Background: Today 3,4 million people worldwide are living with young onset dementia which refers to people under the age of 65. The disease affects not only the person with dementia, but also the person's partner as this phase of life is embedded in a social context of family and work life. The role changes from being a partner to being a caregiver which results in major change in life. Aim: The purpose of the study was to illustrate the partners' experiences of living with a relative affected by early onset dementia. Method: A general literature review with an inductive approach where 10 qualitative articles have been reviewed. Results: Based on the caregivers' experiences, four categories emerged. Caregivers describe a sense of uncertainty, changing roles and relationships, social isolation and lack of support. Conclusion/implication: The conclusion shows that the life of the caregivers' changes from the symptoms, throughout the changing of the relations and roles to the lack of support that the society provides. Nurses need increased knowledge about caregivers' experience of early onset dementia in order to provide accommodate the experience of health and well-being.

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 1 is the most common endocrine disease affecting teenagers. In Sweden, there are around 8,300 children under the age of 18 living with T1DM. Being a teenager means biological, cognitive, emotional and social changes and getting older means more independence, which means that more knowledge and understanding is required for the management of T1DM. Aim: The purpose was to describe adolescents' experiences of what it is like to live with diabetes mellitus type 1.Method: A general literature study with analysis and compilation of 11 articles retrieved from CINAHL and PubMed. Results: In the result, five themes emerged: striving to take over one's self-care, the value of receiving social and practical support, the feeling of being different, experiencing limitations in life and the feeling of being a patient. Conclusion/implication: The teenagers experienced major life changes associated with T1DM. A big challenge was taking responsibility for self-care while at the same time wanting to live a normal life like their peers. Nurses need to be aware of these challenges that teenagers face and identify teenagers who need extra support for the new reality. This in turn provides a prerequisite for well-functioning self-care and increased well-being.

Background: The economic, social and clinical negative effects of hard- to- heal wounds continue to increase. Antimicrobial resistance is also increasing and is today a public health problem in the world. Wound infection should primarily be treated with local treatment based on a structured approach. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe the district nurse's experiences and knowledge of wound treatment for preventive measures and treatment to counteract and eliminate wound infection. Method: A qualitative interview study with an inductive approach and strategic selection. Twelve district nurses from different parts of Sweden participated. Results: By using antimicrobial dressings, antibiotics could be avoided in many cases for treatment of local wound infection. The wound treatment was based on a holistic approach with continuity and a pursuit of cross-professional collaboration. It was expressed that continuous training in wound treatment is required for optimal wound treatment to be carried out. Conclusion: The district nurse has the ultimate responsibility for wound treatment and has extensive knowledge of how to use preventive care against wound infection. This led to a reduction in the use of antibiotics, which is an important step in preventing further development of antimicrobial resistance. However, continued education and research in this area is required. 

This study explores the potential application of George Orwell's novel 1984 in ESL instruction and its influence on promoting discussion among students on divisive political issues. The objective is to examine how the novel's underlying concepts of oppression, dictatorship, and propaganda could encourage critical thinking and social interaction among ESL students. The study considers cultural sensitivity, language skill levels, and the growth of intercultural competency as it examines the difficulties and advantages of adding 1984 into the ESL curriculum. This study sheds light on Orwell's portrayal of political dystopia and its consequences for deliberative democracy, offering valuable suggestions for using literature to foster critical participation in ESL classes.

Moreover, the study examines the literary elements, ideas, and applicability of George Orwell's novel "1984" in contemporary culture. With an emphasis on the experiences of the main character Winston under a totalitarian government, the study analyses the utilisation of third-person perspective and language to portray a dystopian society. The effects of governmental control, alienation, and media manipulation are investigated to draw attention to the reflection of totalitarianism and its influence on personal freedom. The study accentuates the importance of studying 1984 from an educational standpoint and suggests utilising agony to encourage critical thinking and consideration of power, control, and personal freedom in the classroom. 

Ultimately, the study examines the usefulness of George Orwell's novel 1984 for discussing contemporary political issues in ESL classes. Understanding the digital world is made more accessible by the analysis, which highlights the significance of politics, surveillance, and authoritarianism in contemporary society. Students can better analyse complex subjects and cultural influences by knowing the effects of tyranny, surveillance, and propaganda. Students should read and analyse such important works of literature to assess 1984's applicability and elicit moral and political debates. Future studies need to embrace the pedagogy of discomfort and consider other consequences. Ultimately, lesson objectives and timetables must be created to ensure that students effectively engage with the subject matter.

Mental health problems are increasing among children and young people in society. At the health dialogue, the school nurses meet all students and risk factors for mental health problems can be identified. The aim of this study was to describe school nurses' experiences of the health dialogue as support in the work of identifying, promoting, and preventing mental health problems. The method of the study was a systematic literature review where eight scientific articles constituted the result, which was presented in three main themes: The health dialogue - a good support for detecting mental health problems, the importance of collaborating with others and the importance of the school environment and valuable to create caring relationships. The challenges with the health dialogue were lack of time and lack of knowledge about mental health. Through the health dialogue, trust was created, and the students talked more about feelings. It was important to listen to what the students had to convey and show interest. To meet future needs for the increased mental health problems among children and young people, education and more time resources should be added.

Background: A tourniquet is a medical device regularly used in intravenous needle procedures, with the aim of reducing venous return. Tourniquet has been described in previous research as a potential source of infection. Aim: To shed light on hygienic working steps and routines when handling tourniquet during intravenous needle procedures. Method: The study was conducted as a general literature study based on seven results articles of quantitative and mixed methods. The results articles were reviewed, analyzed and compiled through a content analysis. The results were summarized in four main categories. Result: The results of the study were presented in the following main categories: Tourniquets as a source of infection, Cleaning of tourniquets, Selection of tourniquets affects contamination, Importance of knowledge, routines and guidelines. The results of the literature study showed that knowledge, routines and guidelines for the handling of tourniquets are of great importance for patient safety. Conclusion: The nurse´s knowledge and continuing education are important for consciously working preventively against the spread of infection. The nurse has a responsibility for patient safety and must alert the care provider if deficiencies appear. Infection prevention work is a shared responsibility between the nurse and the care provider.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoinflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system which leads to neurological symptoms. The disease is individual and therefore is the nurse knowledge and personcentered in nursing of great importance. Purpose: The aim was to describe individuals’ experience of living with multiple sclerosis. Method: A general literature study based on ten articles of qualitative method that was analyzed through a content analysis. The searches were made in the databases CINAHL, PubMed and PsycINFO. Result: The results divided into three categories: Experience of concern, Experience of frustration and Experience of acceptance. The first category showed that individuals experienced concern at the time of diagnosis, for the future and in social contexts. The second category showed that individuals also experienced frustration due to the fact that MS was an unpredictable disease where symptoms affected the daily life. The third category showed that individuals experienced acceptance of their disease as important in life with MS and therefore took help of individual strategies. Conclusion: To live with MS meant many emotional reactions. MS was an individual disease who complicated the daily life. To optimize nursing care, a broader knowledge and understanding of individuals with MS experiences of the disease is required among nurses.

This thesis addresses the unresolved issues of responsibility and accountability in autonomous vehicle (AV) development, advocating for human-centred approaches to enhance trustworthiness. While AVs hold the potential for improved safety, mobility, and environmental impact, poorly designed algorithms pose risks, leading to public distrust. Trust research focuses on technology-related aspects but overlooks trust within broader social and cultural contexts. Efforts are underway to understand algorithm design practices, acknowledging their potential unintended consequences. For example, Baumer (2017) advocates human-centred algorithm design (HCAD) to align with user perspectives and reduce risks. HCAD incorporates theoretical, participatory, and speculative approaches, emphasising user and stakeholder engagement. This aligns with broader calls for prioritising societal considerations in technology development (Stilgoe, 2013). The research in this thesis responds to these calls by integrating theories on trust and trustworthiness, autonomous vehicle development, and human-centred approaches in empirical investigations guided by the following research question: “How can human-centred approaches support the development of trustworthy intelligent vehicle technology?” This thesis approaches the question through design ethnography to ground the explorations in people’s real-life routines, practices and anticipations and demonstrate how design ethnographic techniques can infuse AV development with human-centred understandings of people’s trust in AVs. The studies reported in this thesis include a) interviews and participatory observations of algorithm designers, b) interviews and probing with residents, and c) staging collaborative, reflective practice through the design ethnographic materials and co-creation with citizens, city, academic and industry stakeholders, including AV algorithm designers. 

Through these empirical explorations, this thesis suggests an answer to the research question by coining a novel and timely framework for intelligent vehicle development: trustworthy algorithm design (TAD). TAD demonstrates trustworthiness as an ongoing process, not just a measurable outcome from human-technology interactions. It calls to consider autonomous vehicle algorithms as construed through a network of stakeholders, practices, and technologies and, therefore, defines trustworthy algorithm design as a continuous collaborative learning and evolvement process of different disciplines and sectors. Furthermore, the TAD framework suggests that for autonomous vehicle algorithm design to be trustworthy, it must be responsive, interventional, intentional and transdisciplinary. 

The TAD framework integrates ideas and strategies from different well-known trajectories of research in the field of responsible and human-centred technology development: Human-Centred Algorithm Design (Baumer, 2017), algorithms as culture (Seaver, 2017) and Responsible Innovation (Stilgoe et al., 2013). The thesis contributes to this field by empirically investigating how this integrated framework helps expand existing understandings of interactional trust in intelligent technologies and include the relevance of participatory processes of trustworthiness and how these processes are nurtured through cross-sector co-learning and design ethnographic materials.

Background: In March 2020, restrictions were introduced in society due to the covid-19 pandemic and this affected district nurses who working with postpartum depression. Purpose: The purpose of the studies was to describe district nurses´ experiences of working with postpartum depression in new mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A qualitative interview study with ten semistructured interviews. Data analysis was performed using a qualitative content analysis. Results: In the results, two categories emerged; changed working methods and increased workload as well as the subcategories screening, digital and physical assessments, changed teamwork, increased mental illness among the mothers andincreased need for support among the mothers. Conclusion: The work with postpartum depression was maintained by all district nurses. However, the work differed depending on the conditions that existed, and to achieve more equal care for this patient group, if a new pandemic occurs, common guidelines need to be established. The study can be used in nurses' specialist training to draw attention to the subject and improve care for new mothers. If mothers maintain their health, they can, in turn, give their children a safe upbringing. Further research can focus on how the district nurse team affects the work with postpartum depression.

Background: Research today shows a lack of self-care ability in foot ulcers caused by diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes-related foot ulcers increase the risk of infections and often lead to increased hospital care and mortality. Nurses, therefore, play a central role in ensuring that patients have ability to carry out proper self-care and reduce the risk of develop foot ulcers and their complications. Aim: The aim was to identify factors influencing patients' self-care in cases of foot ulcers caused by diabetic neuropathy. Method: The study was conducted as a general literature review with an inductive approach and is based on ten articles using qualitative methods, two articles using quantitative methods, and one using mixed methods. The results of the articles were reviewed and categorized into: lack of knowledge among nurses, lack of knowledge among patients, psychological, physical and social barriers to patient self-care, motivation and patient education and communication. Results: The results of the literature review identified factors influencing self-care in cases of foot ulcers caused by diabetic neuropathy. Among these factors, a clear lack of knowledge was evident among both nurses and patients concerning wound care and diabetes-related foot ulcers. The importance of motivation and effective communication between healthcare and patients also emerged. Conclusion: By identifying factors affecting patients' self-care ability, deficiencies in patient education, among other things, were identified. Practical healthcare practice should, therefore, focus on addressing educational gaps to promote proper self-care and health.

In primary care, digital communication is nowadays a big part of the nursepractitioner´s daily workload. Therefore, good communication skills and effective responsiveness are required to accommodate and meet the patient's needs regardless of how the meeting is taking place. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to describe the nurse practitioners’ experiences of digital communication in primary care. Method: A qualitative semi-structured interview study with ten different nurse practitioners working in primary care in Halland. Data analysis was carried out using a qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Results: Four main categories were identified: The importance of communication, accessibility within the healthcare, affected patient safety as well as the district nurse´s workflow. Discussion and conclusion: This study described nurse practitioners'experiences of using digital communication in primary care. The nurse practitioners’ felt that digital communication is a good complement to daily care. However, it must not take over. In addition, it appears that digital tools provide the opportunity for innovative solutions in nursing. In line with a population that is getting older, patient safety, equal care, and workflow are important areas to develop further. The nurse practitioners highlighted thatmore training in written communication is needed. To increase patient safety when using digital communication tools, compatible systems arerequired. Considering several different studies show digital communication will continue to develop rapidly, further studies in this area will be beneficial.

The relation of law and art is conventionally understood through a disciplinary divide that presents art as an instrument of legal practice and scholarship or, alternatively, presents law as potential context for artistic engagement. Moving beyond disciplinary definitions, in this article we explore how art and law, as modes of ordering and action in the world, often overlap in their respective desires to engage existing material orders. Whereas law’s claim of producing order appears self-evident, we try to highlight, through a concept of legislative arts, the often-overlooked similar function of artistic practices. At the heart of what we refer to as legislative arts are practices that aim to challenge law’s claim of authority in ordering social life through tactical combinations of elements of art and law. In examining a set of examples that include the Tamms Year Ten campaign to close a super-max prison in the United States, the work of Forensic Architecture and practices of passport forgery, we aim to highlight the possibility of manifesting social orders beyond an exclusive reliance upon state laws. Pointing to the potentials of such legislative arts practices, this article suggests that the material ordering quality of artistic and legal practices can, and perhaps should, be weaponized for challenging and remaking the world of unjust state laws. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

In this paper, we argue that the legitimation of killing in war is not simply formed by adherence to certainlegal requirements that exist apart from and prior to war; instead, we suggest, the law of armed conflict initself cannot but operate through admitting certain materials onto the battlefield as distinctively legalmaterials. Using the theory of legal materiality, we show that the military uniform is a legal material thatmakes the legal matter of legitimate targeting intelligible to law. This process happens through the waysin which the uniform shapes the possibility of visual recognition and differentiation in order to makecertain bodies targetable and others not targetable. We refer to this visual recognition and differentiationas a domain of persuasion. We show that the historical, functional and visual attributes of the uniform, asa design artefact, produce a convincing domain of distinction for the attacking agent. Finally, we turn toinsurgency, arguing that the legal matter of targeting is shaped not only by the presence, use andmanipulation of this legal material but also by the absence of it.

This book is about how distinctions are drawn between civilians and combatants in modern warfare and how the legal principle of distinction depends on the technical means through which combatants make themselves visibly distinguishable from civilians.

The author demonstrates that technologies of visualisation have always been part of the operation of the principle of distinction, arguing that the military uniform sustained the legal categories of civilian and combatant and actively set the boundaries of permissible and prohibited targeting, and so legal and illegal killing. Drawing upon insights from the theory of legal materiality, visual studies, critical fashion studies, and a dozen of military manuals he shows that far from being passive objects of regulation, these technologies help to draw the boundaries of the legitimate target.

With its attention to the co-productive relationship between law, technologies of visualisation and legitimation of violence, this book will be relevant to a large community of researchers in international law, international relations, critical military studies, contemporary counterinsurgency operations and the sociology of law. © 2024 Amin Parsa.

Legal tech is growing, and its growth provokes anxieties about the future of the legal profession as such. In this article, we examine the impact of legal tech on the central role of lawyers at law firms in crafting an imagined ‘right legal answer’ by drawing on Duncan Kennedy’s suggestion that a claim to the rightness of one’s legal propositions is a central characteristic of the legal profession. We first ask how changes in the organisation of legal services affect the ability of lawyers at law firms to produce that ‘right legal answer’. While legal tech only exacerbates already ongoing processes of eradication of routine tasks, we find that it continues to mask the role of ideology in arriving at a right legal answer under a new layer of technological projection. Second, we ask how lawyers’ ability to produce ‘the right legal answer’ is affected by, first, expert systems and, second, a legal tech application named Bryter, representing a no-code system. We find that expert systems do not permit to uphold the unity of the lawyer required for Kennedy’s model of the right legal answer, but that no-code systems as Bryter do so. No-code systems can be reduced to a slogan: Have the lawyer, but evict her ideological temptations more efficiently than before!© 2023, The Author(s).

Background: More men than women suffer from myocardial infarction, which has resulted in previous research being based on men’s experiences. Women experience a greater spectrum of symptoms and have different risk factors than men. A distinct delay can be seen when women seek care. Aim: The purpose was to shed light on women's experiences when suffering a myocardial infarction. Method: A general literature study approach was conducted on 11 articles. The content of the articles was analyzed, and themes were distinguished. Result: Four themes were identified: lack of knowledge, feeling of responsibility, treatment in healthcare services and life after a myocardial infarction. The result showed that women experienced prodromal symptoms that were atypical, which complicated women’s ability to identify the cause of the symptoms. The women did not prioritize seeking care, as the women were influenced by the feeling of responsibility towards their relatives and work. Many women felt ignored when they finally sought care. Conclusion/implication: The lack of knowledge about women's atypical symptoms can lead to delays in seeking care and diagnosis. Through further research into women's experiences, symptoms and risk factors, knowledge can be spread and contribute to women having the opportunity for adequate care.

Background: The biggest cause of burns is heat from hot liquids, fire and solid substances. Pain after burns is costly for the society which leads to large financial losses. An effective pain assessment is needed to get an individual pain treatment plan. An important area of responsibility in nursing is to minimize and evaluate patients’ pain. Aim: The aim was to shed light on patients' experiences of pain after burns. Method: To compile the results found regarding pain after burns a general literature study was used. The articles were retrieved from CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus, resulting in ten articles reviewed and used in the results. Results: The results were divided into the categories pain in the acute phase, pain during wound care, residual pain and consequences of living with pain. Conclusion/implication: The pain affects the patient from the initial injury and may persist for years. The literature study can give nurses an increased understanding of taking care of patients with pain after burns. An important part of the nurse's responsibility is pain relief.

Backround: Digital contact path have gained a prominent role in primary care. Through digital contact path, the individual should be at the center of attention and increase the ability to manage their illness. Self-management is a high priority in COPD care and aims to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, increase physical activity, prevent disease progression and reduce mortality. The aim: was to investigate COPD patients' experiences of self-management advice through digitally mediated care. Based on the literature review's 14 qualitative articles, three main categories emerged: from physical to digital contact paths, experiences of meeting the district nurse on the screen and digital self-management advice. Methods: The method used was a systematic literature review with an inductive approach. Results: Digital self-management advice was considered a useful supplement, but never a substitute for physical visits to the district nurse. Conclusion: The collected knowledge from the study could contribute to district nurses and operational managers within primary care gaining a better understanding of how patients perceive self-management advice, as their knowledge and experiences change with digital development. The scientific basis is limited, future research should focus on a larger survey to be able to draw conclusions about how digital self-management advice affects COPD patients.

Background: Impaired sleep habits among young people are today a growing public health problem that is increasing both nationally and internationally. Young people today sleep less than an average of eighthours per night, which can lead to ill health. Aim: The aim of this study was to shed light on the school nurse's experiences with working to promote health with young people's sleep habits. Methods: This study has a qualitative method with an inductive approach with predetermined interview questions. Seven interviews were conducted with school nurses in various municipalities in southern Halland, Sweden. The material is analyzed using a qualitative manifest content analysis. Results: The results revealed two main categories: Health-promoting efforts with associated subcategories: supporting students to make wise decisions and the individual conversationsand Collaboration in teams with associated subcategories: the importance of the team for students' health, increased knowledge and active learning, and good relationships with guardians. Conclusions: In this study, the school nurse's experiences of working with health-promoting interventions for young people with sleep difficulties and poor sleep habits are highlighted. A well-functioning schooling with good sleep habits generates well-being individuals with good conditions for a healthier life in adulthood.

Background: More people are exposed to and experience traumatic events in their lives. Therefore, the risk of suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) also increases. Suffering from symptoms of PTSD causes several mental and physical problems, which makes it important for these people to seek treatment. Aim: To identify factors influencing the decision to seek treatment among people with PTSD. Method: This study was conducted as a general literature study with searches in two databases where ten articles that were consistent with the purpose were included in the result.Results: The result revealed that people with PTSD experience a significant number of factors that influence their decision to seek treatment. The four categories were: accessibility to care, previous experiences in care and chance to participate, stigma and knowledge and understanding. Conclusion: In summary, accessibility and stigma were mainly produced as factors that affect people with PTSD to seek treatment. The importance of increased knowledge about the disease and personalized care is identified as positive factors as an individual decision to seek care for PTSD. The results provide valuable information to nurses and future nurses to increase understanding of the care needs of people with PTSD. More research and improved work on the subject is needed to increase knowledge about and accessibility to care for PTSD and reduce the stigma around seeking help.

Background: During the covid-19 pandemic, visiting restrictions were introduced which made family-centered care more difficult. The restrictions contributed to distancing family members from care units, which made it difficult to involve them in the care context. Since nurses have an important role in family-centered care, nurses’ experiences of this change are important to investigate. Aim: The aim of the study was to illustrate nurses’ experiences of how family-centered care was affected by visiting restrictions during covid-19. Method: A general literature study with an inductive approach that was based on ten articles with a qualitative method and three articles with a mixed method. The resulting articles were analyzed and processed according to Popenoe et al. (2021) model. Results: The result showed that the nurses felt that the family-centered care was affected by the visiting restrictions during the covid-19 pandemic, both in terms of communication, experience of participation, support for patients and their families and lack of resources. Nurses also experienced that they personally often felt guilty and ended up in ethical dilemmas due to situations during the pandemic. Conclusion: The result of the literature study shows that visiting restrictions caused by covid-19 negatively affected family-centered care. Family-centered care has been shown to improve patient safety and quality of care, more research in the area is relevant, as it can lead to better conditions for each patient to manage, undergo and recover from illness. 

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur förskolepersonal beskriver sitt arbetssätt med och vid måltider utifrån ett pedagogiskt förhållningssätt. För att ta reda på det ställdes följande frågeställning “På vilka sätt beskriver förskolepersonal sitt arbetssätt med måltider i förskolan?”. Det teoretiska ramverket som valdes till studien är läroplansteorin. För att genomföra studien valdes en kvantitativ metod i form av en enkätundersökning. Sammanlagt deltog 31 respondenter, varav 17 var förskollärare, 13 var barnskötare och 1 hade en övrig pedagogisk utbildning. Resultatet visar att de arbetssätt som beskrivits av såväl förskollärare som barnskötare synliggör ett engagemang i att skapa trygga och lustfyllda måltidssituationer, detta utifrån både lika och olika strategier. Utifrån studiens resultat möjligt att utläsa att förskolepersonalen upplever en viss brist av tillfällen för diskussion om måltider. Slutsatsen för denna studie blir därmed att det finns både likheter och olikheter i hur förskolepersonalen beskriver sitt arbetssätt med och vid måltider i förskolan. Även hur viktigt det är att ta vara på varandras kompetenser, vilket kan uppnås genom diskussioner i hela arbetslaget. Det med förhoppning om att ge ämnet måltid ett större utrymme i förskolan.

In Sweden the use of detection dogs as a tool in nature conservation has until now been a small field, with few practitioners. In the daily operations of customs, police and the armed forces, detection dogs are a natural part of the organization and the same could be possible in conservation work. The dog’s ability to select between scents and their willingness to work with humans make them unique, utilizing these traits can make conservation work more efficient. The Swedish practitioners are compiled, and the available research is reviewed, the practitioners are then compared to the international research, to suggest further implication in Sweden. There are some practitioners working with conservation detection dogs today, research supports the dog’s efficiency in some areas, but in some areas research is absent. These areas would need studies to confirm the dog’s efficiency. We suggest potential areas for implantation in Sweden, such as scat detection of bats, pests like elm decease, threatened species, invasive species, sewage leaks, disused landfills, and laboratory analyses. Our suggestion is a national database for all conservation detection dogs, to aid future work for both practitioners and customers.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate how to lower the energy use in Campus Varberg. For this purpose, the thesis utilizes a case study methodology and the European commission’s Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI) as a tool to see what actions that could and should be taken in Campus Varberg to increase the score, resulting in a more energy efficient Campus. Results are indicating that sensors for occupant and daylight detection, and demand side management (DSM) of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system (HVAC), and manual override of DSM are critical to increase energy efficiency and comfort in the building. A solar panel installation is recommended, and the expected gains are calculated. Unfortunately, the addition of an energy storage is not reasonable to install, because the expected production is lower than the current energy consumption, which limits Campus Varberg from proceeding further as a smart building. Overall, the SRI survey has proven to be a useful tool for identifying energy-saving opportunities and guiding the implementation of sustainable solutions in Campus Varberg, Sweden. 

Keywords: Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI), system installations, energy efficiency & smart buildings. 

The anti-forensics process using different methods to hide information or alter it which can lead theinvestigation to the wrong direction. The rising of new skills and experience levels can put the wholeinvestigation in jeopardy especially in the aspect of financial and time loss. Anti-forensics toolsleveraging the cryptographic techniques, data deletion and more novel methods to counter theforensics tools. In this thesis we will examine the techniques that are used by criminals to break downthe cybercrime investigation and all related digital forensics. The focus in this theses will be theeffectiveness of the anti-forensics techniques in hiding traces from the forensics tools.

This qualitative study aimed to study children’s perspective on gender when talkingabout four Disney characters. The study is aimed towards working educators inpreschools and can contribute to an understanding of gender and children’s genderperceptions. By seeing popular culture as a tool, preschool educators can takeadvantage of children’s interests and base their teaching on them. The study has shedlight on children’s gender beliefs, further how they are expressed in focus groupinterviews. The interviews with the children were in focusgroups and was semistructured. In this study children have shown great commitment, desire, and curiosityto discuss gender, both together with each other and also with us adults. Based on thethemes that emerged during the analysis process, children had tendencies ofstereotypical gender beliefs and the children used similar concepts to describe anddefine the gender on media characters.

Background: With a population that is getting older, it is important to try to preserve good health and reduce functional impairments. Targeted health talks are a Swedish model that aims to promote health by combining health promotion and disease prevention strategies. Targeted health talks with the elderly are not carried out equally in Sweden, which means that everyone does not have the same conditions for health. Few studies have investigated district nurses' experiences of targeted health talks with the elderly. Aim: To explore district nurses' experiences of targeted health talks with people aged 70 and above. Method: Qualitative interview study with seven district nurses and five registered nurses in southern Sweden in primary care. Qualitative content analysis was performed. Results: The main categories were experiences of the age group, experiences of method support, experiences in promoting healthy habits and experiences of performed health talks with three subcategories. Conclusion: The results show that targeted health talks can help to identify diseases and risk factors in the elderly, but also resources that can encourage, inspire and motivate healthy lifestyles. Small changes in lifestyle can contribute to health in the long term. More research is needed that examines which age groups targeted health talks benefit the most from a personal and public health perspective in relation to societal costs in the short and long term.

Background: Wound care entails high costs for society and contributes to a reduced quality of life for the affected individual. Effective and person- centered wound care is important for the patient to be able to maintain a good quality of life. Negative pressure wound therapy is a method that has become increasingly common for the treatment of wounds. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe patients' experiences of negative pressure wound therapy. Method: The study was conducted as a general literature study of eight qualitative articles. Results: Four themes were identified: participating in a new exciting treatment method, being limited in everyday life, having pain and needing knowledge and support. Conclusion: The patients looked forward to participating in a new exciting treatment method. The patients felt that they were limited physically, psychologically and socially and had a need for support. By describing the patients' experiences of negative pressure wound therapy, areas are identified that the nurse needs to be aware of in order to provide person- centered and good evidence-based care.

Background: Studies have shown that children as relatives to parents with cancer are not given attention and that nurses have a lack of knowledge about children as relatives and how they should be treated, because parents are considered to have the main responsibility. Parents have a reduced ability to be there for their children and have a lack of knowledge about the children's needs. Being the child of a parent with cancer is a risk group that can mean insufficient support. Aim: The aim was to investigate children's need for care as relatives of a cancer sick parent. Method: General literature study with review and structured processing of ten qualitative, one quantitative and one mixed method article. Results: The main themes identified were children's needs for support, information, communication and coping strategies. The results showed that the children were in need of support from their surroundings and from healthcare staff. The children also needed to receive correct and adapted information and the opportunity to communicate about the cancer disease. Finally, the children needed to create manageability strategies in order to manage their vulnerable situation. Conclusion: It was discovered that the children were in need of care, which the parents, the environment and the health care could contribute with efforts to meet the children's needs. Further research on children who are relatives to parents with cancer can contribute to improved care and treatment of these children.

Background: Diabetes type II is one of the most common widespread endemic diseases and correlates with unhealthy habits such as low physical activity and bad regimen. By making lifestyle changes the sickness can improve and also reduce the risk of complication evolvement. However the process of change can be a bigger issue for the individual when having deficient motivation and therefore result in the lack of necessary change implementations. Purpose: The aim of this study was to illuminate individuals' experiences of motivation to lifestyle change when having a diabetes type II diagnosis to support nursing care. Method: The study was made as a general literature review in which 13 result articles from the databases Cinahl and PubMed were used. To answer the purpose of the study, the articles were compiled and analyzed in several steps. Result: The results are presented based on three categories: the importance of support to strengthen motivation, the importance of the relationship between the individual's health literacy and increased motivation and strengthened motivation of positive health effect, autonomy and goal achievement. Conclusion: What was considered essential in strengthening the motivation of individuals was support from relatives and the health care system, gaining knowledge and having the opportunity to be involved in their own care. The knowledge of what strengthens motivation can therefore be considered beneficial in the nurse's work to support the individual with a diabetes type II diagnosis in lifestyle change.

Background: In case of chronic kidney failure renal replacement therapy may be needed for continued survival, one form of treatment is hemodialysis where the blood is purified by a dialyzer. The treatment is demanding for the patient which affect their lives in several ways. The nurse has an important role in nursing, as support and treat complications but currently they do not have enough knowledge about patients’ experiences. Aim: This study aimed to describe patients’ experiences of living with hemodialysis treatment. Method: A literature review with an inductive approach, based on nine qualitative original articles. Results: The three categories of the result were limitations in everyday life with the subcategories limitations related to treatments, physical impact and social isolation. The second category that emerged was difficulties due to restrictions and the third was the need for support with the subcategories the importance of relatives and the importance of care staff. Conclusion: The participants experienced difficulties in everyday life related to physical, psychological and social factors. The problem was connected to the great time spent in hospitals, physical symptoms and food and fluid restrictions. It was hard to make everyday life work and most participants felt socially isolated. The need for support was big, both from relatives and nursing staff.