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Exploring longitudinal measurement invariance and the continuum hypothesis in the Swedish version of the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ): An exploratory structural equation modeling approach
Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden & University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand & University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0834-1040
Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (CVHI), Health and Sport.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8987-5975
University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2066-6235
Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
2018 (English)In: Psychology of Sport And Exercise, ISSN 1469-0292, E-ISSN 1878-5476, Vol. 36, p. 187-196Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Objectives

The aims of the present study were to: (a) examine longitudinal measurement invariance in the Swedish version of the Behavioral Regulations in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) and (b) examine the continuum hypothesis of motivation as postulated within self-determination theory.

Design

Two-wave survey.

Method

Young competitive athletes (N = 354) responded to the BRSQ early in the season (November) and at the end of the athletic season (April). Data were analyzed using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and bifactor ESEM.

Results

We found support for strict longitudinal measurement invariance in the BRSQ. Latent mean comparisons showed an increase in external regulation and amotivation across the season. The latent factor correlations indicated some deviations from a simplex pattern related to amotivation, external regulation, and introjected regulation. In the bifactor model, intrinsic motivation items had negative factor loadings on the global factor, identified regulation items had factor loadings approaching zero, and introjected and external regulation and amotivation items all had moderate to strong positive factor loadings.

Conclusion

The present study adds longitudinal measurement invariance to the psychometric evidence of the BRSQ. Research on why the latent means of the behavioral regulations changed over the athletic season is warranted. The continuum hypothesis was partially supported. Latent factor correlations and factor loadings on the global factor in the bifactor ESEM highlighted that the discriminant validity of the controlled regulations and amotivation needs further investigation. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2018. Vol. 36, p. 187-196
Keywords [en]
Latent mean changes, Motivation continuum, Self-determination theory, Temporal stability
National Category
Applied Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36388DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.03.002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85043782981OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hh-36388DiVA, id: diva2:1188190
Note

Funding: Andreas Stenling was supported by grants from Umeå School of Sport Sciences (Dnr: IH 5.3-12-2017) and the Swedish National Centre for Research in Sports (CIF), grant numbers P2014-0043 and P2015-0114. Daniel F. Gucciardi is supported by a Curtin Research Fellowship.

Available from: 2018-03-06 Created: 2018-03-06 Last updated: 2024-01-23Bibliographically approved

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Stenling, AndreasIvarsson, AndreasLindwall, Magnus

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