange of periodic broadcast Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) also known as beacons. CAM triggering conditions are drafted in the standard ETSI EN 302 637–2 and are based on the dynamics of an originating vehicle. These conditions are checked repeatedly with a certain sampling rate. We have discovered that the improper choice of the sampling rate value may increase the number of collisions between CAMs at the IEEE 802.11p medium access control layer and, therefore, diminish the efficiency of beaconing in a platoon. © 2015 IEEE

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2015. p. 2393-2398
Keywords [en]
VANET, cooperative awareness, beaconing, congestion control, platooning, ETSI
National Category
Vehicle Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-29202DOI: 10.1109/ICCW.2015.7247539ISI: 000380459900393Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84947803973ISBN: 978-1-4673-6305-1 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-29202DiVA, id: diva2:846302
Conference
1st IEEE ICC Workshop on Dependable Vehicular Communications (DVC 2015), London, United Kingdom, June 12, 2015
Projects
ACDC: Autonomous Cooperative Driving: Communications Issues
Funder
Knowledge Foundation
Note

This study is supported by NFITS - National ITS Postgraduate School (Sweden) and is a part of the ”ACDC: Autonomous Cooperative Driving: Communications Issues” project (2014-2016) funded by the Knowledge Foundation (Sweden) in cooperation with Volvo GTT, Volvo Cars, Scania, Kapsch TrafficCom and Qamcom Research & Technology.

Available from: 2015-08-15 Created: 2015-08-15 Last updated: 2020-05-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Performance evaluation of C-ACC/platooning under ITS-G5 communications
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Performance evaluation of C-ACC/platooning under ITS-G5 communications
2016 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are aiming to provide innovative services related to different modes of transport and traffic management, and enable various users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated and smarter use of transport networks. Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS) support connectivity between vehicles, vehicles and roadside infrastructure, traffic signals as well as with other road users. In order to enable vehicular communications European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) delivered ITS-G5 -- a of set of C-ITS standards. Considering the goals of C-ITS, inter-vehicle communications should be reliable and efficient.

In this thesis we study the performance, efficiency, and dependability of ITS-G5 communications for Cooperative adaptive cruise control (C-ACC) and platooning C-ITS applications. We provide an overview of currently available and ongoing standardization targeting communications in C-ACC/platooning. We study the performance of ITS-G5 beaconing in a C-ACC/platooning scenario, where we show that its performance may deteriorate when implemented in cooperative driving applications due to the kinematic-dependent design of the message triggering mechanism. We explain in detail the cause of this phenomenon and test it for a wide range of parameters. Also, we study the influence of different available ITS-G5 legitimate setups on the C-ACC/platooning fuel efficiency and demonstrate that proper communication setup may enhance fuel savings. This thesis also proposes a jamming denial-of-service attack detection algorithm for platooning. The main advantage of our detector is its short learning phase that not exceed a second and low detection delay of a few hundreds of milliseconds. Under some assumptions, the proposed algorithm demonstrates the ability to detect certain types of attacks with average probability above 0.9.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Halmstad: Halmstad University Press, 2016. p. 64
Series
Halmstad University Dissertations ; 26
Keywords
VANET, ITS-G5, ETSI, Platooning, C-ACC, DoS, jamming, DCC, CAM, Cooperative Awareness
National Category
Communication Systems Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32320 (URN)978-91-87045-55-4 (ISBN)978-91-87045-54-7 (ISBN)
Presentation
2016-12-06, Wigforssalen, Visionen, Kristian IV:s väg 3, Halmstad, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
ACDC
Available from: 2016-11-08 Created: 2016-10-26 Last updated: 2017-05-16Bibliographically approved
2. Performance evaluation of safety critical ITS-G5 V2V communications for cooperative driving applications
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Performance evaluation of safety critical ITS-G5 V2V communications for cooperative driving applications
2019 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are aiming to provide innovative services related to different modes of transport and traffic management, and enable various users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated and smarter use of transport networks. Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS) support connectivity between vehicles, vehicles and roadside infrastructure, traffic signals as well as with other road users. In order to enable vehicular communications European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) delivered ITS-G5 -- a of set of C-ITS standards. Considering the goals of C-ITS, inter-vehicle communications should be reliable and efficient.

The subject of this thesis is evaluation of the performance, efficiency, and dependability of ITS-G5 communications for cooperative driving applications support. This thesis includes eight scientific papers and extends the research area in three directions: evaluation of the performance of ITS-G5 beaconing protocols; studying the performance of ITS-G5 congestion control mechanisms; and studying the radio jamming Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks and their detection methods.

First, an overview of currently available and ongoing standardization targeting communications in C-ACC/platooning cooperative driving applications is provided. Then, as part of the first research direction, we demonstrate via a number of studies, that the adaptive beaconing approach where message generation is coupled to the speed variation of the originating ITS-s may lead to a message synchronization effect in the time domain when vehicles follow mobility scenarios that involve cooperative speed variation. We explain in detail the cause of this phenomenon and test it for a wide range of parameters. In relation to the second problem, we, first, study the influence of different available ITS-G5 legitimate setups on the C-ACC/platooning fuel efficiency and demonstrate that proper communication setup may enhance fuel savings. Then we thoroughly study the standardization of the congestion control mechanism for ITS-G5, which will affect the operation of all cooperative driving C-ITS applications as a mandatory component. We study the influence of congestion control on application performance and give recommendations for improvement to make the congestion control to target at optimizing the applications performance metrics. In the scope of the last research direction, we propose two real-time jamming DoS detection methods. The main advantage of our detection techniques is their short learning phase that not exceed a few seconds and low detection delay of a few hundreds of milliseconds. Under some assumptions, the proposed algorithms demonstrates the ability to detect certain types of attacks with high detection probability.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Halmstad: Halmstad University Press, 2019. p. 186
Series
Halmstad University Dissertations ; 53
Keywords
C-ITS, VANET, ITS-G5, IEEE 802.11p, ETSI, platooning, C-ACC, jamming Denial-of-Service attack, congestion control, cooperative awareness, security in C-ITS
National Category
Communication Systems Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-38763 (URN)978-91-88749-15-4 (ISBN)978-91-88749-14-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2019-01-30, Wigforssalen, Visionen, Kristian IV:s väg 3, Halmstad, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2019-01-17 Created: 2019-01-16 Last updated: 2019-01-17Bibliographically approved

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Lyamin, NikitaVinel, AlexeyJonsson, Magnus

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