hh.sePublications
Change search
Link to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Werner, Sven, Professor emeritusORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-9069-0807
Alternative names
Publications (10 of 93) Show all publications
Werner, S. (2022). Network configurations for implemented low-temperature district heating. Energy, 254, part B, Article ID 124091.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Network configurations for implemented low-temperature district heating
2022 (English)In: Energy, ISSN 0360-5442, E-ISSN 1873-6785, Vol. 254, part B, article id 124091Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper presents the findings and conclusions from an inventory of network configurations implemented in several early projects concerning low-temperature district heating systems implemented in both existing and new networks. The main findings are presented for each configuration group, including configuration layouts, typical temperature levels and several implemented installation examples, together with the advantages and disadvantages of each network configuration. In the assessment, a classification system comprising six different groups of typical network configurations was identified for low-temperature heat distribution. Together with eight variants within three of these six groups, fourteen possible network configurations were identified for low-temperature district heating. The main feature became the choice between a cold or warm network for the heat distribution, while the suitability of each network configuration depends on the temperatures of the available heat sources. © 2022 The Author

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
London: Elsevier, 2022
Keywords
Low-temperature, District heating, District cooling, Inventory, Classification
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-47899 (URN)10.1016/j.energy.2022.124091 (DOI)000808087000005 ()2-s2.0-85131141583 (Scopus ID)
Projects
Low-Temperature District Heating
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, F2017/178
Available from: 2022-08-17 Created: 2022-08-17 Last updated: 2022-08-19Bibliographically approved
Möller, B., Wiechers, E., Persson, U., Nielsen, S., Werner, S., Connolly, D., . . . Lund, H. (2022). Peta: the Pan-European Thermal Atlas : version 5.2 : developed as part of the sEEnergies project. Flensburg: Europa-Universität Flensburg
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Peta: the Pan-European Thermal Atlas : version 5.2 : developed as part of the sEEnergies project
Show others...
2022 (English)Other (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The Pan-European Thermal Atlas version 5.2 (Peta, version 5.2). Peta is an online visualization tool for spatial data relating to energy efficiency in buildings, industry, and transport sectors. Developed as part of the sEEnergies project. Copyright Flensburg, Halmstad and Aalborg Universities 2022. 

Place, publisher, year, pages
Flensburg: Europa-Universität Flensburg, 2022
National Category
Energy Systems Remote Sensing Energy Engineering
Research subject
Smart Cities and Communities
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-48178 (URN)
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 846463
Available from: 2022-09-29 Created: 2022-09-29 Last updated: 2023-02-27Bibliographically approved
Norrström, H., Stålne, K., Averfalk, H. & Werner, S. (2022). Ranagård med 4GDH-teknik: Slutrapport mars 2022. Eskilstuna: Energimyndigheten
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ranagård med 4GDH-teknik: Slutrapport mars 2022
2022 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Eskilstuna: Energimyndigheten, 2022. p. 75
Keywords
Ny fjärrvärmeteknik, genomförande, acceptans, hinder, möjligheter
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-48278 (URN)
Projects
Ranagård med ny 4GDH-teknik
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 48259-1
Available from: 2022-10-06 Created: 2022-10-06 Last updated: 2022-10-17Bibliographically approved
Johansen, K. & Werner, S. (2022). Something is sustainable in the state of Denmark: A review of the Danish district heating sector. Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, 158, Article ID 112117.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Something is sustainable in the state of Denmark: A review of the Danish district heating sector
2022 (English)In: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, ISSN 1364-0321, E-ISSN 1879-0690, Vol. 158, article id 112117Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper provides a coherent review of district heating in Denmark, exploring past, present and future perspectives. Danish district heating is known as unique internationally in terms of heat planning strategies, technical solutions and combinations, energy efficiency and sustainability, ownership models and financing, and it has captured the attention of district heating communities and stakeholders worldwide from the early days. Historically, a ban on landfills incentivised waste incineration, and the strategic integration of combined heat and power plants and recycling of waste heat from industry all increased energy efficiency in the energy system. Ultimately, this contributed to the top World Energy Council ranking of the Danish energy system according to the energy trilemma criteria. A cooperative mind-set, welfare state values and the notions of energy efficiency-, availability-, independency- and sustainability were all pivotal for the evolution of the district heating networks throughout Denmark. Other unique features of the Danish district heating sector include large-scale collective heat planning, the mandatory connection, the non-profit principle, the same approximate price for customers irrespective of heat density, and the relatively high average price of district heating. Moreover, district heating knowledge hubs have led to world-wide exports of district heating technologies and know-how. Future challenges for the Danish district heating sector include increasing biomass import dependency, the changing role of combined heat and power plants in the energy system, transitions to non-combustion heat supplies, and competition from individual heat pumps in single-family houses. However, future ‘smart’ thermal grids will increasingly facilitate sector coupling processes as more renewable energy resources are integrated into the energy system in Denmark and internationally. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford: Elsevier, 2022
Keywords
Denmark, District heating, Energy transition, Heat planning, Review
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-46529 (URN)10.1016/j.rser.2022.112117 (DOI)000820110900001 ()2-s2.0-85123062091 (Scopus ID)
Projects
InterHUB
Note

Funding: Aalborg University

Available from: 2022-03-28 Created: 2022-03-28 Last updated: 2023-08-21Bibliographically approved
Østergaard, P. A., Werner, S., Dyrelund, A., Lund, H., Arabkoohsar, A., Sorknæs, P., . . . Mathiesen, B. V. (2022). The four generations of district cooling - A categorization of the development in district cooling from origin to future prospect. Energy, 253, Article ID 124098.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The four generations of district cooling - A categorization of the development in district cooling from origin to future prospect
Show others...
2022 (English)In: Energy, ISSN 0360-5442, E-ISSN 1873-6785, Vol. 253, article id 124098Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Research into new advanced district heating concepts has increased since the first four generations of district heating were defined in 2014. This definition created a common framework for research and industry alike, and pointed to potential futures for district heating which could benefit from low-temperature heating in buildings. The fully developed fourth-generation district heating includes the cross-sectoral integration into the smart energy system. This paper defines four generations of district cooling to make a similar useful framework for district cooling. The first generation being pipeline refrigeration systems that were first introduced in the late 19th century, the second generation being mainly based on large compression chillers and cold water as distribution fluid, the third generation having a more diversified cold supply such as natural cooling, and the fourth generation combining cooling with other energy sectors sometimes into a renewable energy-based smart energy systems context, including combined heating and cooling. © 2022 The Authors

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
London: Elsevier, 2022
Keywords
District cooling generations, District cooling approaches, District cooling case review, Energy system integration
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-47898 (URN)10.1016/j.energy.2022.124098 (DOI)000800047100006 ()2-s2.0-85129457791 (Scopus ID)
Note

Funding: Innovation Fund Denmark through the REINVEST project under Grant No. 6154-00022B

Available from: 2022-08-17 Created: 2022-08-17 Last updated: 2022-08-29Bibliographically approved
Sánchez-García, L., Averfalk, H., Persson, U. & Werner, S. (2021). A Closer Look at the Effective Width for District Heating Systems. In: Henrik Lund; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Hans Jørgen Brodersen (Ed.), Book of Abstracts: 7th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems. Paper presented at 7th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems, Copenhagen, Denmark, 21-22 September 2022 (pp. 153-153). Aalborg: Aalborg Universitetsforlag
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A Closer Look at the Effective Width for District Heating Systems
2021 (English)In: Book of Abstracts: 7th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems / [ed] Henrik Lund; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Hans Jørgen Brodersen, Aalborg: Aalborg Universitetsforlag, 2021, p. 153-153Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

District heating is an important technology for decarbonizing the heating supply in urban areas since it enables the recovery of waste heat that would otherwise be wasted and the cost-effective utilization of renewable heat. Nonetheless, the current general extent of these systems in Europe is very low, hence the need for simple methods and parameters to estimate their cost and feasibility on a large scale. One of these cost parameters is the Effective Width, which enables a first order approximation of the total pipe length in a given area. This concept, in conjunction with the average pipe diameter in the area, permits the determination of the network’s capital cost. However, previous research of Effective Width has relied on a small set of cases and has not contemplated service pipes. Therefore, there is need for a closer look and a deeper understanding of the underlying phenomena that influences this parameter. This study has analysed several Scandinavian District Heating Systems in detail and provides new evidence on the relation between Effective Width and the urban environment for both distribution and service pipes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Aalborg: Aalborg Universitetsforlag, 2021
Keywords
Effective Width, Plot Ratio, Distribution Capital Cost, Heat Density, District Heating, GIS
National Category
Energy Engineering Energy Systems Remote Sensing
Research subject
Smart Cities and Communities
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-48176 (URN)
Conference
7th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems, Copenhagen, Denmark, 21-22 September 2022
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 846463
Available from: 2022-09-29 Created: 2022-09-29 Last updated: 2023-03-21Bibliographically approved
Averfalk, H., Benakopoulos, T., Best, I., Dammel, F., Engel, C., Geyer, R., . . . Werner, S. (2021). Low-Temperature District Heating Implementation Guidebook: Final Report of IEA DHC Annex TS2. Implementation of Low-Temperature District Heating Systems. Stuttgart: Fraunhofer IRB Verlag
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Low-Temperature District Heating Implementation Guidebook: Final Report of IEA DHC Annex TS2. Implementation of Low-Temperature District Heating Systems
Show others...
2021 (English)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This guidebook was written between 2018 and 2021 by seventeen authors that used approximately 15 000 hours of work within the IEA DHC TS2 annex. The content is based on more than 250 literature references and 165 inspiration initiatives to obtain lower temperatures in buildings and heat distribution networks. The author group wrote 40 internal documents about early implementations of low-temperature district heating. Fifteen of these early implementations are presented in this guidebook.The guidebook contains aggregated information about the main economic drivers for low-temperature district heating. It shows how to obtain lower temperatures in heating systems inside existing and new buildings, as well as in existing and new heat distribution networks. An applied study of a campus system in Darmstadt shows the possibility of reducing temperatures in an existing heat distribution network with rather high temperatures. The competitiveness of low-temperature district heating is explored by analysing business models and heat distribution costs. Early adopters of low-temperature district heating are presented by examples and by identified transition strategies. Five groups of network configurations with fourteen variants are presented to be used for low-temperature district heating. Finally, all 165 identified inspiration initiatives and all 137 locations mentioned are listed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stuttgart: Fraunhofer IRB Verlag, 2021. p. 201
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45697 (URN)978-3-8396-1745-8 (ISBN)
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency
Available from: 2021-10-04 Created: 2021-10-04 Last updated: 2021-10-11Bibliographically approved
Lund, H., Østergaard, P. A., Nielsen, T. B., Werner, S., Thorsen, J. E., Gudmundsson, O., . . . Mathiesen, B. V. (2021). Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating. Energy, 227, Article ID 120520.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating
Show others...
2021 (English)In: Energy, ISSN 0360-5442, E-ISSN 1873-6785, Vol. 227, article id 120520Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Fourth-generation district heating (4GDH) has been used as a label or expression since 2008 to describe a transition path for decarbonization of the district heating sector and was defined in more detail in 2014. During recent years, several papers have been published on a concept called fifth generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC). This article identifies differences and similarities between 4GDH and 5GDHC regarding aims and abilities. The analysis shows that these two are common not only in the overarching aim of decarbonization but that they also to some extent share the five essential abilities first defined for 4GDH. The main driver for 5GDHC has been a strong focus on combined heating and cooling, using a collective network close to ambient temperature levels as common heat source or sink for building-level heat pumps. It is found that 5GDHC can be regarded as a promising technology with its own merits, yet a complementary technology that may coexist in parallel with other 4GDH technologies. However, the term “generation” implies a chronological succession, and the label 5GDHC does not seem compatible with the established labels 1GDH to 4GDH. © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
London: Elsevier, 2021
Keywords
Fourth-generation district heating, Fifth-generation district heating and cooling, Decarbonization, Sustainable energy supply, Smart energy systems
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45699 (URN)10.1016/j.energy.2021.120520 (DOI)000653079800009 ()2-s2.0-85103926339 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-10-04 Created: 2021-10-04 Last updated: 2021-10-25Bibliographically approved
Schmidt, D., Lygnerud, K., Werner, S., Geyer, R., Schrammel, H., Østergaard, D. S. & Gudmundsson, O. (2021). Successful implementation of low temperature district heating case studies. Energy Reports, 7(Suppl. 4), 483-490
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Successful implementation of low temperature district heating case studies
Show others...
2021 (English)In: Energy Reports, E-ISSN 2352-4847, Vol. 7, no Suppl. 4, p. 483-490Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Low temperature district heating is recognized as a key technology for the (cost-) efficient integration of renewable energy and waste heat sources in our energy systems. Several studies indicate that a deployment of local district heating schemes is a key measure for reaching the politically set climate goals. Further, implementation of low temperature district heating systems are recommended for taking maximum advantages of synergies with other sectors for decarbonization of the heating sector. Within the IEA DHC Annex TS2 project already realized low temperature community energy system concepts as well as planned or designed systems are identified and visualized. Furthermore, projects showing an innovative heat use or operation of buildings are also included in the analyses. The different projects are assessed and compared. The presentation of the demonstrators is set up in such a way that knowledge is generated about the indoor heating system, the district heating system and of the competitiveness of low temperature district heating systems, giving the evidence that these systems are feasible, efficient and reliable under various boundary conditions. The demonstrators further indicate that there are existing challenges, where further research on innovative district heating concepts for integrating decentral feed-in of renewable energy is required. The demonstrators included in the IEA DHC Annex TS2 are analysed in regard to which elements of new knowledge they can generate. For each demonstrator there are specific innovations in focus. Furthermore, the case studies show that the related business models for the utilities change when system temperatures are lowered. The paper presents and discusses the results from current research work within of the IEA DHC Annex TS2 on Implementation of Low Temperature District Heating Systems (Averfalk et al., 2021; Annex TS2, 2021 [1]). © 2021 The Author(s)

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2021
Keywords
Innovative heat supply, Low temperature district heating, Successful case studies
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-46474 (URN)10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.079 (DOI)000727767400014 ()2-s2.0-85122660606 (Scopus ID)
Note

Special Issue: SI

Available from: 2022-03-15 Created: 2022-03-15 Last updated: 2022-06-16Bibliographically approved
Gadd, H. & Werner, S. (2021). Thermal energy storage systems for district heating and cooling (2ed.). In: Luisa F. Cabeza (Ed.), Advances in Thermal Energy Storage Systems: Methods and Applications (pp. 625-638). Duxford: Woodhead Publishing Limited
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Thermal energy storage systems for district heating and cooling
2021 (English)In: Advances in Thermal Energy Storage Systems: Methods and Applications / [ed] Luisa F. Cabeza, Duxford: Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2021, 2, p. 625-638Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The context is the current use and typical applications of thermal energy storages within contemporary district heating and cooling systems. Storage examples and experiences are mostly provided from the Nordic countries in Europe. No focus is directed toward new storage methods or technical development of the current storage technologies used. Issues discussed are cash flows from storages, a variation assessment method, central versus distributed heat storages, hourly heat storage in networks, daily storages in both district heating and cooling systems, weekly heat storages, and seasonal heat storages. Recent investment costs are also summarized.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Duxford: Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2021 Edition: 2
Keywords
District heating, district cooling, daily storages, seasonal storages, cash flows, investment costs
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45698 (URN)10.1016/B978-0-12-819885-8.00021-8 (DOI)978-0-12-819885-8 (ISBN)9780128198889 (ISBN)
Available from: 2021-10-04 Created: 2021-10-04 Last updated: 2021-10-11Bibliographically approved
Projects
Future heat demands 2 [P37905-1_Energi]; Halmstad UniversityDistrict heating research in China [P37907-1_Energi]; Halmstad UniversityDistrict heating in the energy system 2 [P37906-1_Energi]; Halmstad UniversityFuture district heating technology [P41302-1_Energi]; Halmstad UniversityPre-study - new task sharing annex within the IEA-DHC-programme [P42854-1_Energi]; Halmstad University
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-9069-0807

Search in DiVA

Show all publications